苯磺酸氨氯地平口腔崩解片处方优化的研究

目的研究苯磺酸氨氯地平口腔崩解片处方的优化。方法结合矫味剂和β-环糊精包合技术改善口感，通过正交实验筛选最优处方。结果最优处方为：苯磺酸氨氯地平0．3g，β-环糊精1．0g，阿司帕坦0．05g，枸橼酸0．25g，微晶纤维素2．5g，α-乳糖1．35g，甘露醇0．5g，硬脂酸镁0．1g。产品崩解时限为（12．10±0．06）s。结论所得产品能较好地达到口腔崩解片的各项要求。     

多维元素口腔崩解片的研制

以多维元素为原料,加入微晶纤维素和甘露醇等辅料,采用湿法制粒压片,制备了多维元素口腔崩解片.通过筛选处方和优化工艺,确定了产品的制作工艺条件及配方.实验结果表明:原料多维元素用量9.5%、填充剂甘露醇41%,崩解剂微晶纤维素20%、羧甲基淀粉钠17.5%、低取代羟丙基纤维素7.5%,矫味剂阿斯巴甜4%、薄荷香精2%和柠檬酸0.5%,制备的口腔崩解片崩解迅速,口感良好,无沙砾感,服用方便.     

番茄红素环糊精包合片剂的研制

目的:研制新型番茄红素制剂产品.方法:β-环糊精与羟丙基-β-环糊精混合包合番茄红素,紫外法测定表观包合常数;研磨法制备包合物并测定溶解度,以包合片稳定性、崩解时间及溶出度优化筛选片剂处方和制备方法.结果:不同比例混合的环糊精与番茄红素的表观包合常数为522～932L·mol-1,对番茄红素增溶47.6～116.7倍;包合片稳定性好,崩解溶出快,活性好.结论:混合环糊精改进番茄红素效果明显,其性能优于环糊精的简单加和,具有很高的经济性价比.     

西洋参口腔速溶片的研制

以西洋参提取物为原料,研究西洋参浸膏粉制备口腔速溶片的工艺,确定合理的原辅料配比。以崩解时间、口感为考察指标,通过单因素试验及正交试验优化产品配方。结果表明:西洋参浸膏粉20%,联合崩解剂羧甲基淀粉钠(CMS-Na)、微晶纤维素(MCC)、低取代羟丙基纤维素(L-HPC)的添加量分别为12%,20%,8%,复合矫味剂薄荷脑、三氯蔗糖、柠檬酸的添加量分别为0.4%,1.0%,0.2%,甘露醇为稀释剂,制备的口腔速溶片崩解迅速,口感良好,服用方便。     

口腔速溶钙片的研制

以柠檬酸钙为原料,加入微晶纤维素和甘露醇等辅料,采用粉末直接压片法,制备口腔速溶片。通过实验,确定产品的制作工艺条件及配方。结果表明：原料柠檬酸钙30％、填充剂甘露醇12％、崩解剂微晶纤维素20％、羧甲基淀粉钠15％、低取代羟丙基纤维素10％、矫味剂阿斯巴甜0．5％、蔗糖10％和柠檬酸2％,制备的口腔速溶片崩解迅速,口感良好,无沙砾感,服用方便。     

复配麦芽糊精及β-环糊精对喷雾干燥甘薯全粉品质的影响

为提高喷雾干燥所制备出甘薯全粉的品质,本研究探讨了麦芽糊精及β-环糊精作为助干剂对产品品质的影响。通过比对麦芽糊精及β-环糊精单独及复配使用后,甘薯全粉的出粉率、营养组分及特性（色泽、粒度、流动性、水合特性、抗氧化成分以及抗氧化力）变化,得出甘薯全粉喷雾干燥的最优助干剂配方。结果表明,采用最优复合组合的添加比例为20 g/100 g麦芽糊精+4 g/100 g β-环糊精。所得产品的出粉率最高可达到61.14%,花色苷、类黄酮及总酚的保留率分别可达到69.24%、68.12%以及60.42%。本文借助喷雾干燥助干剂制备甘薯全粉,进一步为产品提升提供了技术参考。     

高效液相色谱法测定盐酸氨溴索口腔崩解片的含量和有关物质

目的建立高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定盐酸氨溴索口腔崩解片含量和有关物质的方法。方法采用Phenomenex Luna C18(2)(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以0.01 mol/L磷酸氢二铵溶液(用磷酸调pH 7.0)-乙腈(50:50)为流动相;检测波长248 nm;流速1.0 mL/min。结果盐酸氨溴索在12.04~42.14μg/mL范围内,峰面积与浓度的线性关系良好(r=0.9998),平均回收率为99.8%,RSD为0.62%(n=9)。结论此法准确、简便、快速,适用于盐酸氨溴索口腔崩解片的质量控制。     

重组Bacillus stearothermophilus β-CGTase在β-环糊精制备中的应用条件优化

以作者所在实验室前期构建的产嗜热脂肪芽孢杆菌β-环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶(β-CGTase)重组短小芽孢杆菌作为菌种,经过摇瓶发酵,得到酶活为49 U/mL的β-CGTase粗酶液。以马铃薯淀粉为底物用β-CGTase进行单酶法转化制备β-环糊精,并对转化条件进行优化。结果表明,最优反应条件为:反应时间18 h,初始pH 6.0,反应温度50℃,底物质量浓度15 g/dL,加酶量13 U/g底物。在最优条件下,总转化率最高为73.9%,其中β-环糊精比例为98.7%。在此基础上,建立了采用普鲁兰酶与β-CGTase复配同步转化淀粉制备β-环糊精的新工艺,并且优化了普鲁兰酶的加酶量。结果表明,当普鲁兰酶加量为50 U/g淀粉底物,反应时间18 h时,总转化率达到最高81.4%,其中β-环糊精占比97.7%。     

一氯三嗪-β-环糊精与毛/涤混纺织物的接枝工艺

文章主要研究一种新型纺织助剂——一氯三嗪-β-环糊精(MCT-β-CD)在毛/涤混纺织物上的接枝工艺。该助剂的一氯三嗪部分可与羊毛纤维结合,在混纺织物上的羊毛部分引入β-环糊精。由于β-环糊精对分散染料具有包合作用,使得接枝后的毛/涤混纺织物在分散染料印花加工中的K/S值明显提高。通过实验,确定改性接枝毛/涤混纺织物的最优工艺为一氯三嗪-β-环糊精60 g/L,DMDHEU 20 g/L,柠檬酸5 g/L,聚乙二醇10 g/L,轧余率70%,焙烘温度130℃,焙烘时间5 min。     

口腔崩解片的常用辅料及工艺特点

固体制剂中，口腔崩解片（orally disintegrating tablets，ODT）是近年投产的一种速释给药剂型。ODT不用水或只需少量水即可在口腔内崩解成细颗粒，便于吞咽困难或取水不便时患者服用。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.