多倍体甜菜新品种中甜──双丰319的选育

多倍体甜菜新品种中甜──双丰319是由双丰416（母本）和双丰8号（父本）杂交选育而成。该品种块根产量、含糖率较高，抗褐血病性强。在1993～1995年黑龙江省区域试验中地对照品种平均块根产量、含糖率、产糖量分别提高4．3％、0．5°S和8．28％。在1995～1997年黑龙江省生产试验中，块根产量、产糖量比对照提高10．8％和10．3％，食糖率持平。该品种品质优良，与对照品种甜研302比较，含糖率提高0．5°S，α—氨基氮、钾、钠含量分别低19．3％、31．5％和15．9％。     

甜菜新品种吉甜205的选育

甜菜新品种吉甜２０５是由ＳＢ－１０２、ＳＣ－２０３两个自交系杂交而成的二倍体品种。该品种块根产量较高，含糖性状稳定，抗（耐）褐斑病能力强。在吉林省区域试验表现块根产量、含糖率、产糖量分别比对照品种范育一号提高１０．２％，０．５度、１３．５％，在吉林省生产示范块根产量、含糖率、产糖量分别比范育一号提高２８．５％、０．５度、３７．４％。是一个抗褐斑病能力较强、标准偏丰产型甜菜新品种。     

甜菜新品种——吉甜209的选育

甜菜新品种吉甜209以多粒雄性不育系为母本，以二倍体品系为父本，采取5：1配比杂交育成。该品种经1996-1999年省内甜菜品种区域试验，1998-1999年生产试验，表现为适应性广，抗病能力强，块根产量高、产糖量高等优点。区域试验结果：块根产量比吉甜201(对照品种)增产18．45％，含糖低0．36度，产糖量比吉甜201提高15．84％。吉甜209属于丰产型雄性不育二倍体杂交品种，2001年通过吉林省农作物品种审定委员会审定并命。     

优良单胚甜菜新品种工大甜单1号的选育

甜菜新品种工大甜单1号是利用单胚型不育系与异型保持系单交，获得的不育系再与二倍体授粉系杂交育成的二倍体单胚品种。该品种2002-2003年参加黑龙江省甜菜品种区域试验，产量结果表现突出，根产量比对照品种甜研304提高8．0％，含糖率降低0．12度，产糖量提高6．9％。工大甜单1号在生产试验中，根产量比对照品种甜研304提高12．85％，含糖率降低-0．025度，产糖量提高12．6％。工大甜单1号是近年来含糖率较高的单胚品种。     

德国糖用甜菜SD12830引种研究报告

SD12830是从以二倍体单粒雄性不育系Nx12＊P6为母本,二倍体多粒授粉系＊U23为父本．按母、父本3：1比例配制杂交育成。经两年在甘肃省各甜菜原料产区试验表明：SD12830与对照品种相比．平均块根产量增加21．0％,平均含糖率比对照品种提高0．72度,平均产糖量比对照品种增加26．2％：生产试验结果表明：平均块根产量比当地品种增产22．0％,平均含糖率比当地对照品种提高0．44度,平均产糖量比当地对照品种增加26．0％;该品种块根产量高,含糖稳定,糖汁纯度高,工艺品质好,抗甜菜丛根病、褐斑病、黄化毒病能力强,达到甘肃省甜菜新品种标准。     

引德国甜菜ST21916的选育

甜菜二倍体多粒雄性不育杂交种ST21916是德国斯特儒博公司选育,2009年由武威三农种业科技有限公司引进甘肃,经2009 - 2011年参加甘肃甜菜品种区域试验,平均块根产量比对照甘糖五号增加22％,平均含糖率比对照提高0.33度,平均产糖量比对照增加24％.在2011年生产试验中,平均块根产量、含糖率和产糖量分别比对照增加22％、0.06度、22％,该品种丰产、含糖率稳定,抗(耐)甜菜丛根病、黄化毒病和褐斑病.2012年1月通过甘肃省农作物品种审定委员会审(认)定.     

德国甜菜品种KWS0149引种试验

德国甜菜品种KWS0149是内蒙古甜菜种子公司引进的二倍体杂交种。2002和2003年参加内蒙古自治区甜菜品种区域试验（抗（耐）丛根病组）。块根产量分别比对照甜研303增加276．1％和263．4％,含糖率分别比对照增加0．24度和1．41度,产糖量分别比对照增加274．6％和293．6％,病情指数分别比对照降低0．13和0．09。2004年,KWS0149参加生产试验,块根产量、含糖率、产糖量分别比对照增加147．7％、2．28度、172．4％,病情指数为0．14。试验表明,KWS0149的各项指标均达到甜菜品种审定规定的要求,2005年4月2日通过内蒙古农作物品种审定委员会审定。     

甜菜新品种新甜17号的选育

新甜17号是甜菜遗传单粒三倍体杂交种。在2003～2004年新疆维吾尔自治区甜菜品种区域试验中，12点次的平均块根产量为80175kg／hm^2，比对照品种KWS5075增产2．2％；平均含糖率为14．82％，比对照提高1．11度；平均产糖量为11778．0kg／hm^2，比对照增产10．4％。该品种抗褐斑病、根腐病性强，2006年通过新疆农作物品种审定委员会审定命名。     

低聚果糖的生产与应用

甜菜二倍体新品种中甜－包育202,是在系统选育的同时,利用了生理选种的相关知识育成的普通二倍体杂交种。该品种较褐斑病和黄化毒病,在1996－1998年的轻工全国甜菜品种区域试验中,其块根产量,含糖率和产糖量比对照分别高19．67％,1．61度和36．93％;在1999年的生产试验中,分别比对照提高9．3％,1．01度和16．3％。     

甜菜多倍体新品种双丰309的选育

甜菜多倍体新品种双丰309由四倍体双丰416的3个系号与二倍体双丰8号杂交育成，属于工艺品质优良的标准型多粒种多倍体品种。其糖汁纯度较对照品种双丰8号提高3～6个百分点，α-氨基氮含量低27．2％，钠含量低16％，糖份回收率提高5个百分点。该品种在黑龙江省甜菜品区域试验及生产示范中，其平均块根产量、含糖率和产糖量比统一对照品种双丰8号（CK）提高10．9～11．5％、0．21～0．44度和12．9～14．3％。在全国甜菜品种区域试验中，块根产量比当地对照品种提高13．3％，含糖率提高0．6度，产糖量提高18．9％。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性

为研究低温带皮菜籽粕微粉的不同粒级部分的功能特性,以经低温脱脂的带皮菜籽粕为原料,经微粉碎后筛分成212~425μm、150~212μm和106~150μm的3个不同粒级的微粉样品,检测这些样品的吸水性、吸油性、乳化性和乳化稳定性、蛋白质体外消化率。结果表明:1 3个不同粒级的微粉样品之间的粗纤维含量存在显著差异,表明三者的结构组成成分有一定差异。23个微粉样品的乳化活性和乳化稳定性随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。33个微粉样品的蛋白质体外消化率随粒度级别的减小而显著增加(P0.01)。4不同粒级带皮菜籽粕微粉样品的吸水性与吸油性受其结构组成物质不同和粒度的双重影响,与粒度的相关性不明显。     

Microbiology of food taints

Fresh and processed foods are often spoilt by the presence of undesirable flavours and odours caused by microbial action. The aim of this paper is to review the current knowledge of microbiologically induced taints that occur in a wide range of foodstuffs, including meats, poultry, fish, crustaceans, milk, dairy products, fruits, vegetables, cereals and cereal products. Examples have been chosen where the compounds responsible for the taint have been identified and sufficient data obtained to demonstrate the involvement of microorganisms. However, in some cases the full identity of the causative organism may not have been elucidated. The types of microorganisms covered by this review include bacteria, fungi, yeasts, actinomycetes and cyanobacteria. Although cyanobacteria do not in general infect foods, their presence in aqueous systems and water supplies can lead to off-flavours in aquatic organisms and processed foodstuffs. Several examples of each of these processes are discussed. Wherever possible, the likely biosynthetic pathway used by the microorganism to produce the offending compound in a foodstuff is indicated.     

Analysis for organic residues from aids to polymerization used to make plastics intended for food contact

Polymers intended for food contact use have been analysed for organic residues which could be attributed to a range of substances employed as polymerization aids (e.g. initiators and catalysts). A wide range of polymers was extracted with solvents and the extracts analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The overwhelming majority of substances identified were not derived from aids to polymerization but were oligomers, additives and adventitious contaminants. However, a small number of substances were identified as initiator residues. These included tetramethylsuccinonitrile (TMSN) which was observed in two polymers and it derived from recombination of two azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) initiator radicals. Methyl benzoate, benzoic acid, biphenyl and phenyl benzoate were detected in one poly(methyl methacrylate) sample and in two polyvinylchlorides and they are thought to be derived from benzoyl peroxide initiator. TMSN was subsequently targeted for analysis of poly-(methyl methacrylate) plastics using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry (¹     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part II: Medium molecular weight permeants

Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of different medium molecular weight model permeants: bisphenol A, warfarin and anthracene, from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 microns-thick orientated polypropylene--OPP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. The characterization of permeation kinetics generally observed the permeation models previously reported to explain the experimental permeation results obtained for a low molecular weight group of model permeants. In general, the model permeants exhibited behaviour consistent with their relative molecular weights with respect to (a) the time taken to attain steady-state permeation into the food simulant in which they were more soluble, (b) their subsequent steady-state permeation rates, and (c) their partition between liquid paraffin and the OPP membrane.     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. I: Interlaboratory studies of methods of analysis

This paper describes the first part of a project undertaken to develop mussel reference materials for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins. Two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin (STX) and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin (dc-STX) in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the second part of the project: the certification exercise. In the first study, 18 laboratories were asked to measure STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and to identify as many other PSP toxins as possible with a method of their choice. In the second interlaboratory study, 15 laboratories were additionally asked to determine quantitatively STX and dc-STX in rehydrated lyophilized mussel and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The first study revealed that three out of four postcolumn derivatization methods and one pre-column derivatization method sufficed in principle to determine STX and dc-STX. Most participants (13 of 18) obtained acceptable calibration curves and recoveries. Saxitoxin was hardly detected in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels and results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 58% at a mass fraction of 1.86 mg/kg. Most participants (14 out of 18) identified gonyautoxin-5 (GTX-5) in a hydrolysed extract provided. The first study led to provisional criteria for linearity, recovery and separation. The second study revealed that 6 out of 15 laboratories were able to meet these criteria. Results obtained for dc-STX yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 3.49mg/kg. Results obtained for STX in the saxitoxin-enriched material yielded a CV of 19% at a mass fraction of 0.34mg/kg. Saxitoxin could not be detected in the PSP-positive material. Hydrolysis was useful to confirm the identity of GTX5 and provided indicative information about C1 and C2 toxins in the PSP-positive material. The methods used in the second interlaboratory study showed sufficiently consistent analysis results to undertake a certification exercise to assign certified values for STX and dc-STX in lyophilized mussel.     

The Ministry of Environmental Protection Issued "Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Control in Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry (Trial)" and Two Other Guiding Technical Documents

On December 27t＂, 2013, the Ministry of Environmenta Protection announced that, in order to implement ＂The Environmental Protection Law of the People＇ s Republic of China＂, improve the working system in environmenta protection technologies, and promote technologica advancement in pollution prevention, the Ministry of Environmental Protection sponsored the formulation of three guiding technical documents including ＂Feasible Technology Guidelines for Pollution Prevention and Contro n Wood Pulping Process of the Paper Industry （Trial）＂     

1~(st) Intelli-Tissue~ EcoEc Tissue Machine Supplied by PMP Group Successfully Put into Operation in China

正On April 29th,2014,Intelli-Tissue EcoEc tissue machine supplied by PMP Group successfully put into operation at Hebei Xuesong Paper Co.,Ltd.,this is the first such kind of paper machine of PMP Group in China.