壳聚糖改性静电纺聚砜纤维膜对染料的过滤性能

为提高静电纺聚砜(PSF)纤维膜的亲水性、力学性能及其对可溶性染料的过滤性能,采用戊二醛交联壳聚糖溶液浸轧处理静电纺PSF纤维膜。研究了纤维膜的表面润湿性、力学性能及其在0.1 MPa恒压死端过滤条件下对分散蓝2BLN和弱酸性蓝N-RL的过滤性能。研究结果表明:处理后的静电纺PSF纤维膜的表面润湿性和力学性能均得到显著改善;未经处理的静电纺PSF纤维膜和体积分数为0.4%戊二醛交联壳聚糖溶液处理纤维膜对分散蓝2BLN的截留率都能达到94%以上,对弱酸性蓝N-RL的截留率都小于35%,但都能保持较高的过滤通量;而体积分数为0.48%戊二醛交联壳聚糖溶液处理纤维膜对分散蓝2BLN和弱酸性蓝N-RL的过滤效率分别为99.5%和92.4%,但是过滤通量急剧下降。     

静电纺PA 6纳米纤维膜的力学性能研究

利用静电纺丝可形成由纳米级纤维组成的纳米纤维膜,由于该膜孔径小并具有高比表面积和高孔隙率,可用作组织工程支架、传感器感知膜、过滤材料和防护材料等。静电纺纳米纤维膜的力学性能对其适用性和耐用性有重要影响。以PA 6甲酸溶液进行静电纺丝,研究了纺丝液喂入速度和纺丝距离对静电纺PA 6纳米纤维膜力学性能的影响。结果表明:纺丝液喂入速度较低时,形成的纳米纤维膜力学性能差;纺丝距离增大时,纳米纤维膜的断裂强度降低;PA 6溶解于98%甲酸中配制成13%(质量分数)纺丝液,在喷嘴口径0.9 mm、电压30 kV下进行静电纺丝,纺丝液喂入速度在0.2～0.3 ml/h、纺丝距离为8～10 cm时可获得具有良好力学性能的PA 6纳米纤维膜。     

静电纺聚酰胺6/聚酰胺66纤维膜对染料的过滤性能

为将具有高表面吸附能和高孔隙率的静电纺纳米纤维膜作为一种新型膜材料应用于染料废水处理,以达到高效过滤染料的目的,研究了在0.1 MPa恒压死端过滤条件下静电纺聚酰胺6/聚酰胺66(PA6/PA66)纤维膜对质量浓度为0.1 g/L分散蓝2BLN悬浮液和弱酸性蓝N-RL水溶液的过滤效果,通过SEM、孔径分析测试仪、纳米粒径测试仪和紫外-可见分光光度仪观察及测试,分析了静电纺PA6/PA66纤维膜的表面形态、孔隙结构、染料粒径分布及对染料截留性能的影响。结果表明,连续过滤1 h后,静电纺PA6/PA66纤维膜的表面均沉积一层致密的滤饼,对分散蓝2BLN的截留率达95.6%,对弱酸性蓝N-RL的截留率仅为35.1%,但是对2类染料的过滤通量相差不大。     

静电纺聚酰胺纳米纤维复合织物制备工艺优化

为提高纳米纤维膜与织物的界面结合力，优化静电纺纳米纤维复合机织物制备工艺，考察了接收基材织物的导电性、聚酰胺56(PA56)纺丝液浓度、接收基材种类对纤维膜表面形貌的影响，以及接收基材对复合织物黏附性的影响。结果表明：PA56最佳静电纺丝液质量分数为12%～18%;接收性较好的基材为棉、粘胶织物；抗静电处理可提升涤纶织物对纳米纤维的沉积性能；不使用黏合剂，静电纺膜梯度沉积法可提升纳米纤维与织物间的界面结合力；以棉织物为基材、PA56低质量分数(6%,10～20 min)纳米纤维膜为中间层、PA56高质量分数(15%, 40 min)纳米纤维膜为表层的复合织物，其剥离强力比常规沉积法提升2～3倍。     

静电纺聚酰胺6纳米蛛网纤维膜的可控制备

纳米蛛网纤维膜由普通静电纺纤维和类似蜘蛛网形态的超细蛛网纤维组成.采用静电纺丝工艺在不同聚酰胺6(PA 6)和氯化钡质量分数条件下制备纳米蛛网纤维膜.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察纤维膜的表观形貌,计算纳米纤维直径、蛛网纤维直径和蛛网覆盖率.结果表明:随着PA6质量分数的提高,纳米纤维和蛛网纤维的直径均逐渐增大,适中...     

TSF/CS复合纳米纤维的制备及后处理研究

以三氟乙酸(TFA)为溶剂,纺制了壳聚糖(CS)、柞蚕丝素/壳聚糖(TSF/CS)纳米纤维,并用甲醇、乙醇处理纳米纤维,观察其微观形态的改变。先配制不同质量分数的CS溶液,通过静电纺丝技术纺制CS纳米纤维,用扫描电镜(SEM)对样品进行形貌观察和分析,在本试验条件下获得形貌良好的CS纳米纤维的最佳溶解时间为1～1.5 d,最佳质量CS分数为2%。以TFA为溶剂,将溶解1.5 d的10%TSF溶液和2%CS溶液按一定的配比混合,通过静电纺丝技术纺制/CS复合纳米纤维,当混合比2∶2时,纤维形态外观最佳。经过甲醇和乙醇处理后,纳米纤维出现不同程度的粘连。研究结果可为生物医学材料和组织工程支架提供理论支持。     

剑麻纤维的脱胶工艺及可纺性研究

探讨脱胶后剑麻纤维的可纺性能。采用化学脱胶法对剑麻进行处理,以残胶率、纤维直径和断裂强力为指标,分析了双氧水浓度、双氧水处理温度和时间、硫酸与氢氧化钠处理浓度和时间对剑麻脱胶工艺的影响,并纺制了剑麻混纺纱。试验结果表明:最佳处理工艺为浴比1∶50,20 g/L的质量分数30%双氧水于60℃下处理1 h,质量分数8%硫酸溶液于常温下处理24 h,5 g/L氢氧化钠于90℃下处理2 h,所得剑麻纤维残胶率为5.45%,纤维直径和断裂强力分别为84.58μm、175.55 cN。认为:脱胶后的剑麻纤维具有一定的可纺性,可用于纺制剑麻混纺纱。     

高通量亲水聚砜超细纤维膜的制备与性能

采用戊二醛交联壳聚糖溶液浸轧处理经氧气等离子体处理后的静电纺聚砜超细纤维膜,研究戊二醛体积百分比对处理后纤维膜的孔隙结构、亲水性、力学性能和纯水通量的影响。结果表明:经戊二醛交联壳聚糖溶液浸轧处理后,纤维膜的孔径明显变小,亲水性和拉伸力学性能得到显著改善。最佳戊二醛体积百分比为0.40%,此时处理后纤维膜仍具有发达的孔隙结构,平均孔径为2.62μm,力学性能显著增强,纤维膜由疏水转变为亲水,且纯水通量为(1 624.7±189.5)L/(m~2·h)。     

漏斗式喷气静电纺聚乙烯吡咯烷酮纳米纤维膜的制备及其表征

为克服传统静电纺丝生产效率低、纺丝过程难以控制、针头易堵塞等问题,实现高效制备高质量纳米纤维膜,在气泡静电纺的基础上,提出了漏斗式喷气静电纺丝技术。以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）溶液为纺丝液,通过漏斗式喷气静电纺技术成功地制备了高质量的PVP 纳米纤维膜,并运用控制变量法分析了溶液质量分数、表面活性剂质量分数和施加电压等对纤维膜形貌和质量的影响。结果表明：当纺丝溶液中PVP 质量分数为32%,纺丝电压为60 kV,表面活性剂质量分数为0.1%时,获得的PVP 纳米纤维膜综合性能最佳,其表面形貌良好,纤维直径较细且直径分布较均匀。     

超吸水静电纺纤维毡的制备及性能研究

采用过硫酸钾作为引发剂,通过自由基聚合将丙烯酸、丙烯酰胺共聚,接着加入戊二醛制成纺丝原液,再通过静电纺丝工艺制备纤维毡,然后在150℃下经4 h的戊二醛热交联获得超吸水静电纺纤维毡。采用傅里叶红外光谱仪研究超吸水静电纺纤维毡的纤维表面化学结构,采用扫描电镜研究不同纺丝电压、不同推进速度对超吸水静电纺纤维毡的表面形貌及纤维直径的影响,采用称重法研究纤维直径及其分布对超吸水静电纺纤维毡的吸液性能和保水性能的影响。结果表明:当纺丝电压为20 kV、推进速度为15.0μL/min时,纤维可纺性好且成纤均匀,所得超吸水静电纺纤维毡对去离子水和质量分数为0.9%的NaCl溶液的吸液倍率分别达到116和94,且30℃下保水性能良好。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.