氢氧化钠-硫脲水溶液对纤维素纤维松厚性能的影响研究

利用氢氧化钠-硫脲水溶液处理漂白竹材硫酸盐化学浆(低温条件下),以求在保证纤维素纤维成纸强度性能的前提下改善其松厚性能,通过单因素试验探究最佳处理工艺。结果表明:在用碱量8%(以氢氧化钠计)、处理浓度15%、浸渍时间10min、冷冻时间70min的条件下,该体系对纤维素纤维松厚性能的改善效果最佳。处理后纤维成纸松厚度提高21.7%,抗张指数和耐破指数分别降低7.30%和8.16%,而纤维形态和成纸断面形态的变化更为明显。     

基于碱脲溶剂体系胶化作用的湿强纸的制备

在低温及中高浓度条件下,利用氢氧化钠 硫脲水溶液浸渍处理由漂白硫酸盐慈竹浆抄造的纸张,经冷冻及洗涤后制备湿强纸,通过单因素实验探究碱浓、浸渍时间、冷冻温度、冷冻时间和洗涤时间等因素对纸张强度性能的影响,并利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、X射线衍射仪、热重分析仪、核磁共振波谱仪和扫描电子显微镜表征处理前后纸张性能的变化情况。结果表明,在碱浓7%、浸渍时间3 s、冷冻温度-7℃、冷冻时间15 min、洗涤时间15 min的处理条件下,制得的湿强纸强度性能最好。与处理前原纸相比,在该条件下处理后纸张的干抗张指数提高了66%,干耐破指数提高了183%,湿抗张指数提高了321%,湿耐破指数提高了980%;同时处理后纸张中单根纤维的含量显著降低,且处理前后纸张纤维的官能团结构、无定形区和结晶区结构、热力学性能以及碳骨架结构均没有明显变化。     

碱脲体系对高得率浆淀粉增强性能的影响

使用氢氧化钠-硫脲-尿素-水溶液预处理漂白阔叶木化学热磨机械浆,促进纤维之间的结合及纤维表面淀粉的留着以提高纸张强度。通过单因素实验,评估淀粉用量、纸浆浓度、用碱量、冷冻时间对纸张强度的影响情况并探究最佳工艺条件。当淀粉用量为15%、纸浆浓度为15%、用碱量为7%、冷冻时间为45m i n时,该化机浆的增强效果最明显,在打浆度相当的前提下,成纸抗张指数、耐破指数都均较大提升,但耐折度没有明显变化。     

碱脲体系对纤维素纤维松厚性能的影响研究

利用氢氧化钠-硫脲-尿素水溶液在-10℃的条件下处理漂白硫酸盐化学浆,以求在保证纤维强度的前提下提高纤维松厚度,利用红外光谱仪、X-射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜表征处理前后纤维微观性能的变化情况。结果表明,在纤维浓度15%、浸渍时间10min、冷冻时间75min、用碱量9%的条件下,上述目标可以实现。与原纤维相比,处理后纤维成纸的松厚度可提高21%,而纤维强度无明显变化,此外处理后纤维的成纸断面形态变化明显,而其它微观性能无明显变化。     

绿竹改良APMP制浆的研究

对绿竹改良APMP制浆工艺进行研究,通过对影响预处理,预浸渍以及漂白工艺的各因素进行分析研究,得出：影响化学预处理的主要因素是温度和Na2SO3用量,其最佳工艺为Na2SO3 10%,NaOH用量2%,保温时间120min,温度130℃;预浸渍最佳工艺为H2O2用量3%,NaOH用量4%,温度70℃,时间60 min,EDTA用量0.1%,Na2SiO3用量4%,MgSO4用量0.05%,浸渍浆浓20%;最佳漂白工艺为H2O2用量3%,NaOH用量1%,温度70℃,时间80 min,EDTA用量0.1%,Na2SiO3用量4%,MgSO4用量0.05%,漂白浆浓25%。在最佳工艺条件下,可以得到APMP浆得率为74.24%,成纸裂断长为3.15 km,撕裂指数为5.83 mN.m2/g,白度为62.4%ISO。     

氢氧化钠-尿素水溶液处理对麦草浆纸张强度性能的影响

利用氢氧化钠-尿素水溶液在低温条件下处理漂白麦草化学浆成纸,通过单因素试验探求碱浓度、浸渍时间、冷冻温度和冷冻时间等因素对纸张强度性能的影响,并利用红外光谱仪、X-射线衍射仪以及扫描电子显微镜表征处理前后纸张微观结构的变化。结果表明:在碱浓度6%、浸渍时间3s、冷冻时间12min以及洗涤时间10min的工艺条件下,处理后纸张的强度性能最好。处理前后纸张的红外光谱图和X-射线衍射图谱均没有明显变化,但纤维表面形态变化明显。     

三倍体毛白杨KP纸浆TCF漂白的研究

实验室蒸煮得到三倍体毛白杨KP纸浆:白度35.0%ISO,卡伯值13.2,粘度939mg/l.对KP纸浆进行TCF-OQP漂白实验,得出OQP各段最适宜的工艺条件如下:O段,浆浓10%,用碱量3%,MgSO40.5%,氧压0.6MPa,温度95℃,时间60min;Q段,浆浓10%,EDTA用量0.3%,初始pH值3,温度70℃,时间60min;P段,浆浓10%,H2O2用量3%,MgSO40.1%,NaOH1.5%,温度90℃,时间210min.在优化的OQP条件下,KP纸浆的白度可达80.4%ISO,强度较好.     

氢氧化钠-硫脲-尿素体系中温预处理对玉米秸秆磨浆性能的影响

为探究碱脲体系在中温条件下对木质纤维原料磨浆性能的影响,在本课题中利用氢氧化钠-硫脲-尿素体系处理玉米秸秆,在中温以及高纤维浓度(20%)的条件下,通过单因素试验探求其最佳预处理工艺。结果表明:在浸渍时间15min、用碱量6%、处理温度70℃、处理时间60min的条件下,该原料的磨浆性能可得到有效改善。与经氢氧化钠水溶液预处理后制得漂白化学机械浆相比,经氢氧化钠-硫脲-尿素体系预处理制得漂白化学机械浆细浆得率、白度、抗张指数和耐破指数分别提高2.28%、5.94%、18.8%和20.5%,磨浆能耗和松厚度分别降低16.1%和4.65%。此外两种漂白浆纤维中元素含量差别不大。     

三倍体毛白杨EMCC纸浆TCF漂白的研究

经过实验室模拟的延伸改良连续蒸煮(EMCC),得到EMCC纸浆:白度35.8%ISO,卡伯值12.3,粘度966 mg/L.对EMCC纸浆进行OQP全无氯漂白,通过对O段中NaOH用量和温度对氧脱木素效果的影响,确定O段最适宜的工艺条件为:浆浓10%,用碱量3%,MgSO40.5%,氧压0.6MPa,温度95℃,时间60min.通过对Q段中不同EDTA用量和初始pH值对后续H2O2漂白效果影响的研究,确定较适宜的工艺条件为:浆浓10%,EDTA用量0.3%,初始pH值3,温度70℃,时间60min.P段较适宜的工艺条件为:浆浓10%,H2O2用量3%,MgSO40.1%,NaOH 1.5%,温度90℃,时间180min.在优化的OQP条件下,EMCC纸浆的白度可达80%ISO以上,并保持较好的强度.     

麦草氧碱制浆工艺的新探

麦草原料经过碱浸渍和氧气蒸煮的两段氧碱制浆可获得高的得率、白度和强度的纸浆。本文在适宜的碱浸渍基础上,在中浓制浆范围同对NaOH用量、最高温度、保温时间以及碱浸渍和氧碱蒸煮黑液的回用进行了重点探讨。     

Textural Properties of Cold-set Gels Induced from Heat-denatured Whey Protein Isolates

A 9% whey protein (WP) isolate solution at pH 7.0 was heat-denatured at 80°C for 30 min. Size-exclusion HPLC showed that native WP formed soluble aggregates after heat-treatment. Additions of CaCl2 (10–40 mM), NaCl (50–400 mM) or glucono-delta-lactone (GDL, 0.4–2.0%, w/v) or hydrolysis by a protease from Bacillus licheniformis caused gelation of the denatured solution at 45°C. Textural parameters, hardness, adhesiveness, and cohesiveness of the gels so formed changed markedly with concentration of added salts or pH by added GDL. Maximum gel hardness occurred at 200 mM NaCl or pH 4.7. Increasing CaCl2 concentration continuously increased gel hardness. Generally, GDL-induced gels were harder than salt-induced gels, and much harder than the protease-induced gel.     

Occurrence of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in fish canned in oil

The levels of bisphenol-F-diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) were quantified as part of a European survey on the migration of residues of epoxy resins into oil from canned fish. The contents of BFDGE in cans, lids and fish collected from all 15 Member States of the European Union and Switzerland were analysed in 382 samples. Cans and lids were separately extracted with acetonitrile. The extraction from fish was carried out with hexane followed by re-extraction with acetonitrile. The analysis was performed by reverse phase HPL C with fluorescence detection. BFDGE could be detected in 12% of the fish, 24% of the cans and 18% of the lids. Only 3% of the fish contained BFDGE in concentrations considerably above 1mg/kg. In addition to the presented data, a comparison was made with the levels of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether)analysed in the same products in the context of a previous study.     

Review of techniques to manufacture micro-hydrogel particles for the food industry and their applications

Microgels are ‘soft’ microscopic cross-linked polymeric particles that are being increasingly exploited in a variety of industries for rheology control, encapsulation and targeted delivery. They are valued because of the ability to tune their functionality to address specific applications in oil recovery, coatings, drug delivery, cosmetics, personal care and foods. Food microgels are typically biopolymer hydrogels in the form of microspheres, nanospheres (also called nanogels), spheroids and fibres. The utilisation of engineered microgels in foods has so far been limited, despite their great potential to address several needs in the food industry, including: satiety control, encapsulation of phytonutrients and prebiotics, texture control for healthier food formulations (e.g. reduced fat products), and targeting delivery to specific areas in the digestive tract. We review the scientific and patent literature on the utilisation and manufacturing methods for producing microgels with an emphasis on micro-hydrogels for food applications.     

12—A CRITIQUE OF SOME HYPOTHESES RELATING TO THE HETEROGENEITY OF THE HIGH-SULPHUR PROTEINS OF WOOL

Joubert and Burns prepared a large number of fractions from the high-sulphur proteins of wool and estimated their molecular weights and amino-acid compositions. Their data have been re-examined in order to look for statistically significant interrelations between amino acids and between the proportion of various amino acids and molecular weight. Statistical analysis of the data is also used to examine the credibility of some hypotheses concerning the mechanism of keratin biosynthesis and to provide further evidence for the existence of families of proteins within the high-sulphur fractions of wool.     

Contribution of European research to risk analysis

The European Commission's, Quality of Life Research Programme, Key Action 1—Health, Food & Nutrition is mission-oriented and aims, amongst other things, at providing a healthy, safe and high-quality food supply leading to reinforced consumer confidence in the safety of European food. Its objectives also include the enhancing of the competitiveness of the European food supply. Key Action 1 is currently supporting a number of different types of European collaborative projects in the area of risk analysis. The objectives of these projects range from the development and validation of prevention strategies including the reduction of consumers risks; development and validation of new modelling approaches; harmonization of risk assessment principles, methodologies, and terminology; standardization of methods and systems used for the safety evaluation of transgenic food; providing of tools for the evaluation of human viral contamination of shellfish and quality control; new methodologies for assessing the potential of unintended effects of genetically modified (genetically modified) foods; development of a risk assessment model for Cryptosporidium parvum related to the food and water industries; to the development of a communication platform for genetically modified organism, producers, retailers, regulatory authorities and consumer groups to improve safety assessment procedures, risk management strategies and risk communication; development and validation of new methods for safety testing of transgenic food; evaluation of the safety and efficacy of iron supplementation in pregnant women; evaluation of the potential cancer-preventing activity of pro- and pre-biotic ('synbiotic') combinations in human volunteers. An overview of these projects is presented here.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of     

The Latest Data about Development of Chinese Printing Industry in 2013

In the 2014 China（Shanghai）International Printing Week,Director Wang Yanbin released the latest data about development of Chinese printing industry in 2013.According to statistics,in 2013,the total output value of Chinese printing industry exceeded 1trillion Yuan for the first time,reaching 1.03985 trillion Yuan.There were 105,000 printing enterprises in China,employees were 3.415 million.The total asset was 1.06247 trillion Yuan;     

The State Council Issued "Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"

正On December 2nd,2013,the State Council issued the notification of"Directory of Government Approved Investment Projects(2013 Edition)"(hereafter referred to as"notification").It is pointed out in the"notification"that in order to further deepen reforms in investment systems and administrative examination and approval systems,simplify administrative procedures and delegate powers to lower levels,earnestly     

China textile machinery: taking off in progress

正Among the 1600 exhibitors who take apart in the ITMA ASIA+CITME2014 2/3 are Chinese manufactures.If the numerous figures failed to attract your attention,the increase of quality should draw your focus.To adopt the demand of developing textile machine market,domestic textile machinery enterprises now follow the slogan of"technology drives development"to enhance product competitiveness.Our domestic sellers will showcase product ranging from spinning,weaving,dyeing and printing,     

Top Ten News of China's Paper Industry 2013

On December 24th, 2013, the meeting on the selection of top 10 news of China＇s paper industry 2013 sponsored by 〈China Paper Newsletters〉 was held in Beijing. The yearly selection of the top l0 news, which began in 2000, has become a brand activity widely recognized in the industry thanks to the support from the authorities at all levels and public participation.