关于发布《食品安全国家标准食品添加剂使用标准》(GB2760—2014)等37项食品安全国家标准的公告

<正>(2014年第21号)根据《中华人民共和国食品安全法》和《食品安全国家标准管理办法》规定,经食品安全国家标准审评委员会审查通过,现发布《食品安全国家标准食品添加剂使用标准》(GB 2760—2014)等37项食品安全国家标准。其编号和名称如下:GB 2760—2014食品安全国家标准食品添加剂使用标准GB 2711—2014食品安全国家标准面筋制品     

关于发布《食品安全国家标准食品添加剂使用标准》(GB2760—2014)等37项食品安全国家标准的公告

<正>2014年第21号根据《中华人民共和国食品安全法》和《食品安全国家标准管理办法》规定,经食品安全国家标准审评委员会审查通过,现发布《食品安全国家标准食品添加剂使用标准》(GB 2760—2014)等37项食品安全国家标准。其编号和名称如下:GB 2760—2014食品安全国家标准食品添加剂使用标准GB 2711—2014食品安全国家标准面筋制品GB 2712—2014食品安全国家标准豆制品     

食品药品监管总局办公厅关于自制二氧化碳和氢氧化钙生产许可有关问题的复函

<正>(食药监办食监一函〔2016〕187号)内蒙古自治区食品药品监督管理局:你局《关于制糖企业自制二氧化碳、氢氧化钙是否需要取得食品生产许可证的请示》(内食药监〔2016〕24号)收悉。经研究,现函复如下:《中华人民共和国食品安全法》规定,国家对食品添加剂生产实行许可制度。《食品安全国家标准食品添加剂使用标准》(GB 2760—2014)规定,二氧化碳和氢氧化钙可在各类食品加工过程中作为加工助剂使用。《食品添加剂液体二氧化碳》(GB 10621—2006)和《食品安全国家标准食品添加剂氢氧化钙》     

《食品添加剂使用标准》跟踪评价结果分析

目的 对GB 2760—2014《食品安全国家标准 食品添加剂使用标准》的跟踪评价意见进行收集整理分析,并在此基础上提出对于修订标准的建议。方法 通过“食品安全国家标准跟踪评价及意见反馈平台”收集各界对GB 2760—2014发布实施后的意见和建议,并对意见和建议的合理性和可行性进行分析,提出标准修订的建议。结果 本研究共收集2016—2018年521家单位或个人通过食品安全国家标准跟踪评价及意见反馈平台反馈的有关GB 2760—2014的574条意见和建议,按照标准的章节顺序号对意见进行合并归类,显示意见主要集中在标准附录A食品添加剂使用规定和附录E食品分类系统,分析了每类意见的合理性与可行性,并在此基础上提出了未来标准修订的建议。结论 GB 2760—2014正在修订中,修订过程中根据跟踪评价反映的合理意见,将对部分食品添加剂的使用规定以及食品分类系统做出相应修改。     

《食品安全国家标准 包装饮用水》(GB19298—2014)、《食品安全国家标准 食品添加剂使用标准》(GB2760—2014)等37项食品安全国家标准发布

<正>根据《中华人民共和国食品安全法》和《食品安全国家标准管理办法》规定,经食品安全国家标准审评委员会审查通过,国家卫计委发布了《食品安全国家标准包装饮用水》(GB 19298—2014)、《食品安全国家标准食品添加剂使用标准》(GB 2760—2014)等37项食品安全国家标准。其编号和名称如下:     

《婴幼儿及儿童纺织产品安全技术规范》解读

对国家强制性标准GB 31701—2015《婴幼儿及儿童纺织产品安全技术规范》进行了详细解读,介绍了标准的适用范围,讨论了产品类别分类的方法,分析了标准实施对整个纺织品服装产业链产生的影响,指出在使用标准时应注意的问题并提出了应对办法与建议。通过标准解读,为GB 31701—2015标准的有效实施及检测机构更好理解该标准提供了一定帮助。     

GB 5009.93-2017《食品安全国家标准食品中硒的测定》标准解读

本文对GB 5009.93-2017《食品安全国家标准食品中硒的测定》的各章节逐条进行分析解读,讨论了标准变化的依据以及存在的问题,对食品检验人员正确实施使用该标准提出了技术性建议。     

我国与南方共同市场动物源性食品中重金属限量标准的对比分析

目的探究我国与南共市动物源性食品重金属限量标准的异同。方法根据GB 2762—2014《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》以及南共市在2013年8月29日第42号合议理事会决议中制定的南方共同市场关于食品中无机污染物最大限量的技术法规,分析2个标准重金属检测项目、涉及动物源性食品种类和主要动物源性食品限量指标的异同。结果我国在动物源性食品重金属检测项目和涉及动物源性食品种类上均比南共市规定的多。在限量指标方面,南共市水产动物及其制品的砷限量、肉及肉制品、水产动物及其制品和蛋及蛋制品中铅限量、畜禽肾脏中的镉限量均比中国规定宽松。结论我国监管部门应对南共市规定较为宽松的检测项目予以关注。     

2017年陕西省3项食品安全国家标准跟踪评价研究

目的 调查评估GB 7718—2011《食品安全国家标准 预包装食品标签通则》、GB 28050—2011《食品安全国家标准 预包装食品营养标签通则》、GB 13432—2013《食品安全国家标准 预包装特殊膳食食用食品标签》在陕西省的执行情况,为标准的修订完善提供依据。方法 采用横断面调查法,于2017年5～10月对陕西省食品相关生产企业人员、监管人员、检验人员及科研人员通过会议现场发放问卷、微信网络问卷的方式进行调查。调查内容包含调查对象基本信息、对标准的知晓情况及合理性和可操作性评价、对标准的技术性评价情况及遇到的主要问题、修改意见和建议。结果 本次调查共发放问卷310份,收回有效问卷305份;4类人员对GB 7718—2011、GB 28050—2011、GB 13432—2013的总知晓率分别为76.1%(86/113)、73.5%(83/113)、64.6%(51/79);分别有90.7%(78/86)、84.3%(70/83)、78.4%(40/51)的调查对象认为GB 7718—2011、GB 28050—2011、GB 13432—2013基本合理;部分调查对象提出一些关于标准细节的建议。结论 陕西省食品相关工作人员对GB 7718—2011和GB 28050—2011的知晓率较高,对GB 13432—2013的知晓率与前2个标准相比较低。本次调查还观察到调查对象对标准的内容理解不够充分,执行情况仍然存在应用推广不够的情况。标准在应用过程中还存在问题,现行标准有待改进。     

解析GB2760—2011对食用酒精生产的影响

近日,随着GB2760—2011的出台实施,国内大多食用酒精生产厂家关注的焦点,都放在了食品安全问题上。新的国标中,对于食品添加剂及食品工业用加工助剂的明确规定,无疑对国内现有的酒精生产工艺造成了较大影响。GB2760—2011是食品安全国家标准,食品添加剂使用标准,本标准规定了食品添加剂的使用原则、允许使用的食品添加剂品种、使用范围及最大使用量或残留量,标准于2011年6月20日正式下发执行。标准不仅对于食品添加剂、食品工业用加工助剂     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.