花菇多糖的提取工艺优化

采用中心组合实验对花菇水溶性和碱溶性多糖的提取工艺进行了优化。实验结果表明：花菇水溶性多糖的最佳提取条件为提取温度94．34℃，提取时间为3．5h，料液比为1：61．88，在此条件下花菇中水溶性多糖得率最高达到6．78％；花菇碱溶性多糖的最佳提取条件为碱NaOH浓度为1．816mol／L，提取时间为1．7h，料液比为1：60，此时花菇中碱溶性多糖得率最高可达到3．95％。     

响应面法优化赤灵芝中碱溶性多糖的提取工艺

以赤灵芝为原料提取碱溶性多糖,比较了浸提时间、温度、NaOH浓度、液料比及提取次数对碱溶性多糖提取率的影响,并以浸提时间、温度、NaOH浓度以及液料比为考察因素,采用RSA响应面分析法,确定了碱溶性多糖提取的最佳工艺参数,即液料比20mL/g,浸提温度60℃,浸提时间2h,NaOH质量浓度5%。在此优化工艺下碱溶性多糖提取率预测值为19.63%,验证实验中实际测得碱溶性多糖提取率为19.61%,预测值与实际值无显著差异。     

碱溶性油茶籽饼粕多糖的提取工艺研究

采用油茶籽饼粕为原料,先用热水浸提,再进一步用减法提取碱溶性油茶籽饼粕多糖,应用正交试验优化碱溶性油茶籽饼粕多糖的提取工艺。在单因素分析的基础上,研究不同料液比、温度、碱浓度、时间对多糖得率的影响。结果表明：碱溶性油茶籽饼粕多糖提取的最佳工艺条件是料液比为1：30,提取温度为90℃,碱浓度为0.4mol.L-1,提取时间为2h。在此条件下多糖得率达到8.25%。     

米糠半纤维素提取工艺参数的研究（Ⅰ）

以工业脱脂米糖为原料提取米糠水溶性半纤维素及碱溶性半纤维素，是米糠综合利用的又一有效途径。提出了适合于工业化生产的分步提取途径。研究结果表明：水溶性半纤维素的最佳提取工艺参数为：料液比为１：１０，３ｈ，６０℃；碱溶性半纤维提取工艺参数为：料液比为１：１０，４ｈ，２５℃，碱液浓度为１．０Ｎ。在上述工艺条件下，水溶性半纤维素和碱溶性半纤维素的提取率分别为１．４３％和９．０２％《     

米糠多糖的提取条件及其沉淀特性研究

研究不同的提取温度，提取时间和提取pH值等对米糠多糖提取率的影响。采用响应面分析的方法得到米糠多糖的最佳提取条件为：温度80．5℃，时间1.3h,pH值4．93。并在此基础上，比较了乙醇质量分数和提取液pH对米糠多糖沉淀特性的影响。     

碱溶性菜籽多糖的提取条件优化及体外抗氧化活性研究

本实验采用氢氧化钠提取菜籽饼粕中的多糖,选定提取温度、浸提液浓度、提取时间三因素三水平进行中心组合试验,建立了菜籽多糖提取的二次回归方程。通过SAS软件做响应面分析以及岭嵴分析得到菜籽多糖氢氧化钠提取的最佳条件。试验结果表明,当提取工艺条件为:提取温度93.7℃,浸提液浓度1.124mol/L,提取时间2.3h,其多糖含量为11.59%。并对碱溶性菜籽多糖进行了体外抗氧化活性研究,表明菜籽多糖有一定抗氧化生物活性。     

茯苓多糖的提取及其结构表征

比较水提、酶解水提等提取方法对水溶性多糖提取率的影响;以提取温度、碱浓度、酶活力作为影响因素进行正交试验设计,并用苯酚－硫酸法测定所提多糖的多糖含量,确定茯苓碱溶性多糖的最佳提取方法。采用纸层析分析、红外光谱等方法表征所提多糖的结构。     

碱溶性银耳粗多糖的提取及其清除自由基作用的研究

本实验研究了碱溶性银耳粗多糖(crude alkai-soluble tremella polysaccharide,CATP)的提取及其清除自由基的作用。利用响应面软件进行实验设计,确定最佳提取方案为:提取时间3.56h,NaOH浓度0.76mol/L,液固比81.89。同时考察了碱溶性银耳粗多糖和水溶性银耳粗多糖(tremella polysaccharide,TP)对DPPH(二苯代苦肼基自由基)、羟基自由基、超氧自由基的清除作用。结果表明,碱溶性银耳粗多糖具有良好的抗氧化能力,并且随着多糖浓度的增高抗氧化性增强。     

猴头菌细胞壁多糖的提取和其结构特征

以猴头菌子实体残渣为试验材料,研究了残渣粉粹时间及提取用溶剂对其细胞壁多糖提取得率和结构特征的影响。研究发现粉碎时间延长可增加水溶性细胞壁多糖的得率,但多糖含量会降低,粉粹时间对水溶性细胞壁多糖的绝对重均分子质量分布及单糖组成影响较大,最佳粉碎时间为15 min。Na OH浓度的增加可提高碱溶性细胞壁多糖的得率和含量,但免疫活性降低,最适的Na OH浓度为0.5 mol/L。粉碎水提、碱提两种方式得到的细胞壁多糖均能够显著刺激小鼠巨噬细胞释放NO,具有较好的体外免疫活性;比较水溶性细胞壁多糖与碱溶性细胞壁多糖的结构差异,发现水溶性细胞壁多糖绝对重均分子质量远大于碱溶性细胞壁多糖。碱溶性细胞壁多糖只含有葡萄糖,而水溶性细胞壁多糖还含有一定量的半乳糖,且葡萄糖与半乳糖之间的摩尔比值约为4∶1。优选获得了猴头菌细胞壁多糖的高效制备方法,明确了猴头菌水溶性与碱溶性细胞壁多糖结构特征间的差异。     

超声波及匀浆技术在米糠多糖和米糠蛋白提取中的应用研究

研究了超声波和匀浆破碎技术在从米糠粕中提取米糠多糖和蛋白的应用，详细考察了超声波功率和时间以及匀浆转速和时间对米糠多糖和蛋白的提取率的影响．并结合已有的研究成果进行正交试验设计，确定米糠多糖和蛋白的提取条件为提取温度60℃，提取总时间3h，超声波处理时间20min，液料比1：15（w／v），匀浆预处理的转速为10000r／min，时间5min。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.     

National Development and Reform Commission Issued Announcement for Selection of Major Preliminary Research Projects for the "13~(th) Five-Year Plan"

In Apri Commi major p Plan＂ （h 2014, the National Development and Reform ssion issued an announcement for selection of reliminary research projects for the ＂13th Five-Year ereafter referred to as ＂The Announcement＂）     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the latest scientific     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,