1Cr18Ni9Ti钢离子氮化层的检测

一、前言离子氮化是一种先进的表面强化技术。它具有许多独特的优点,对碳钢、合金钢、不锈钢、铸铁及粉末冶金制品,都有显著的表面强化效果。目前,对38CrMoAl钢的氮化工艺及氮化层质量的研究比较深入,而对1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢的氮化工艺和离子氮化层的检测.研究较少。本文从1Cr18Ni9Ti钢离子氮化层的特征出发。就氮化层检测试样的制备及氮化层厚度的显示进行了研究。二、1Cr18Ni9Ti钢离子氮化层的特征 1.氮化层很薄 1Crl8Ni9Ti钢中含有较多的合金元素,它们都不同程度地降低了氮在奥氏体中的扩散速度。同时,钢中的合金元素C     

钛合金杨氏模量与泊松比测试分析

测量1Cr18Ni9Ti合金钢（高温时效处理）的杨氏模量与？自松比，为热处理新工艺提供材料的弹性系数指标，为工程实际提供力学参数；采用应变电测原理和技术（应变片测量法），在试样纵向和横向粘贴电阻应变片，通过静态电阻应变仪测量试样纵向和横向应变，得出了1Cr18Ni9Ti合金钢的弹性模量和泊松比。1Cr18Ni9Ti合金钢为低模量材料。     

1Cr18Ni9Ti与16MnR异种钢埋弧自动焊研究与应用

1Cr18Ni9Ti与16MnR是超高压开关壳体常用钢板,通过对1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢与16MnR低合金钢埋弧自动焊单面焊双面成型工艺的研究,分析了1Cr18Ni9Ti与16MnR异种钢焊接容易产生焊接缺陷的原因,通过大量工艺试验、评定,以此确定出1Cr18Ni9Ti与16MnR异种钢埋弧自动焊单面焊双面成型合理的焊接工艺,并在生产实际中得到了应用。     

离子束增强沉积Si3N4膜的显微组织结构分析

本文使用TEM、SEM和χ射线物相分析等方法,分析研究了在1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢表面离子束增强沉积Si3N4膜的显微组织结构。研究表明,Si3N4膜为非晶态,膜内还存在少量弥散分布的晶态Si3N4相。对Si3N4的形貌、Si3N4/1Cr18Ni9Ti界面以及影响因素作了定性的分析讨论。     

爆炸复合板复合界面微观组织分析

采用光学显微镜，扫描电子显微镜、X射线能谱仪和电子背散射衍射仪，研究了铁素体不锈钢－钢（oCr13Al/16MnR,0Cr13Al/20g)，奥氏体不锈钢－钢（1Cr18Ni9Ti/Q235A,0Cr18Ni10Ti/16MnR)和双相不锈钢－钢（00Cr22Ni5Mo3N/Q345C）三类爆炸复合钢板结合区的显微组织特征，发现结合界面呈准正弦波状结合，热处理后结合区基板脱碳，复板渗碳，而且在复合界面复板侧有一个超细晶粒带，热处理达一定时间后，基板脱碳界面与板面平行。     

表面纳米化预处理对1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢渗硫层摩擦学性能的影响

用超声速微粒轰击表面纳米化技术在1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢表面制备了晶粒尺寸约为30 nm的具有随机取向的等轴状纳米晶表层,后用低温离子渗硫技术在部分纳米化样品和原始样品表面分别制备了硫化物层.在YTи-1000型球盘式摩擦磨损试验机上对比研究了干摩擦条件下纳米化处理前后的1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢及两种渗硫试样的摩擦学性能.结果表明,纳米化处理明显提高了1Cr18Ni9Ti钢的摩擦学性能和低温离子渗硫的效果,纳米化表面的摩擦因数由0.65降低到0.45,而纳米化预处理后渗硫层厚度由1 μm增加到3.5μm.分析认为,这些性能的提升主要与纳米晶表面层具有较高的硬度、强度和化学活性有关.原始1Cr18Ni9Ti钢的主要磨损机制为磨料磨损和粘着磨损,而表面纳米化处理后转变为以疲劳磨损为主.     

1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢多轴棘轮效应试验研究

对1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢进行了多轴棘轮效应及典型的非比例循环试验研究，表明1Cr18Ni9Ti钢是循环强化材料并表现出明显的非比例循环附加强化。在多轴棘轮试验中，应变幅值、轴向载荷大小及方向对材料强化性能、轴向应变、棘轮应变率有着明显影响。     

半固态下1Cr18Ni9Ti钢轧制过程中的组织演变

对用电磁搅拌装置制备的半固态奥氏体不锈钢1Cr18Ni9Ti钢进行了直接轧制成形试验。轧制前后微组织的分析结果表明：半固态1Cr18Ni9Ti钢具有球形或近球形的初生固相颗粒，并大多呈聚集状态；轧制变形后，液固相发生分离，产生液相偏析；只有当固相率达到50％时，初生固相颗粒在轧制过程中才会发生塑性变形，同时初生固相颗粒内部的δ相由多边形状转变为板条形状。     

耐酸钢1Cr18Ni9Ti的氧氮化

1.耐酸钢表面硬化存在的困难 1Cr18Ni9Ti是一种铬-镍型不锈钢,它有较好的耐蚀性,能抵抗各种酸类的腐蚀,故又称不锈耐酸钢.它有良好的塑性、韧性和焊接性,但硬度较低、耐磨性较差。随着工业生产的发展,对1Cf18Ni9Ti钢在使用上提出了更高的要求,如化工设备、航空工业、石油机械、造船、医疗器械等都要求材料有较高的抗腐蚀性,又要有高的硬度。而1Cr18Ni9Ti钢是一种     

奥氏体不锈钢1Cr18Ni9Ti的钻削试验研究

奥氏体不锈钢1Cr18Ni9Ti属较难加工材料,特别是较小孔钻削。为了得到钻头直径与钻削参数对钻削力和钻削温度的影响规律,故用高速钢标准钻头对1Cr18Ni9Ti与45钢进行了钻削对比试验,并用多元线性回归模型建立了钻削力和钻削温度的经验公式。结果表明:1Cr18Ni9Ti的扭矩和轴向力比45钢大,钻削参数对钻削力影响规律与45钢相同,即钻头直径对钻削力的影响最大,进给量次之,钻削速度最小;1Cr18Ni9Ti的钻削温度比45钢约高1.4倍,钻削速度对钻削温度影响最大,进给量次之,钻头直径最小。     

Tribological properties of pulsed laser deposited DLC/TM (TM=Cr,Ag, Ti and Ni) multilayers

Tribological and scratch resistance properties of pulsed laser deposited Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) coatings with transition metal interlayers (TM=Cr, Ag, Ti and Ni) are studied. Remarkably high scratch resistance property is found when DLC is deposited with Ni and Ti transition metal interlayer. Transformation of I(D)/I(G) ratio from a higher value on the surface to a lower value in the wear track of DLC indicates formation of graphitized/amorphized tribofilm during sliding. These tribofilms and formation of carbonaceous transfer layer is a characteristic of easy in-plane sliding which provides low friction coefficient for the system of DLC/Ni and DLC/Ti multilayer.     

不锈钢焊接区金属微动磨损行为研究

以1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢材料为母材,采用焊条电弧焊方法制备焊件。在焊接检验合格的焊态试件上从焊缝区、熔合区和焊接热影响区金属中分别截取并制备微动磨损试验用试样。将制备好的焊接区不同位置金属试样在相同条件下进行微动磨损试验,研究焊接区金属微动磨损行为。研究结果表明,在选定的微动磨损试验参数下,微动处在完全滑移区;焊接区不同部位金属的微动磨痕形貌存在差异,具有不同的微动磨损行为。焊缝区金属磨痕最大深度差异不明显,但磨痕平面投影面积差异显著。焊接热影响区金属磨痕最大深度差异显著,而磨痕平面投影面积差异不明显。     

耐热钢表面等离子喷涂热障涂层性能研究

利用等离子喷涂法在耐热钢1Cr18Ni9Ti基体表面喷涂NiCrAl＋（ZrO2＋Y2O3）陶瓷热障涂层，并进行高温隔热性能试验。试验结果表明，1Cr18Ni9Ti经等离子喷涂处理后表面形成陶瓷热障涂层且与基体结合紧密；经等离子喷涂处理后，表面陶瓷层的硬度显著增高，耐磨性能提高；经高温隔热性能试验，NiCrAl＋（ZrO2＋Y2O3）热障涂层隔热效果较为明显。用XRD，SEM检测了试样的金相组织、结构及形貌。     

Tribological characterisation of hard coatings with and without DLC top layer in fretting tests

The potential of coatings to protect components against wear and to reduce friction has led to a large variety of protective coatings. In order to check the success of coating modifications and to find solutions for different purposes, initial tests with laboratory tribometers are usually done to give information about the performance of a coating. Different Ti‐based coatings (TiN, Ti(C,N), and TiAlN) and NiP were tested in comparison to coatings with an additional diamond‐like carbon (DLC) top coating. Tests were done in laboratory air at room temperature with oscillating sliding (gross slip fretting) with a ball‐on‐disc arrangement against a ceramic ball (Al₂O₃). Special attention was paid to possible effects of moisture (relative humidity). The coefficient of friction was measured on line, and the volumetric wear at the disc was determined after the test from microscopic measurements of the wear scar and additional profiles. The friction and wear behaviour is quite different for the different coatings and depends more or less on the relative humidity. The DLC coating on top of the other coatings reduces friction and wear considerably. In normal and in moist air the coefficient of wear of the DLC top‐layer coating is significantly less than 10⁻⁶ mm³/Nm and the coefficient of friction is below 0.1. In dry air, however, there is a certain tendency to high wear and high friction. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

沉积温度对脉冲真空弧源沉积类金刚石薄膜性能的影响

利用脉冲真空弧源沉积技术在Cr17Ni14Cu4不锈钢和Si(100)基体上制备了类金刚石(DLC)薄膜,研究了基体沉积温度对DLC薄膜的性能和结构的影响。研究表明,随着沉积温度由100 ℃提高到400 ℃,DLC薄膜中sp3 键质量分数减少,sp2键质量分数增多,薄膜复合硬度逐渐降低。当DLC薄膜沉积温度达到400 ℃时,薄膜中C原子主要以sp2键形式存在,与沉积温度为100 ℃时制备的DLC薄膜相比,薄膜复合硬度降低50%。DLC薄膜具有优异的耐磨性,摩擦因数低,随着沉积温度由100 ℃提高到400 ℃,Cr17Ni14Cu4不锈钢表面沉积的DLC薄膜耐磨性降低。沉积温度为100 ℃时,Cr17Ni14Cu4不锈钢表面沉积的DLC薄膜后,耐磨性大幅度提高。DLC薄膜与不锈钢基体结合牢固。     

Influence of Calf Serum on Fretting Behaviors of Ti–6Al–4V and Diamond-Like Carbon Coating for Neck Adapter–Femoral Stem Contact

Influences of newborn calf serum on the fretting behaviors of Ti–6Al–4V and diamond-like carbon coating were investigated using a fretting-wear test rig with a cylinder-on-flat contact. The results indicated that, for the Ti–6Al–4V/Ti–6Al–4V contact, the friction coefficients were high (0.8–1.2) and the wear volumes presented an increase with the increase in the displacement amplitude under dry laboratory air conditions. Under serum-liquid conditions, the Ti–6Al–4V/Ti–6Al–4V contact presented significantly larger wear volumes under the displacement of ±?40 µm; however, it presented significantly lower friction coefficients (0.25–0.35) and significantly smaller wear volumes under the displacement of ±?70 µm. For the DLC coating/Ti–6Al–4V contact, the coating response wear maps could be divided into two areas: the coating working area (low normal force conditions) and the coating failure area (high normal force conditions). In the coating working area, the DLC coating could protect the substrate with low friction, low wear volume, and mild damage in the coating. The presence of serum had a positive influence on the tribological performance of the DLC coating. Furthermore, the positive influence was more significant under larger displacement amplitudes condition.     

Wear behavior of low-cost, lightweight TiC/Ti–6Al–4V composite under fretting: Effectiveness of solid-film lubricant counterparts

The wear behavior of low-cost, lightweight 10 wt% titanium carbide (TiC)-particulate-reinforced Ti–6Al–4V matrix composite (TiC/Ti–6Al–4V) was examined under fretting at 296, 423, and 523 K in air. Bare 10 wt% TiC/Ti–6Al–4V hemispherical pins were used in contact with dispersed multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), magnetron-sputtered diamond-like carbon/chromium (DLC/Cr), magnetron-sputtered graphite-like carbon/chromium (GLC/Cr), and magnetron-sputtered molybdenum disulfide/titanium (MoS₂/Ti) deposited on Ti–6Al–4V, Ti–48Al–2Cr–2Nb, and nickel-based superalloy 718. When TiC/Ti–6Al–4V was brought into contact with bare Ti–6Al–4V, bare Ti–48Al–2Cr–2Nb, and bare nickel-based superalloy 718, strong adhesion, severe galling, and severe wear occurred. However, when TiC/Ti–6Al–4V was brought into contact with MWNT, DLC/Cr, GLC/Cr, and MoS₂/Ti coatings, no galling occurred in the contact, and relatively minor wear was observed regardless of the coating. All the MWNT, DLC/Cr, GLC/Cr, and MoS₂/Ti coatings on Ti–6Al–4V were effective from 296 to 523 K, but the effectiveness of the MWNT, DLC/Cr, GLC/Cr, and MoS₂/Ti coatings decreased as temperature increased.     

镍基合金喷熔层摩擦学行为与机制的研究

采用热喷熔工艺制备了两种镍基合金喷熔层,并选用高锰钢、不锈钢作为对比材料,研究了镍基合金喷熔层的摩擦磨损性能。研究结果表明：镍基合金喷熔层具有良好的耐磨损性能和较低的摩擦系数。镍含量对喷熔层的摩擦学性能有显著影响,高镍含量的镍基合金,其耐磨性能明显优于低镍含量的镍基合金。在低速轻载条件下,镍基合金喷熔层的磨损机理为微观犁削;高速重载时,表现为粘着磨损和磨料磨损,其中高镍含量的喷熔层表面形成了致密的转移膜,有效地降低了磨损率。     

四种核电用包壳材料的微动磨损性能研究

在切向微动磨损试验机上对4种核电用包壳材料(Zr合金、Zr/Cr涂层、FeCrAl和ODS-FeCrAl)进行切向微动磨损试验,考察不同包壳材料的微动磨损特性。研究结果表明:不同包壳材料的摩擦因数、耗散能曲线和形变有显著差异;4种包壳材料在切向微动过程中均处于部分滑移区。通过分析磨痕微观形貌和磨痕轮廓,发现ODS-FeCrAl相比FeCrAl具有更好的耐磨性;在常温环境下,Zr/Cr表现出更加优异的抗磨损性能。     

Fretting wear and fracture behaviors of Cr-doped and non-doped DLC films deposited on Ti–6al–4V alloy by unbalanced magnetron sputtering

Cr-doped and non-doped diamond-like carbon (DLC) films were deposited on a Ti–6Al–4V alloy substrate using an unbalanced magnetron sputtering (UBMS). Fretting wear behavior of the specimens was investigated using a ball-on-disk fretting tester. The fracture phenomenon of the DLC films was determined as the number of fretting cycles to reach a high value of the friction coefficient. The results showed that the Cr-doped and non-doped DLC films exhibited a lower friction coefficient and wear rate compared to that of the uncoated specimen. However, the Cr-doped DLC film fractured only in a few cycles, while the non-doped DLC film fractured after fretting cycles of about 200,000. A fracture mechanism of the Cr-doped and non-doped DLC films was reported in this study.