2006～2008年外引甘蔗品种新宿比较试验总结

2006年在我所试验地上进行了外引甘蔗新品种比较试验,2007年砍收后留宿根继续观察。参试品种共12个,以粤糖93-159为对照。1新1宿结果表明:云蔗99-45、Q1786和桂糖94-119综合性状表现最好;云生2-9、桂糖94-116、园林6号表现较好;云生2-11、Q184、云生2-10和巴西固氮种表现一般。为不断充实我州的甘蔗品种后备资源,我所在进行自育甘蔗新品种选育的同时,还从事外引甘蔗新品种的引进、试验、示范和推广工作,通过引种观察,从中筛选出了12个品种(系)在大田进行品种比较试验,以期选出比本地当家品种丰产、高糖、宿根性好、适应性强的优新良种在蔗区推广应用,并为我州蔗区的决策者在良种规划和推广应用方面提供科学依据。     

甘蔗新品种美国CP80/1827的种性及栽培技术

甘蔗新品种ＣＰ８０／１８２７是美国农业部（佛罗里达州运河点）甘蔗研究所育成的。经过检疫后,我所１９９６年引进试验,通过２年的新宿根试验和大田生产试种示范的结果表明：该品种早熟、高糖、平均产量及食糖量比对照种桂糖１１号增加达２０％以上,且宿根性强、适应性广,在柳州地区及其北部蔗区可引种试种。甘蔗新品种美国CP80/1827的种性及栽培技术@覃耀冠     

3个甘蔗新品种在柳城蔗区的新植表现

以ROC22作为对照品种,在柳城蔗区对柳城县甘蔗研究中心选育的桂柳05136、福建农林大学甘蔗综合研究所选育的福农38号以及广州甘蔗糖业研究所培育的粤糖60号等3个新品种进行新植比较试验。通过综合比较出苗率、分蘖率和生长速率等农艺性状以及产量和品质性状认为:桂柳05136可作为高产高糖的品种种植推广;其余品种可作为辅助品种适当推广。     

《甘蔗糖业》2001年主要目次索引

甘蔗育种 期 页甘蔗ＱＴＬ定位与标记辅助选择的初步研究……１１甘蔗创新亲本崖城８２－９６、崖城８４－１５３ 和崖城９０－３…………………２１甘蔗新品种桂糖１７号种性综述……………２ ７甘蔗新品种对比试验……………３５甘蔗属割手密（Ｓａｃｃｈａｒｕｍ　ｓｐｏｎｔａｎｅｕｍ）, 近缘属斑茅（Ｓｃｌｅｒｏｓｔａｃｈｙａ） 及河八王（Ｎａｒｅｎｇｄ的染色体 数目研究…………………………３ １２国家甘蔗品种第二轮区域化试验………３ １６ “九五”国家审定的甘蔗品种系谱…………４１甘蔗栽培谈脱毒健康种苗在广西甘蔗生产…     

甘蔗新品种桂糖17号种性综述

甘蔗新品种桂糖17号（原编号糖89－5）,是广西甘蔗研究所近年神选育的,多年试验表明,桂糖17号为中早熟,高糖,高产稳定,含糖量高,宿根性好,抗逆性强,适应性广的优良新品种,经广西某蔗品种区试,国家甘蔗品种联合区试及生产试验,新植蔗和宿根蔗比对比照品种桂糖11号,新台糖10号表现明显的增产增糖效果,于1999年通过了国家和省级农作物品种审定委员会的审定。     

甘蔗农业文摘(六)

对广西目前甘蔗品种的浅析——彭绍光，广西蔗糖，1997，3，10—13本文分析广西目前推广的甘蔗品种。桂糖11号是广西的主栽品种，种植面积最多，直到今天还没有找到代替它的品种。原因是用作杂交的亲本均是热带种、印度种和割手赛种的后代，亲缘狭窄。今后必须充实甘蔗近缘植物种质资源，以期丰富甘蔗遗传的异质性，拓宽选择余地。本文对国家“九五”甘蔗育种计划和引种做法提出看法。4个甘蔗新品种的性状表现——潘世明等，福建甘蔗，1997，（2），17—20·甘蔗农业文摘·对4个甘蔗新品种二年新宿试验表明：闽糖87－910增产显著，增产和增…     

《甘蔗糖业》2006年主要目次索引

文章题目期页作者●甘蔗农业甘蔗新品种粤糖00-236配套栽培技术研究…………………………………………11刘福业斑茅杂交后代的分子鉴定……………………16劳方业云南德宏蔗区首次甘蔗品种区域化试验总结…………………………………………112杨世常广西蔗糖发展主要气象灾害分析及蔗糖产业优化布局的研究………………………117谭宗琨云割82-114血缘SSR标记杂交真实性鉴定分析……………………………………21桃联安我所自育甘蔗新品种介绍与系谱分析………24吴水金甘蔗梢腐病原菌的鉴定及其室内毒力测定…210吴伟怀以甘蔗为原料生产燃料乙醇…     

甘蔗新品种粤糖86-368的选育与应用

粤糖86-368是原中国轻工总会甘蔗糖业研究所湛江试验站育成的高产高糖中熟甘蔗新品种。多年多点试验结果表明，该品种新植蔗比粤糖63-237增产32.4%，增糖33.7%；宿根蔗增产31.1%，增糖33.2%；甘蔗蔗糖分11-2月平均比粤糖62-237高0.09%（新植）和0.17%（宿根，绝对值）。该品种具有抗风耐旱力强、缩根性良好等众多优良农艺性状，是一个适合肥力一般的旱地蔗区种植的新品种。     

广西蔗区优良甘蔗品种多系布局的途径探讨

当前广西甘蔗品种种植的单一性形势依然严峻,甘蔗品种仍以台糖系列为主导。本文就广西甘蔗品种种植的现状、当前和今后一个时期广西蔗区优良甘蔗品种多系布局,提出:必须创新甘蔗育种理念,进一步加强甘蔗育种研究工作;必须加强蔗区甘蔗品种调研,进一步调整优化甘蔗品种种植结构;必须进一步加强甘蔗优良品种的引种筛选与高产示范基地建设;必须进一步加强甘蔗优良品种的繁育和推广;必须进一步加强甘蔗优良新品种配套栽培技术的培训和推广应用。这对加快推进广西优良甘蔗品种多系布局,促进广西乃至全国甘蔗产业的可持续发展必将产生深远的影响。     

《甘蔗糖业》2002年主要目次索引

文章题目甘蔗农业斑茅F2杂种选育与同工酶标记辅助选择….建设高产稳产蔗田的实践与体会………..含稀土复合肥对甘蔗产量及含糖量的影响..性诱剂迷向防治甘蔗条螟的应用………..引进甘蔗品种主要经济性状模糊综合评判..我国三大糖蔗商品生产基地自然资源比较 研究……………………………………..雷州半岛甘蔗生产机械化现状及发展对策..福建省甘蔗良种化变革的回顾与启示……..提早开榨的原料蔗生产技术探讨………..甘蔗新品种巴西4 5号对比试验…………..甘蔗新品种比较试验总结………………..蔗田杂草的发生与防除……………………..浅谈…     

第7轮国家甘蔗品种在云南保山生产示范试验的表现

2010～2012年对在第7轮国家甘蔗品种区域化比较试验中表现较好的7个参试材料和2个对照品种进行了1年新植和1年宿根的生产示范试验,结果表明:云蔗03-332、云蔗03-194的综合性状表现较好,可在我市各蔗区进行试种。粤甘26号的公顷含糖量较好,可在我市有灌溉条件的蔗区进行试种。     

我国主产区高粱的理化性质分析

为全面了解我国主要高梁品种的理化性质,对我国高梁主产区的20个优质高梁品种的物理参数和化学组分进行测定,并对单宁酸含量、直链淀粉含量等营养成分及其加工适应性进行分析.结果表明:湖南高粱、贵州仁怀高梁、湖北阳新两糯高粱均为糯高梁,其理化性质不同于非糯高粱,直链淀粉未检出,总淀粉含量较低,粗脂肪含量较高,千粒重和外观尺寸较小.辽宁朝阳辽杂12高梁和辽宁葫芦岛辽杂19高梁为白高梁,它们的单宁酸含量未检出,蛋白质含量高于所有的红高粱,是一种非常好的健康食品资源.     

国内外品种盐产品调研情况简述

根据建立起来的《制盐工业标准体系研究报告》的要求,针对目前国内品种盐生产对品种盐开发、品种盐标准制修订及质量管理的需要．借鉴国外经验以促进我国品种盐产品开发及质量的逐步提升。文章主要对当前国内外品种盐生产的发展与现状进行了较全面的论述与客观分析．提出了我国品种生产存在的问题以及今后的发展方向。     

Repeatability of Mice Consumption Discrimination of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties across Field Experiments and Mouse Cohorts

Whole grain wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) foods can provide critical nutrients for health and nutrition in the human diet. Potential flavor differences among varieties can be examined using consumption discrimination of the house mouse (Mus musculus L.) as a model system. This study examines consistency and repeatability of the mouse model and potentially, wheat grain flavor. A single elimination tournament design was used to measure relative consumption preference for hard red spring and hard white spring varieties across all 3 experiments in combination with 2 mouse cohorts. Fifteen replicate mice were used in 24‐h trials to examine differences in preference among paired wheat varieties until an overall “winner” was established as the most highly preferred variety of wheat. In all 3 experiment–cohort combinations, the same varieties were preferred as the “winner” of both the hard red spring and hard white spring wheat varieties, Hollis and BR 7030, respectively. Despite the consistent preference for these varieties across experiments, the degree (magnitude) to which the mice preferred these varieties varied across experiments. For the hard white spring wheat varieties, the small number of varieties and confounding effects of experiment and cohort limited our ability to accurately gauge repeatability. Conversely, for the hard red spring wheat varieties, consumption preferences were consistent across experiments and mice cohorts. The single‐elimination tournament model was effective in providing repeatable results in an effort to more fully understand the mouse model system and possible flavor differences among wheat varieties.     

甘蔗与不同大豆品种间套种试验总结

甘蔗间套种大豆技术在我市已被广泛应用,且取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益。甘蔗与不同大豆品种间套种试验结果表明:甘蔗与大豆套种后,可以促进甘蔗生长,并减轻自然灾害,提高蔗田收益;甘蔗与不同大豆品种套种,收益有所不同,在参试品种中,间种华春6号的纯收益最高,华春2号次之,本地种居第3位,蔗田纯收益均比单作增收效果明显。     

A CAPS Marker that Distinguishes the Barley Yellow Mosaic Disease Resistance Locus rym1 Derived from Chinese Landrace ‘Mokusekko 3’

A Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequences (CAPS) marker has been developed from a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) marker probe, MWG2134, of barley. This CAPS marker can easily distinguish varieties resistant to Barley Yellow Mosaic disease from susceptible varieties. This suggests that our CAPS marker is useful in distinguishing rym1‐carrying varieties from non‐carrying ones. The results obtained with this marker were compared with resistance tests performed on infested fields. The molecular assay corresponded well with the resistance tests in all varieties/lines and, therefore, it is helpful in distinguishing rym1 in lines in which other rym genes or quantitative trait loci are present.     

不同品种枸杞子营养成分分析及评价

测定10个枸杞品种枸杞子的3项外观指标（干果百粒质量、干果果形指数、鲜干果比）和7种营养物质含量（甜菜碱、类胡萝卜素、总糖、枸杞多糖、还原型VC、氨基酸、可溶性固形物）,进行10项品质指标的聚类分析和基于主成分分析的枸杞综合品质评价。结果显示：不同品种的枸杞子品质指标存在差异,但变异程度较低。10个枸杞品种可聚为4类,扁果枸杞聚为一类;0901、宁杞4号、宁杞7号聚为一类;蒙杞1号聚为一类;其他5个品种聚为一类。主成分分析中,将10项品质指标简化成4个主成分,其累积方差贡献率为85.87%,反映了枸杞品质的绝大部分信息;评价出0901、扁果枸杞、宁杞7号、宁杞4号4个品种的营养品质较高。     

新中国成立以来谷子育种的主要研究进展（网络首发、推荐阅读）

了解谷子育种研究发展,对指导谷子育种和研究具有重要参考意义。综述了我国谷子育种发展的几个阶段以及各阶段育种目标和代表性品种。新中国建立后到新世纪之前的谷子育种目标大致可分为2个阶段：高产育种阶段（1950—1985年）和高产多抗兼顾优质阶段（1986—2000年）。2001年之后的新世纪以来,我国谷子育种目标和育种手段发生了重大变化,大致分为3个阶段：（1）2001—2008年的第一阶段突破了优质与高产的矛盾,育成了一级优质的冀谷19、长农35号,在区域试验中产量较高产对照增产10%以上;育成了第一个抗烯禾啶除草剂杂交种张杂谷3号、第一个抗烯禾啶除草剂多系品种冀谷25。（2）2009—2018年的第二阶段突破了光温敏感限制,育成了在4个生态区均能应用的优质广适品种豫谷18;区域试验参试品种50%抗除草剂,并育成冀谷39、金苗K1、张杂谷13等聚合优质、广适、抗除草剂、适合机械化生产等优良性状的突破性品种;育成抗咪唑乙烟酸、抗烟嘧磺隆的新型抗除草剂品种,高谷蛋白品种、高抗性淀粉品种等专用品种。（3）2018年之后的第三阶段区域试验中抗除草剂品种占89%,育成了抗嘧草硫醚新型除草剂品种;同时抗除草剂品种得到广泛应用,全国年推广面积前5位的谷子品种有4个为抗除草剂类型;生物育种取得初步进展,建立了谷子高效遗传转化体系,分子标记辅助育成高油酸品种,基因编辑创制出单倍体诱导系等新材料。     

A Qualitative Approach for the Assessment of the Genetic Stability of the MON 810 Trait in Commercial Seed Maize Varieties

Maize MON 810 is one of the European Union’s (EU) authorized genetically modified organisms (GMO) for placing on the food and feed market. The total number of MON 810 varieties registered in the European Common Catalogue of varieties of agricultural plant species has almost tripled since 2005. One of the requirements described in EU legislation, namely the genetic stability of GM seed varieties, was thus assessed by analyzing the intactness of the entire MON 810 integration and its genotypic stability in commercial varieties available on the market for at least the last 2 years. A combined strategy using qualitative analytical methods made possible to determine the presence/absence of the individual genetic elements and of the whole GM construct. The restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns obtained from amplified whole constructs by long polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were compared side by side. CryIA(b) protein expression levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Twenty-four out of the 26 analyzed varieties met the expected stability features. One variety gave negative results in all assays, and one variety contained the necessary genetic elements for expressing CryIA(b) protein although giving negative results for the long PCR product. To our knowledge, this study is the first post-marketing stability analysis performed on GM commercial seed varieties.     

Oviposition choice and larval development of the seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) on three cowpea varieties

The life-history traits of the most important storage pest of cowpea seeds Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) were examined on the basis of oviposition preference and adult emergence on three cowpea varieties Baye Ngagne, Mame Fama and Ndiaga Aw. Fecundity and emergence rate were assessed by using both free choice and no-choice scenarios.Our results showed that, when females were in no-choice scenarios, they did not demonstrate any preferences for oviposition. In contrast, in choice scenarios, there was significant difference for oviposition between the three varieties: Mame Fama was the most preferred (fecundity rate = 30.50), while Ndiaga Aw was the least preferred (fecundity rate = 19.85). Further, in both no-choice and choice scenarios, adult emergences were significantly different between the three varieties, the emergence rates were higher on Baye Ngagne and Mame Fama varieties, than on Ndiaga Aw variety. Even though in an indirect way, our results provide a chemical and biological explanation to the observed farmer preference for the Ndiaga Aw variety. This study is also an important contribution to the construction of knowledge necessary to better understand the life-history traits of this pest and hopefully help its control.