浅析粮食物流中的集装箱运输

本文主要阐述了粮食集装箱运输的优势与特性,并探讨了适合粮食运输的集装箱形式,介绍了散粮专用集装箱和运输通道选择,指出了粮食集装箱运输中存在的问题和缺陷,并提出了开展散粮集装箱运输的几点建议.     

散粮集装箱装卸运输的现状及技术发展研究

简要论述了当前国内外散粮集装箱装卸运输的现状,介绍了散粮集装箱装卸的相关技术。散粮集装箱装卸的设备主要有3种：移动式散粮集装箱散粮装车输送车、移动式集装箱抛粮机和移动式吸粮机。不同设备的结构、装卸流程和特点不同,其装卸工艺也不同。郑州某设计院的方案,能够降低增碎率,减少洒粮,提高装满系数和装卸效率。     

我国散粮集装箱运输标准体系构建研究

集装箱运输已成为目前我国新型现代化粮食物流体系的重要组成部分，具有便捷、高效、灵活等特点。现以国内外散粮集装箱运输及标准分析为基础，对构建集装箱散粮运输标准体系进行探讨，提出标准体系建设目标、原则和思路，设计散粮集装箱运输标准体系框架，并对各要素进行分析，以期为解决粮食集装箱运输存在问题提供借鉴，为保障我国粮食安全奠定基础。     

一种新型的散粮集装箱多工位集中卸箱站的研究

随着我国散粮集装箱运输物流技术的现代化发展,集装箱散粮流通中的大部分环节均有了成熟高效的自动化实施设备。散粮集装箱运输过程中的卸箱环节作为整个流通的终点,也是关键点。良好的散粮卸箱技术装备对促进散粮集装箱运输现代化发展具有一定的经济和社会效益。本文主要介绍了新型的散粮集装箱多工位集中卸箱站的工作原理及结构、示范应用。     

中瑞散粮运输新技术研讨会成功举办

由国家粮食局等单位主办的中瑞散粮运输新技术研讨会目前在郑州召开。会议的主要内容是研讨散粮汽车及接收、发放系统的合理使用；沿海港口、内河码头吸粮机、粮库散粮装卸输送技术，集装箱运输技术，铁路散粮运输的现状与发展趋势；交流粮食现代物流体系建设的进展和经验；展示散粮运输新技术新设备及物流园区建设新成果，参观散粮汽车运输接收发放现场。     

集装箱散粮运输技术现状和发展趋势

分析了适合集装箱散粮运输的箱型,相关的装卸工艺和设备,以及采用集装箱进行散粮运输应该注意的事项.     

移动式汽车散粮装车机及散粮汽车卸车装置研究

就我国目前发展状况而言,粮食生产大体情况较为稳定,粮食产量处于较为合理的范围内,粮食年生产能力较强。但与我国粮食生产情况较好的现状不同的是,我国粮食运输以及装卸方面仍旧存在诸多不足,需要及时进行改进以适应越来越高的粮食运输要求。本文探讨了散粮集装箱装卸运输的特点及优劣性,以期对粮食装卸运输提供一定的借鉴。     

集装箱散粮装箱机在粮食流通中的应用

分析了集装箱散粮运输的趋势与优点,当前集装箱散粮装卸设备,介绍了一种更加高效的集装箱散粮装箱设备。     

正昌集团亮相郑州散粮运输新技术研讨会

为贯彻《粮食现代物流发展规划》,推广汽车散粮运输技术,提升散粮运输装卸技术水平,研讨交流物流建设经验,促进粮食现代物流健康发展,国家粮食局组织粮食行业相关单位代表300余人,于2008年4月14-15日在郑州市召开了“中瑞散粮运输新技术研讨会”。     

汽车卸粮除尘问题的探讨

现在我国粮食加工厂、粮库来粮使用散装卸粮车日趋普遍,有利于提高装卸运输效率。但汽车卸粮时粉尘飞扬十分严重,除尘问题一直没有得到较好解决。本文拟就以下最常见的汽车散装卸粮系统分析粉尘飞扬的原因,提出解决除尘的办法。一、卸粮时卸粮坑内产生的突发性排气量汽车卸粮的特点是时间短,一车厢粮食可在若干秒钟内卸完(北京实测为10秒左右)。在如此短暂的时间内,把车载粮食     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.