基于ADμC812单片机的弹力扭矩测试仪

针对由弹力引起的扭矩测量,提出了一种基于ADμC812单片机控制的测试系统。介绍了该系统的工作原理及主要的硬件电路,给出了测试仪主要机械结构并编制了相应的软件流程。实验验证了该仪器能够达到1N·mm的分辨率,性能稳定可靠。     

环形压敏电阻参数测试仪的研究

提出了一种新型的环形压敏电阻参数测试仪，详细介绍了它的整体结构，测量原理和硬件电路。试运行表明，该测试仪的检测精度较高，性能稳定，很好地解决了环形压敏电阻参数检测困难的技术问题。     

用于智能结构自诊断、自修复的新型光纤传感测试仪

介绍了空心光纤的传感性能及其在力学量测试中的应用，并对传感机理进行了简要地分析，主要侧重于空心光纤传感测试仪的研制，并通过实验验证了传感器测试仪用于智能结构损伤位置自诊断以及损伤处自修复的可行性。     

固定式刚度测试仪有限元分析及结构优化

固定式刚度测试仪是针对大型汽车覆盖件刚度测量的高精度测量仪器.通过确定相关参数、建立机架有限元模型,运用有限元软件ANSYS对固定式刚度测试仪初定方案进行了结构分析,并通过查看锡青铜衬套应力云图,找出初定方案所存在的问题;在此基础上对结构进行优化并进行有限元分析,通过对比分析结果,确定了固定式刚度测试仪优化后结构的合理性.优化方案解决了初定方案所存在的问题,减小了两边立导柱和衬套之间的摩擦力,改善了摩擦力的不均衡性,使横梁的升降更加平稳.     

基于虚拟技术的频率特性测试仪的研制

分析系统的频率特性，介绍了频率特性测试仪的结构和原理，论述了基于虚拟技术频率特性测试仪的软硬件实现。     

基于DSP的电气参数测试仪研究

分析基于DSP的电气参数测试仪测量原理，非理想同步采样的误差。介绍了测试仪的结构和软件流程。     

一种新型的宝石折射率测定仪

提出了一种新型的宝石折射率测试仪，它与现有的不同结构的测试仪相比，提高了仪器的读数稳定性和可靠性，测量精度达到0．002。     

空间PSS′R机构的结构参数对输入扭矩的影响

给出了空间PSS′R机构当连杆的结构参数变化时，输入扭矩的变化规律。因此，对于两连架杆分别为输入和输出的PSS′R机构，在不改变各构件尺寸及各质量参数的前提下，可根据需要，选择输入扭矩波动值最小或输入扭矩波动值小于某一给定值的结构参数。     

自聚焦光纤列阵参数测试仪及应用

本文详细报导了自聚集光纤列阵参数测试仪的结构、性能和使用。利用该测试仪可以测量阵列的共轭距离、传象宽、分辨率和光量分布等主要参数，从而得到列阵的其它参数。本测试仪的生产为光纤阵列的制造和使用，提供了可靠的测试设备。     

基于单片机控制的电控喷油器测试仪的研制

本文介绍了基于单片机控制的电控喷油器流量测试仪的研制目的和功能要求，并对该测试仪的硬件结构和软件设计方法作了较为详细的阐述。该系统已投入使用，取得了良好效果。     

Robust scene recognition using a GA and real-world raw-image

This paper presents a new concept of scene recognition by a genetic algorithm (GA), using the 2-D gray-scale image of a working space, termed here as raw-image, and a model shaping the 2-D top-surface of a target object. In fact here, the problem of object recognition in the raw-image is changed into an optimization problem of a model-based evaluation function. We make use in this research of a GA, as a search and optimization method. This GA employs a model-based fitness function as its objective function to perform the search of a target in the raw-image. In this research, three object models, namely a frame model, a surface model, and a surface-strips model are investigated in order to determine which one is the best for scene recognition in a noisy environment. Also, in order to appraise the recognition performance of each model, a comparative study is performed by analyzing the answers to the following criteria questions: sensitivity, reliability, and speed. The effectiveness of the method has been verified through experiments using real-world raw-images, and the method has shown its robustness of object recognition with the surface-strips model, in spite of the noises in the scene.     

A re-configurable cross-sectional imaging system for reverse engineering based on a CNC milling machine

This paper presents a novel reverse engineering digitizing system for full part geometry, which is based on a cross-sectional imaging device built in a NC milling machine. The system successively captures a picture for each planar cross-section contour of the part by end-milling and CCD imaging, and builds the geometry for both external and internal surfaces of the complex 3D part based on a set of the vectored cross-sectional contours. The system mainly consists of three components: a NC milling machine, a cross-sectional imaging device and a computer control unit. Some issues involving the principle and process flow of the system, encasing materials, cross-sectional imaging and NC code generation, etc. are described in detail. Built on an existing NC milling machine, a portable device for capturing the cross-sectional images is designed, which includes an isolated light source, a digital camera, a protective case, a rigid arm and a robust tripod. The device, connected to a computer control unit, serves as a highly flexible accessory for the NC milling machine, constructing the cross-sectional imaging system for reverse engineering. Furthermore, the error analysis and accuracy assessment of the system are also addressed. A typical case is discussed in detail to illustrate the applications of the system. Such a re-configurable digitizing system for reverse engineering offers a number of advantages, such as the functional extension of an existing NC milling machine, low costs, and rapid construction. As a result, this system provides a feasible and useful scheme for many enterprises to construct their own reverse measuring system based on existing equipment to aid in rapid product development and extend the function of existing equipment.     

面向客户定制的类BOM的研究

对于面向客户定制的生产和系列化产品来讲,由于不同产品的零部件之间存在相似性,可以建立类BOM来降低不同产品的BOM数量,以便于BOM的管理。本文介绍了类BOM的建立过程、类BOM的概念模型以及类BOM的匹配设计语言描述,最后给出了基于XML的类BOM的实现。     

智能气体识别仪的研究

智能气体识别仪用以识别气体种类,它具有学习识别多种气体的功能。本文介绍了仪器的工作原理、特点及仪器的硬件和软件构成。     

固定式液压缸代替铰接式液压缸的方法探讨

介绍了固定式有铰栓液压缸和同定式无铰栓液压缸与夹紧机构组合而成的系统。有铰栓液压缸用过度连杆与有铰栓的夹具杆连接，无铰栓液压缸通过活塞中间所开的矩形槽与夹具连接。用固定式液压缸代替铰接式液压缸，系统刚性显著提高，冲击及噪音显著降低。     

Plate tearing by a cone

The present paper is concerned with steady-state plate tearing by a cone. This is a scenario where a cone is forced through a ductile metal plate with a constant lateral tip penetration in a motion in the plane of the plate. The considered process could be an idealisation of the damage, which develops in a ship bottom raking accident or a collision with a floating object. The deformation involves a complex mixture of large plastic deformations, fracture and friction. The observed mode of deformation is idealised by a simplified, kinematically admissible deformation mode, and the rate of internal energy dissipation in plasticity, fracture and friction is quantified accordingly by analytical expressions. The idealised mode has two free parameters which are determined from the postulate that they adjust to give the least rate of energy dissipation. The theory is compared to a series of measurements. The coefficient of friction was not measured, so the calculations are presented for different realistic values and it is shown that, for a coefficient of friction of about 0.2, there is a reasonably good agreement between theory and measurements for the in-plane resistance force as well as for the out-of-plane reaction force.     

Development and performance of a magnetic ionic liquid for use in vacuum-compatible non-contact seals

For the electron-beam machining of optical media, a very low rotational speed is required to enable the precise fabrication of grooves of various depths and widths. In addition, a lubricant with a very low vapour pressure, such as an ionic liquid, and a vacuum chamber are needed to avoid contamination of workpieces. Accordingly, the development of a vacuum-compatible hydrostatic bearing using an ionic liquid is required to satisfy these rotational conditions and nanometre-order machining accuracy. To use a hydrostatic bearing in a vacuum environment, a non-contact vacuum seal is needed to avoid leakage of the ionic liquid used as the lubricant. Furthermore, making a non-contact seal using an ionic liquid requires the development of a new type of magnetic ionic liquid. Therefore, this paper describes the development of such a magnetic ionic liquid, which consists of magnetite (Fe₃O₄) particles, a newly synthesized dispersant, and a pyridinium-based ionic liquid. The outgassed products from this magnetic ionic liquid were measured when it was applied to a non-contact seal in a vacuum of about 10⁻⁶ Pa. In addition, its mechanical properties, such as viscosity and burst pressure as a non-contact seal, were measured. From these investigations, it was found that the developed magnetic ionic liquid would meet the requirements for non-contact seals to be used in vacuum-compatible hydrostatic bearings.     

Automatic bias-reduction controller for a scanning tunneling microscope

In order to protect the sample and the tip against current transients in a scanning tunneling microscope, which in most cases damages the scanned surface and the tip, when using a bias higher than 1V, we have designed a simple and low-cost circuit that limits the tunneling current. During the evolution of the current transient, when the current exceeds a pre-determined value, a fast feedback control mechanism immediately reduces the bias and prevents the current transient from developing. In addition, we designed a fast pre-amplifier that works with this controller. We have shown that this mechanism provides a better scanning image compared to a system without such a mechanism.     

Automated fixture configuration using projective geometry approach

The geometric and topological specification of a workpiece boundary is usually represented in a specific data format in a CAD database. To retrieve a set of workpiece data, to analyse its shape in addition to the machining requirements, and to determine the proper fixture configuration accordingly, are not trivial tasks when a part has a complicated shape. The real challenge is to recognise and synthesise the shape of a workpiece from its data representation. Consequently, the decision for fixturing can be made when the shape of a workpiece and the relationship of the shape and the fixturing configuration can be derived by a systematic methodology. In this paper, a projective spatial occupancy enumeration (PSOE) approach is applied as a representational and manipulating scheme for developing algorithms in automatic fixture configuration. The workpiece is projected onto the working plane of the fixture baseplate. A 2D projection is defined as a matrix of cells which can represent a workpiece with an arbitrary shape. Using a discrete search based upon the matrix of cells, the fixture types and their locations are generated according to a set of heuristic algorithms. This work is a generalisation and extension of previous works for prismatic parts. The same methodology is equally applicable in general robot grasping.     

连续热镀锌生产线的简化与数学建模

为研究气刀处的带钢大幅抖动原因,试对带钢连续热镀锌系统进行动力学建模。整个镀锌生产线是一个复杂的大系统,动力学建模时必须对其进行适当简化,以得到一个仅包含热张紧辊、退火段带钢、沉没辊、出锌锅上行段带钢、塔顶辊、下行段带钢、转向辊和八个弹簧支承的比较简单的混杂系统力学模型。先将简化后的混杂系统分成多个子模型,用带钢张力和附加惯性载荷代替边界条件,然后基于牛顿第二定律对这些子模型进行建模,以期得到整个系统的控制方程。此项研究可为混杂系统建模提供一种新参考。