多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承热润滑性能分析

考虑变黏度、密度的情况,建立多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承的数学模型,用有限差分法求解其热流体动力润滑(THD)模型,分别计算12块瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承的最小油膜、压力分布和三维温度场分布,分析不同载荷、不同转速、不同润滑油黏度等对轴承各瓦的热润滑性能影响。结果显示,建立的模型及其计算程序能计算分析多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承的热润滑问题。润滑油黏度和转子转速对多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承的热润滑性能有较大的影响;瓦块绕支点的倾斜以及瓦块所处的角度位置会影响部分瓦块的热润滑性能,出现与普通圆形径向滑动轴承不一致的润滑性能变化。     

多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承热弹流润滑分析

考虑轴瓦弹性变形,建立多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承热弹流润滑(TEHD)分析的数学模型,对比分析多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承热流体动力润滑(THD)与TEHD模型的润滑性能差异,分析轴瓦弹性变形对轴承润滑性能的影响.结果表明,轴瓦弹性变形导致最小油膜厚度减小、流体动压力的梯度下降,但对瓦面温度的影响较小;THD模型高估了轴承的承载能力,在高速重载的场合,这种误差可能导致轴承润滑失效.因此,在滑动轴承设计中有必要考虑轴瓦弹性变形对轴承润滑性能的影响.     

计入热变形影响的内燃机主轴承热流体动力润滑分析

根据动载滑动轴承热流体动力润滑理论,结合热变形矩阵法,提出一种考虑热变形因素影响时的内燃机主轴承热流体动力润滑分析方法,阐述该方法的基本理论和控制方程,探讨热变形因素对主轴承工作时的轴心轨迹、润滑油流量、最大油膜压力和最小油膜厚度等状态参量的影响情况.结合一主轴承实例进行数值仿真分析,仿真分析结果发现,计入热变形影响因素后,同未考虑热变形影响时分析得到的结果相比,轴心运动轨迹发生了很大变化,平均润滑油流量和一个载荷周期内的最大油膜压力均明显增加,一个载荷周期内的最小油膜厚度明显减小,润滑油平均温升则稍有减小.内燃机主轴承在工作时受各种热源因素的影响会产生热变形,在主轴承设计以及内燃机润滑系统供油量设计过程中考虑这种变形因素的影响是很有必要的.     

计入轴变形导致轴颈倾斜的径向滑动轴承流体动力润滑分析

分析讨论了轴 轴承摩擦副系统中,当轴受载变形导致轴颈倾斜时,径向滑动轴承的流体动力润滑特性。推 导了轴颈倾斜时的轴承油膜厚度表达式,计算了不同轴载荷情况下,轴承油膜压力、端泄流量和轴颈摩擦系数。计 算结果表明,轴颈倾斜时,轴承油膜压力分布、最大油膜压力、油膜厚度分布和最小油膜厚度等都有明显的变化。因 此,进行计入轴变形导致轴颈倾斜的径向滑动轴承润滑分析研究是非常必要的。     

滑动轴承热流体动力润滑分析的现状与展望

针对滑动轴承的热流体动力润滑研究,论述了理论分析(包括分析方法、热边界条件、空穴、回流和湍流等)和试验研究的现状,讨论并展望了滑动轴承热流体动力润滑研究中有待解决的一些问题。     

冷挤压塑性流体动力润滑分析

应用流体动力润滑理论和塑性成形原理，分析了冷挤压润滑过程。在挤压的起始和终止阶段为非稳态流体动力润滑，而中间阶段可近似为稳态流体动力润滑。考虑冷挤压在高压及大剪切应变率工况下润滑剂的非牛顿特性，运用Ostwald非牛顿体模型，分别建立了冷挤压非稳态和稳态的塑性流体动力润滑（PHD）模型。采用Monte Carlo法得到了冷挤压润滑过程的油膜厚度、油膜压力以及摩擦力的分布规律。     

轴线偏斜对多瓦径向滑动轴承热润滑性能的影响

分析轴线偏斜对多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承热流体动力润滑性能的影响。计及轴线偏斜与瓦块自由度,推导可倾瓦径向滑动轴承的油膜厚度方程,建立数学模型,计算单自由度、双自由度2种瓦块支承的径向滑动轴承在不同偏斜程度时的最小油膜厚度、压力和三维温度分布,并分析偏斜对这2种轴承热流体动力润滑性能的影响。结果表明,轴线偏斜对单自由度瓦径向滑动轴承有较大影响,会使单自由度瓦块的可倾瓦径向滑动轴承的油膜压力在轴向分布不对称,导致瓦块支承处产生不平衡的力矩,而对双自由度瓦径向滑动轴承的润滑性能几乎没有影响。     

基于有限长线接触的锥齿轮热弹流润滑分析

为了研究锥齿轮的热弹流润滑机理,基于弹性流体动力润滑理论,建立有限长线接触模型,研究了直齿圆锥齿轮热弹流润滑特性。首先,将直齿圆锥齿轮热弹流问题近似等效为两同向圆锥滚子的准稳态热弹流润滑问题,应用多重网格法和逐列扫描法求解了锥齿轮整个接触线上的油膜压力、油膜厚度及固体和油膜中层的温度。结果表明,直齿圆锥齿轮沿齿宽方向上各点的压力、膜厚、温度均不相同。其中,小端的油膜压力略大于大端的油膜压力;小端的油膜厚度小于大端的油膜厚度;沿齿宽方向的温度分布差异较为明显,油膜中层的温度大于两固体表面的温度。该研究为直齿圆锥齿轮的润滑设计提供一定的理论依据。     

考虑轴颈偏斜的多瓦径向滑动轴承热流体动力润滑分析

建立考虑轴颈偏斜的多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承热弹流润滑(TEHD)分析的数学模型,求解轴瓦表面当量弹性变形,计算得到轴颈偏斜时的瓦块油膜厚度、油膜压力分布和瓦面温度分布等,并对比分析无轴线偏斜和有轴线偏斜情况,得到多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承的热弹流润滑性能差异.结果表明,TEHD模型下,轴颈偏斜会导致轴承油膜厚度、油膜压力和瓦面温度等分布在轴向不对称,并且导致轴承油膜厚度明显减小.     

制造误差对多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承热流体动力润滑性能的影响

建立考虑制造误差的多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承热弹流润滑(TEHD)分析的计算模型,计算得到有制造误差时的瓦块油膜厚度、油膜压力、瓦面温度分布等,并对比分析多瓦可倾瓦径向滑动轴承在有无制造误差时的热弹流润滑性能差异。结果表明,轴径误差会导致最大油膜压力显著增大,轴瓦瓦面曲率半径误差会导致最小油膜厚度和最大油膜压力均有一定增大,而预载荷误差对轴承的润滑性能无明显影响。     

Determination of thermal state of sliding bearing with fluid lubrication

The load-carrying capacity of sliding bearing operating in the fluid lubrication mode is determined on the basis of the solution of the differential equations of motion and continuity of the lubricant filling the clearance between the journal and bushing. The method is developed for the heat calculation of the sliding bearing on the basis of the hydrodynamic lubrication theory.     

油水混合对径向滑动轴承润滑性能的影响

基于流体动压润滑基础理论,利用数值计算方法,在MATLAB软件中建立径向滑动轴承油水混合动压润滑的数学模型,对比分析润滑油中不同含水量对径向滑动轴承润滑性能的影响。结果表明:润滑油中混入少量的水对滑动轴承液膜的厚度和压力产生了一定的影响,最小液膜厚度随含水量的增加而减小,最大液膜压力随含水量的增加而增加;润滑油中混入少量水使得液膜合力和摩擦力变大,将不利于轴承的动压润滑,从而导致轴承润滑性能变差,并且加大轴承的摩擦磨损,降低径向滑动轴承的使用寿命。     

Methodology of physical modeling of sliding bearings

A new method is proposed to calculate sliding bearings considering geometrical and operational parameters of the test model. It is shown that the use of the initial condition of the infinite length of a hydrodynamic sliding bearing at pressurized lubrication is ungrounded since it does not take into consideration flow regimes of the lubricant at the inlet and outlet. To reproduce real operation regimes of hydrodynamic sliding bearings in physical models it is advisable to apply the principle of similarity by the Sommerfeld and Reynolds numbers. It is shown that the proposed method can be implemented with standard friction machines to determine experimentally and optimize the geometrical and operational parameters of hydrodynamic sliding bearings in order to improve their designs more reasonably.     

用指数型粘度模型计算径向滑动轴承

本文应用指数型粘度修正模型进行薄膜润滑径向滑动轴承的计算分析，得出了考虑润滑剂与金属壁面相互作用时径向轴承的特性，同时进行与常规计算轴承的比较，为进行表面沉积层润滑性能分析和机理分析提供理论指导。     

A calculated model for the porosity effect of a self-lubricating composite on its lubrication property

The fluid lubricating film of a soft solid lubricant on a porous composite surface after a sliding process is analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the self-lubrication mechanism of the porous composite can also result in a conventional hydrodynamic lubrication.A calculated model for porous self-lubricating composites with realistically rough surfaces is developed. The results show that the lubrication property is affected by the porosity. This effect does not change with the surface morphology even though the morphology promotes a hydrodynamic lubrication effect. The result indicates that the optimum porosity of the composite improves the lubricating properties. Therefore, the optimization of the composite microstructure can improve the lifespan of the mechanical component.     

Effect of loading direction on the performance of a twin-axial groove cylindrical-bore bearing

An analysis based on the finite-element method is presented for the incompressible hydrodynamic lubrication of a cylindrical-bore bearing subjected to different loading directions. The model accounts fully for the extent of the lubricant film in both load-carrying and ruptured parts of the bearing. A number of loading directions are considered, and the results when computed show that load-carrying ability, hydrodynamic flow and attitude angle all depend significantly on loading direction.     

磁力泵推力滑动轴承失效分析及改进

对中石化安庆分公司丙烯腈装置磁力泵推力滑动轴承失效原因进行了分析，认为推力滑动轴承表面几何形状不合理导致难以形成流体动压润滑膜是失效的原因。将滑动摩擦表面改造成波浪形斜面，并通过数值模拟计算研究求出了最佳的斜面倾角。改造后的推力滑动轴承通过实际使用证明效果良好，延长了使用寿命。     

Analysis of viscosity interaction on the misaligned conical–cylindrical bearing

Viscosity is an essential property in hydrodynamic lubrication. In general, the lubricant is not considered to have uniform viscosity within a given bearing. The viscosity of the lubricant is affected by both pressure and temperature. The viscosity of the lubricant increases with pressure and for most lubricants, this effect is much larger than that of temperature or shear when the pressure is significantly above than the atmospheric pressure. This study analyzes the thermal effect of conical–cylindrical bearing performance parameters via the viscosity–pressure–temperature relationships of lubricants. The results reveal that pressure increases both the film viscosity and temperature as well.     

Experimental Study on Lubrication Film Thickness Under Different Interface Wettabilities

This paper describes some experimental studies about the effect of interface wettability on hydrodynamic lubrication film thickness by a custom-made slider bearing tester. The lubricated contact pair consists of a fixed-incline slider and a transparent disc, and a thin lubrication film can be generated when the disc rotates. The film thickness was measured by interferometry. The wettability of different slider surfaces was evaluated by the contact angle of the lubricant on them. The relationship of film thickness versus disc speed was measured under different liquid–solid interfaces, and the results showed that slider surfaces with strong wettability to the lubricant could generate higher film thickness. Furthermore, case experiments were carried out to validate the hydrodynamic effect by tailored-slippage. By numerical simulations, the experimental findings were tentatively explained with the phenomenon of wall slippage.