UML-XML集成的敏捷虚拟企业资源建模方法

通过扩展UML给出了资源分类、资源的组织、产品结构和物流等敏捷虚拟企业资源模型的图形表示方法；定义了一个敏捷虚拟企业资源模型文档DTD，作为敏捷虚拟企业资源模型的底层数据模型；给出了一个敏捷虚拟企业资源建模工具的设计。该方法不但明确提供了图形化的表示方法，而且考虑了底层数据模型等实现问题，适应敏捷虚拟企业资源建模工具开发的需求，有利于在实践中的广泛应用。     

面向敏捷虚拟企业的模型重用过程与方法研究

敏捷虚拟企业的建立、运行和演变涉及大量的模型重用问题。首先分析了敏捷虚拟企业建模的“无参照”、“基于模型构件”、“基于伙伴企业模型”和“基于敏捷虚拟企业模型”的四种模式,提出了“创成式敏捷虚拟企业建模”和“派生式敏捷虚拟企业建模”的概念。在此基础上,又提出了一种基于实例的模型重用方法。最后,给出了一个敏捷虚拟企业建模效率模型,并对建模模式和模型重用方法进行了简要的分析和比较。     

敏捷虚拟企业组织管理与决策支撑环境

本文介绍了敏捷虚拟企业的概念，敏捷虚拟企业的组织形态，敏捷虚拟企业的建立过程，敏捷虚拟企业模型及其模型化框架与工具，敏捷虚拟企业组织管理群体决策支持系统VO－GDSS，支持敏捷虚拟企业组织管理与决策的集成支撑环境VOISE。     

基于敏捷供需链的虚拟企业建模与模糊综合评价

本文以虚拟企业的伙伴选择为研究对象,分析了基于敏捷供需链的虚拟企业伙伴选择模型的建模方法,采用模糊综合评价的方法进行了建模实例分析。     

基于Multi-View模型的敏捷虚拟企业知识共享模式研究

敏捷虚拟企业的核心在于实现全球信息经济时代的知识共享、综合利用和优化配置及合理流动，其主要特征在于所处的信息化环境和知识协同集成与共享性。敏捷虚拟企业Multi—View维度即对敏捷虚拟企业过程、功能、组织、资源、知识等系统进行描述，各视图之间实现知识共享与关联。基于Multi—View模型分析，敏捷虚拟企业需要构建知识共享环境与过程，并基于分布式对象技术实现敏捷虚拟企业知识共享建模。     

基于面向服务体系架构的敏捷虚拟企业信息系统框架

为了解决敏捷虚拟企业信息系统的实现问题，提出了一种基于面向服务体系的敏捷虚拟企业信息系统体系框架。首先，分析了面向服务体系在敏捷虚拟企业信息系统中应用的局限性并对其作了扩充，在此基础上描绘了敏捷虚拟企业信息系统全生命周期过程，进而描述了基于面向服务体系的敏捷虚拟企业信息系统体系框架，最后对所涉及的关键技术作了分析。     

面向敏捷供应体系虚拟企业的建造

针对机床企业提出一种面向敏捷供应体系的虚拟企业模型，分析了机床行业虚拟企业模型的特．点、面向敏捷供应体系虚拟企业实施的前提条件和原则，最后给出面向敏捷供应体系虚拟企业的建立流程。     

基于遗传算法的AVE横向联盟合作伙伴的选择

给出了敏捷虚拟企业的基本分类,提出了敏捷虚拟企业伙伴选择的三阶段结构化进程,重点研究了横向联盟的伙伴选择方法。给出了横向联盟伙伴选择的数学模型,并提出了采用遗传算法求解的方法。     

敏捷虚拟企业环境下伙伴企业产品过程再设计

在敏捷虚拟企业环境下,怎样根据联盟的需要对伙伴企业的产品过程进行重新设计是关系到敏捷虚拟企业实施成败的关键。本文建立了敏捷虚拟企业产品过程设计的基本框架,给出了进行过程再设计的核心过程确定方法,并提出了一些进行过程结构优化的方法。     

基于XML的敏捷供应链产品信息共享技术研究

敏捷供应链的盟员企业之间存在异构的产品数据源，这些数据源共同提供敏捷虚拟企业内产品研发至销售方方面面的信息，因此这些异构产品数据源的集成是解决敏捷供应链产品信息共享的关键。基于目前最热门的XML技术，研究并提出敏捷供应链产品信息集成与共享机制，这种机制能够使盟员企业成员透明地访问敏捷虚拟企业中的异构产品信息。     

Rapid combined light and electron microscopy on large frozen biological samples

The use of large unfixed frozen tissue samples (10 × 10 × 5 mm³) for combined light microscopy (LM) and electron microscopy (EM) is described. First, cryostat sections are applied for various LM histochemical approaches including in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry and metabolic mapping (enzyme histochemistry). When EM inspection is needed, the tissue blocks that were used for cryostat sectioning and are stored at −80 °C, are then fixed at 4 °C with glutaraldehyde/paraformaldehyde and prepared for EM according to standard procedures. Ultrastructurally, most morphological aspects of normal and pathological tissue are retained whereas cryostat sectioning at −25 °C does not have serious damaging effects on the ultrastructure. This approach allows simple and rapid combined LM and EM of relatively large tissue specimens with acceptable ultrastructure. Its use is demonstrated with the elucidation of transdifferentiated mouse stromal elements in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma explants grown subcutaneously in nude mice. Combined LM and EM analysis revealed that these elements resemble cartilage showing enchondral mineralization and aberrant muscle fibres with characteristics of skeletal muscle cells.     

The use of filter membranes for high-pressure freezing of cell monolayers

Rapid freezing of cells and tissues, followed by freeze‐substitution fixation and plastic embedding, has become a highly reliable method for preparing samples for imaging in the electron microscope. High‐pressure freezing is an efficient means of immobilizing suspensions of yeasts, thick pellets of mammalian cells, or small (< 0.5 mm) pieces of plant or animal tissue. Monolayers of cultured mammalian cells that are too thick for efficient immobilization by other modes of rapid freezing have also been successfully preserved by this method. Monolayer cultures are often important because they can be imaged by light microscopy (LM) both before and after their preparation for electron microscopy (EM). Additionally, some monolayer cultures serve as model systems for physiological processes, so it is important that cells under study can grow on a substrate that is both physiologically appropriate and convenient for EM processing. Here we describe a reliable method for preparing mammalian cell monolayers (PtK₁ and polarized MDCK) for EM. Our protocol results in good preservation of cellular ultrastructure, it is a useful companion to studies of cell physioloy and, with some limitation, is suitable for correlative LM and EM.     

系统分析工具GOMTOOL的研究

GOMT是一种面向对象的系统分析方法.它是以OMT方法为基础并做适当的改进而形成,主要面向通信领域的软件开发.GOMTOOL是支持GOMT系统分析的工具系统.该工具系统包括图形编辑器,模型检查器,自动生成工具.本文介绍了GOMTOOL的设计与实现.包括图形编辑器的设计,对分析模型进行一致性和完整性检查的方法以及如何从图形模型生成逻辑模型和正文文档的技术.该工具是用VisualC++6.0在Windows95环境下实现的.     

Cryo-fluorescence microscopy facilitates correlations between light and cryo-electron microscopy and reduces the rate of photobleaching

Fluorescence light microscopy (LM) has many advantages for the study of cell organization. Specimen preparation is easy and relatively inexpensive, and the use of appropriate tags gives scientists the ability to visualize specific proteins of interest. LM is, however, limited in resolution, so when one is interested in ultrastructure, one must turn to electron microscopy (EM), even though this method presents problems of its own. The biggest difficulty with cellular EM is its limited utility in localizing macromolecules of interest while retaining good structural preservation. We have built a cryo-light microscope stage that allows us to generate LM images of vitreous samples prepared for cryo-EM. Correlative LM and EM allows one to find areas of particular interest by using fluorescent proteins or vital dyes as markers within vitrified samples. Once located, the sample can be placed in the EM for further study at higher resolution. An additional benefit of the cryo-LM stage is that photobleaching is slower at cryogenic temperatures (−140°C) than at room temperature.     

基于区间分析的非对称外形天线罩厚度设计

厚度误差是影响天线罩电性能的重要因素。对于非对称外形天线罩,厚度误差引入的电性能恶化程度会随天线扫描角变化。针对该问题,文中提出了一种基于区间分析的天线罩厚度设计方法。首先根据误差区间分析天线罩的方向图区间,从中提取电性能指标区间,进而分析不同扫描角下电性能指标区间随厚度的变化特性。通过对电性能指标及其变化区间作单一目标函数转化,给出不同扫描角下天线罩电性能指标及其变化区间最优的厚度设计结果。某正切卵形天线罩的仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

Correction to: Development and validation of a new friction model for cutting processes

The authors wish to thank the German Research Foundation (DFG) for funding the research within the project "Modelling of broaching processes by multi-     

Suppression of dynamic offset of electromagnetic drive module for micro-gyroscope

An innovative 3-phase alternative current (AC) drive circuit for the seismic disc in micro-gyroscopes is designed and verified by computer simulations and experiments. The in-plane dynamic model of the seismic disc with mass eccentricity and air gap against the centre bearing and the mathematic expression of two sinusoidal magnetic fields are developed respectively. In order to prevent the seismic disc from collision with the centre bearing and the electromagnetic (EM) poles, an anti-collision controller is established by employing two look-up tables which define the intensity of the applied current to the EM poles. Self-sensing technique is included to measure the real-time offset of the disc by two orthogonal pairs of EM poles, without any additional sensors. The drive circuit under sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) operation and the anti-collision strategy are verified by intensive computer simulations via commercial software, OrCAD 9, and experiments.     

The development of theoretical foundations for electromagnetic flaw detection of oil and gas wells

Theoretical foundations of the development of nonstationary electromagnetic (EM) flaw detection of wells as applied to the problem of measuring the wall thickness of casing and lifting pipes of oil and oil-and-gas wells are considered taking into account the diversity of EM properties of metals. Analytical dependences and experimental data on measuring the EM fields formed in the presence of local inhomogeneities of a string, such as small-diameter holes, are analyzed. Main requirements for the engineering parameters of the equipment and principles of interpreting well-logging EM flaw detection are shown.Translated from Defektoskopiya, Vol. 40, No. 12, 2004, pp. 60–73.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2004 by Teplukhin.This revised version was published online in April 2005 with a corrected cover date.     

Collision prevention of eccentric proof mass applied for micro-gyroscope

An innovative 3-phase AC (Alternative Current) drive circuit for the seismic disc in micro-gyroscopes is designed and verified by computer simulations and experiments. The in-plane dynamic model of the seismic disc with mass eccentricity and air gap against the centre bearing and the mathematic expression of two sinusoidal magnetic fields are developed respectively. In order to prevent the seismic disc from collision with the centre bearing and the EM (Electromagnetic) poles, an anti-collision controller is established by employing two Look-up tables which define the intensity of the applied current to the EM poles. Self-sensing technique is included to measure the real-time offset and angular position deviation (i.e., precession) of the disc by two orthogonal pairs of EM poles, without any additional sensors. The drive circuit under SPWM (Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation) operation and the anti-collision strategy are verified by intensive computer simulations via commercial software, OrCAD 9, and experiments.     

STM imaging of the complete bacterial cell sheath of Methanospirillum hungatei

Using a large range scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) we have obtained images of the complete outer cell wall of the archaebacterium Methanospirillum hungatei, deposited on a graphite substrate and over-coated with an Au or Pt evaporated film. The width of the collapsed cylindrical sheath structure was found to be 5000 Å ± ***10%, which agrees closely with the value from previously published electron microscope (EM) studies. The double thickness of the collapsed sheath was found to be 160 Å ± 10%, which is about 20% smaller than that from the EM results. Higher resolution STM images taken on top of the collapsed sheaths show corrugations running perpendicular to the cylinder axis and having widths which are multiples of ～ 30 Å, the minimum period expected from EM studies. The height of the corrugations have a minimum value of about 4 Å. The expected 2-D crystalline structure was not seen in the STM images.