共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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论述了现代分析技术(UV、IR、NMR、GPC等)在制浆造纸过程中木素结构、官能团、分子量分布等研究上的应用。介绍了先进的表面分析仪器化学分析电子能谱(XPS)、原子力显微镜(AFM)的工作原理及近年来它们在植物纤维表面分析中的成功应用,综合利用XPS、AFM等方法,可分析和解决制浆造纸过程中的现象和问题。 相似文献
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AFM和XPS结合在化学浆和机械浆纤维表面分析中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
较全面地介绍了原子力显微镜(AFM)与化学分析电子能谱(xPs)结合用于化学浆和机械浆纤维表面分析的情况.分析表明.组成纤维表面的多种物质之间的吸引和排斥作用导致纤维表面的多孔性.关于AFM图像纤维表面的球状颗粒幸i7=和片状结构的解释存在着很大的不同,AFM相图中明暗对照的解释,以及明暗对照与纤维表面的亲水件、疏水性和软硬黏弹性之间的关系尚没有明确的解释. 相似文献
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超声波处理对植物纤维的影响研究进展 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
介绍了超声波处理对植物纤维结构及化学性能方面的影响.在造纸工业中打浆、废纸脱墨,纺织工业中纤维漂白的预处理等各个方面探讨了超声波对植物纤维的力学作用机制及化学机制.提出了今后超声波在植物纤维处理方面的发展趋势. 相似文献
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超声波对再生植物纤维结构及其水解反应影响的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过研究超声处理前后再生植物纤维结晶结构、纤维粒度、空隙及分布变化,分析超声波预处理对再生植物纤维水解的影响机理。傅里叶红外光谱(FI-IR)、X-衍射(XRD)分析表明超声处理对再生植物纤维结晶结构影响较小。由粒度变化趋势说明,超声波对再生植物纤维表现为细纤维化和润胀作用。空隙大小的改变,表明超声处理能够激活封闭的空隙结构。同时纤维保水性能随超声处理时间增加而增加。超声处理增加了反应的有效接触面积是促进再生植物纤维水解主要因素,而不是改变其结晶结构。 相似文献
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Umit Huner 《Journal of Natural Fibers》2018,15(6):808-821
The aim of this study is to examine the impact of surface modification on properties of flax fiber and flax-reinforced composites. For this purpose, acetic anhydride, sodium hydroxide, and silane were used to treat surface of the flax fiber. The effects of treatments on fiber were investigated by using contact angle, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Contact angle and AFM results revealed that sodium hydroxide-treated flax fibers have higher adhesion force on the fiber surface. Particularly, NaOH treatment improved the mechanical properties of the epoxy matrix composite. 相似文献
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采用低温磁控溅射技术在丙纶(熔喷法非织造布)表面沉积铝、氧化锌和聚四氟乙烯纳米薄膜,用原子力显微镜观察纤维基材及三种纳米薄膜沉积在纤维表面的微观结构,为进一步对聚合物纤维材料磁控溅射功能化加工的工艺参数优化调整,以及对沉积材料在纤维表面的结合机理的研究提供理论依据。通过对原子力显微镜图像分析发现,丙纶(熔喷法非织造布)表面比较平滑,而丙纶长丝的表面则成一定的周期性条纹状结构;低温磁控溅射技术在丙纶(熔喷法非织造布)表面构建的功能性纳米薄膜随着沉积材料的不同,其在纤维表面的聚集形态不同。铝和氧化锌在纤维表面形成纳米颗粒状结构,而高分子材料聚四氟乙烯则形成纳米条带状形貌。分析和测量了金属颗粒和聚四氟乙烯条带的尺寸。 相似文献
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阐述了原子力显微镜(AFM)、化学力显微镜(CFM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、飞行时间二次离子质谱(ToF-SIMS)几种先进表面分析技术的基本原理以及用于纸浆纤维表面研究的新进展。 相似文献
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该文采用漆酶处理漂白ONP脱墨浆,研究了漆酶处理方式对成纸白度和强度性能的影响,并通过XRD和AFM观察了纤维结晶度和表面形貌的变化。结果表明:漆酶处理可以提高成纸白度3.70%ISO,提升成纸的撕裂指数9.02%、抗张指数18.40%和耐破指数2.79%,纤维结晶度由75.9%降至72.5%。另外,从AFM的图像可以看出漆酶处理后的纤维表面变得粗糙。粗糙的纤维比表面积大,易使纤维结合紧密,从而使得成纸强度上升。 相似文献
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A confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) was used to investigate the distribution and penetration of urea-melamine-formaldehyde (UMF) resin in the fiber when injected through blowline blending in a medium density fiberboard (MDF) pilot plant. Samples were prepared with respect to industrial parameters and were collected at the dryer’s end. The samples were later dyed in a Dye Star-Brilliant Red solution (0.01%) and rinsed with distilled water to remove excess. The samples were scanned with the CLSM to build three-dimensional reconstructions of MDF fiber cross-sections. With proper lenses and optimized CLSM settings, it was possible to obtain fiber reconstructions with a resolution greater than the laser wave length (514 nm). The Zeiss CLSM built-in software image analyzer enabled to rebuild them in rotation on any of the three axes with up to 64 images per rotation. The resin penetration sites were identified using this software option. The penetration sites were numerous and well dispersed. The largest openings (lumen, pits and cracks) were responsible for most of the resin lost by over-penetration. The presence of resin in the cell walls (detected with the CLSM) proves their porosity without giving much information about the resin concentration. Finally, the atomic force microscope (AFM) enabled to recreate the finest surface details for these fibers samples. It was found that the fibrils aggregates orientation and size can influence the resin penetration and distribution. It was concluded that the porous structure of wood fibers and their affinity to water enable the resin to penetrate through capillary force. This phenomenon is stimulated by the high pressure, saturated steam, turbulent flow and heat. When injected in the pilot plant blowline, UMF resin was uniformly distributed over the fiber surface (22.5% coverage). The resin penetration was however important and also occurred in nanometric defaults of the wood fibers. Thus, industrial panels made out of very porous, damaged or small fibers will need more resin to fill the gaps in order to make a strong board. 相似文献
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为了进一步提高聚酰亚胺(PI)纤维的润湿性及其在水介质中的分散性,本研究首先探究了在辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)催化作用下在PI纤维表面生长磷酸单酯长链(PMOEs)结构,比较了表面修饰前后纤维在水介质中的分散稳定性及纤维对极性溶剂的接触角。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)和X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)对纤维表面的物理和化学结构变化进行了分析,通过热重分析仪(TG)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对纤维的热学性能和结晶性能进行了表征,并对纤维成纸孔径分布变化进行了分析。结果表明,在HRP催化作用下通过自由基反应在PI纤维表面成功生长出了PMOEs网状结构并得到PI-PMOEs纤维,与PI纤维相比,当PMOE加入量为25. 6 g时,PI-PMOEs-3纤维与去离子水的接触角降低了13. 6°,与乙醇的接触角降低了9. 9°,纤维分散度增加了40个百分点,纤维的亲水性能得到显著改善。 相似文献