Cl~-浓度对0359铝合金在模拟海洋大气环境中腐蚀的影响

通过连续盐雾腐蚀实验对0359铝合金在模拟环境中进行了腐蚀研究,主要考查Cl-浓度对其腐蚀性能的影响,分析了腐蚀试样的表面形貌、腐蚀产物、点蚀深度和腐蚀失重。结果表明:Cl-浓度对0359铝合金的腐蚀具有明显的加速作用;腐蚀形貌以点蚀为主,随Cl-浓度增加,点蚀逐步扩展,点蚀深度和腐蚀失重分别由1%浓度时6.36μm、0.833 3 g/m2增加到9%浓度时的26.30μm和9.50 g/m2。以万宁地区户外暴露腐蚀失重为参考,该合金可满足海洋大气环境中10年以上的使用寿命。     

新型铸造铝合金在海洋大气环境中腐蚀性能

通过盐雾腐蚀试验模拟研究新型铸造铝合金在海洋大气环境中的腐蚀规律,使用扫描电镜和X射线能谱仪对试样的表面形貌和腐蚀产物进行分析。结果表明:Cl-对铝合金腐蚀有显著的加速作用,盐雾试验初期表现出点蚀坑;随盐雾时间增长,点蚀相互连接并扩展。     

SO_3~(2-)浓度对5052铝合金在交变电场、干湿交替条件下腐蚀行为的影响

采用pH为4.0的含氯腐蚀液及400kV·m~(-1)交变电场模拟工业输电环境,研究了SO_3~(2-)浓度(0.005,0.01,0.02,0.05,0.1mol·L~(-1))对5052铝合金在交变电场中干湿交替环境下腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明:随着SO_3~(2-)浓度增加,5052铝合金的腐蚀质量增加、自腐蚀电位、溶液电阻、电荷转移电阻先增大后减小,自腐蚀电流密度、腐蚀速率则先减小后增大;当SO_3~(2-)浓度为0.005～0.01mol·L~(-1)时,合金以点蚀为主,点蚀坑内开始出现成分为Al2O3、Al2O3·3H2O的龟裂状腐蚀产物;随SO_3~(2-)浓度继续增加,合金表面腐蚀坑减少,与基体结合紧密的龟裂状腐蚀产物增多;SO_3~(2-)浓度为0.02mol·L~(-1)时,合金腐蚀速率最小,腐蚀程度最低。     

浅谈不锈钢杆表面处理方法

不锈钢杆防腐保护及表面腐蚀修复一直困扰着装备修理工作。本文根据装备使用的环境并结合修理实际,针对长期处于海水中不锈钢杆,出现点蚀及缝隙腐蚀提出了修复方法。同时本文重点分析高温、高盐、盐雾等复杂海洋环境下对不锈钢材料影响,表面腐蚀破坏的机理,提出不锈钢杆在修理过程中的修复工艺步骤,提高不锈钢杆使用寿命建议。     

45钢表面激光熔覆Ni20合金粉末的组织及耐腐蚀性能研究

利用激光熔覆技术,在45钢表面制备了Ni20合金粉末熔覆层,通过SEM、XRD等方法分析表明研究涂层相及组织。利用CHI660B电化学测试系统,测试膜层及基体的开路电位及极化曲线,采用SY/Q-750型盐雾腐蚀试验箱,对熔覆层的耐腐蚀性能进行研究。结果表明:熔覆层与基体形成良好的冶金结合;熔覆层组织具有定向凝固特征且晶粒生长方向垂直于界面;熔覆层主要由CrNiFeC,Fe3Ni2,Ni3Cr2等相组成;Ni20合金合金粉末激光熔覆层在3.5%NaCl盐雾中的腐蚀为局部点蚀,45钢为均匀腐蚀,熔覆层腐蚀速率仅为45钢的一半;电化学测试表明熔覆层的自腐蚀电位较45钢正移,具有更小腐蚀电流密度。     

Sr元素添加对铝硅合金电化学腐蚀行为的影响

利用电化学测试、扫描电镜和能谱分析等方法,对不同 Sr 元素添加量合金在1 M HCl 溶液中电化学腐蚀表面形貌的变化以及开路电位和动电位极化曲线进行了研究。结果表明,由于 Cl-的侵蚀作用,铝硅合金在1 M HCl中发生点蚀破坏,随着腐蚀时间的延长,未添加 Sr 元素合金的点蚀扩展并形成腐蚀缝隙,而经0.04%Sr变质的合金则保持点蚀的纵向加深与扩展。微量 Sr 元素的加入,一方面,促使铝硅合金中片状初生硅转变为纤维状共晶硅,使开路电位负移;另一方面,促进铝氧化,形成钝化膜,减缓Cl-侵蚀作用,增强合金耐点蚀性。在0.1 M HCl溶液中,Sr元素的添加量为0.1%时,ZL102合金的耐腐蚀性最佳。     

7N01-T4铝合金腐蚀疲劳行为研究

开展了7N01-T4铝合金在实验室空气、潮湿空气和3.5%Na Cl盐雾环境下的疲劳S-N曲线测试,研究了这2种腐蚀介质对7N01-T4铝合金疲劳性能的影响。结果表明:7N01铝合金在2种腐蚀介质下缺口敏感度系数比实验室空气环境下的缺口敏感度系数出现不同程度的下降,其中潮湿空气环境下缺口敏感度系数的影响大于3.5%Na Cl盐雾环境;2种试样形式(Kt=1和Kt=3)无论是在潮湿空气环境下还是盐雾环境下的腐蚀影响系数相当接近,3.5%Na Cl盐雾环境腐蚀影响系数小于潮湿空气环境;潮湿空气环境和3.5%Na Cl盐雾环境DFR值均有不同程度下降,3.5%Na Cl盐雾环境对DFR值的影响大于潮湿空气。     

SO_2质量分数对污染海洋大气环境中高强钢E690腐蚀行为的影响

采用干湿交替腐蚀试验方法,结合电化学测试、锈层截面和腐蚀产物X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,XRD)分析,研究SO_2质量分数对E690钢在模拟污染海洋大气环境中腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明,海洋大气环境中的SO_2改变了E690钢海洋大气腐蚀的电化学机制,使得极化曲线的阳极分支由弱钝化特征转变为活性溶解特征,阴极分支由氧扩散过程控制转变为氧扩散和析氢反应共同控制,因而大大促进了阳极和阴极的电化学反应过程。同时,SO_2又显著促进α-Fe OOH的生成和Ni、Cr合金元素在内锈层中的富集,大大促进锈层的致密化,使均匀腐蚀速率逐渐减低,并促进锈层底部点蚀坑的生长。随着模拟溶液中Na HSO_3浓度的增加,E690钢在60 d内的平均腐蚀速率逐渐增加,当Na HSO_3浓度达到0.03 mol/L时,又出现一定程度的降低;同时,锈层底部的点蚀坑随Na HSO_3浓度的增加显著长大。     

Monel合金粒子注入对MoS_2固体润滑膜形貌及性能的影响

采用扫描电镜观察、摩擦磨损试验和盐雾试验等研究了Monel合金粒子注入对MoS2固体润滑膜形貌及摩擦性能、耐盐雾腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:Monel合金粒子的注入使MoS2膜层更加致密完整,有效提高了MoS2固体润滑膜的润滑性能和耐腐蚀性能,其平均摩擦因数约为0.103,摩擦寿命超过60mim;盐雾试验后膜层的润滑性能变化不大,膜层的保护等级和外观等级均为10级,满足航天飞行器特种固体润滑材料在海洋环境下的润滑和耐盐雾腐蚀的双重要求。     

船用自动化仪表在高盐雾环境下的抗腐蚀能力及应用

以船用自动化仪表的实际工况为基础,对船用自动化仪表在盐雾环境中所受到的影响进行分析和研究。根据盐雾腐蚀机理,结合船用自动化仪表功能基础和性能需求,提出了盐雾环境中提高设备抗盐雾腐蚀能力的设计、工艺方案。并应用于x型船用柴油机监测仪表结构上。通过盐雾试验对x型船用柴油机监测仪表的抗盐雾能力进行考核。对降低成本、提高产品实用性和可靠性有着重要意义。     

Investigating the effects of hard anodizing parameters on surface hardness of hard anodized aerospace AL7075-T6 alloy using fuzzy logic approach for fretting fatigue application

Aerospace applications and energy saving strategies in general raised the interest and study in the field of lightweight materials, especially on aluminum alloys. Aluminum alloy itself does not have suitable wear resistance. Therefore, improvements of surface properties are required in practical applications, especially surface hardness when aluminum is in contact with other parts. In this work, first Al7075-T6 was coated using hard anodizing technique in different parameters condition and the surfaces hardness of hard anodizing-coated specimens were measured using microhardness machine. Second, fretting fatigue life of AL7075-T6 was investigated for both uncoated and hard anodized specimens at the highest surface hardness obtained. Third, a fuzzy logic model was established to investigate the effect of hard anodizing parameters, voltage, temperature, solution concentration, and time on the anodized AL7075-T6. Four fuzzy membership functions are allocated to be connected with each input of the model. The results achieved via fuzzy logic model were verified and compared with the experimental result. The result demonstrated settlement between the fuzzy model and experimental results with 95.032 % accuracy. The hardness of hard anodizing-coated specimens was increased up to 360 HV, while the hardness of uncoated specimens was 170 HV. The result shows that hard anodizing improved the fretting fatigue life of AL7075-T6 alloy 44 % in low-cycle fatigue.     

高压直流电场对5052铝合金在模拟海水干湿交替条件下腐蚀行为的影响

研究了0~400kV·m^-1直流电场强度下5052铝合金在模拟海水(质量分数3.5%NaCl溶液)干湿交替条件下的腐蚀行为。结果表明:随着电场强度的增加,铝合金的单位面积质量损失和腐蚀速率都增大,随着腐蚀时间的延长,单位面积质量损失增加,但腐蚀速率降低;在腐蚀初期(0~7d),铝合金表面主要发生点蚀,且随电场强度的增加,点蚀加剧;在腐蚀中期(7~15d),主要发生剥落腐蚀,且电场强度越大,剥落越严重;在腐蚀后期(15~30d),交替发生钝化、钝化膜破裂、微电偶腐蚀、剥落腐蚀过程。     

Effect of pre-treatment polishing on fabrication of anodic aluminum oxide using commercial aluminum alloy

Aluminum anodizing is a process in which metal is oxidized with an electrochemical method to make a metallic oxide. Because it can be used to manufacture an Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) with dozens to hundreds of nanoscale pores that are vertically and uniformly arranged, it is widely applied in a variety of fields. In particular, most of the pre-treatment methods in the anodic oxidation processes using a high-purity aluminum adopt surface treatment through electrolyte polishing. In this study, complex polishing was performed using an abrasive film and Magnetorheological (MR) fluid for a commercial aluminum alloy to produce a uniform porous oxidized aluminum. The surface roughness and surface integrity were analyzed after each process to investigate the production behavior of AAO in relation to the pre-treatment of the surface. In addition, a study was conducted on the nano-pore production by the anodizing process in accordance with the pre-treatment polishing, in terms of the work-hardening and residual stress. Thus, in the anodic oxidation process, it was possible to generate uniform nano-pores when surface integrity including surface roughness and residual stress distribution of the aluminum alloys are excellent. Test results showed that the polishing process using the MR fluid did not generate process scratches and pits, but could effectively remove the work-hardening and compressive residual stress, proving that MR fluid polishing method is a suitable pre-treatment process to produce nano-pores in the anodizing process.

     

星载缝隙波导天线热控涂层的制备工艺

铝合金光亮阳极氧化型热控涂层具有生产效率高、成本低、不增加产品重量及热控参数稳定可控等特点,正逐渐成为星载SAR天线缝隙波导的首选热控涂层。文中采用硫酸光亮阳极氧化工艺,研究了铝合金复杂结构星载缝隙波导表面热控涂层的制备工艺流程及涂层的试验方法。试验结果表明,该涂层能在空间环境中长期可靠地工作,其热控参数满足整星热设计的需求。     

喷射成形7075合金回归再时效处理的组织和抗应力腐蚀性能

喷射成形7075铝合金是典型的时效强化合金,通过T6处理可得高强度,但其抗应力腐蚀开裂(Stress corrosion cracking, SCC)等性能较差;T7处理虽可改善抗SCC性能,但合金的强度却损失严重。为此,采用常温拉伸测试、电导率测试和透射电镜观察等手段,研究4种回归再时效(Retrogression and re-ageing, RRA)处理对喷射成形7075铝合金显微组织及抗SCC性能变化的影响,分析探讨RRA处理与合金性能变化之间的关系。结果表明,合金经200/10 min 回归和再时效处理,抗拉强度和电导率均较好,分别是748 MPa和22.8 MS/m;随着回归处理的进行,基体中的GP区和η′相逐渐回溶,当200 ℃回归处理超过10 min,合金晶粒内再次析出η相,使合金强度小幅上升;回归过程中η相先回溶再析出,因此不同回归状态下RRA处理后的合金晶内组织形貌差异较大。RRA处理后晶内大量再析出的η相与晶界处粗化并断开的η相可以在保持合金高强度的基础上显著改善其抗SCC性能。     

Study on rotational fretting wear of 7075 aluminum alloy

Rotational fretting wear tests in a ball-on-flat configuration have been successfully realized on a special rotational fretting rig developed from an ultra-low-speed reciprocating rotational driver. The rotational fretting behavior of 7075 aluminum alloy against 52 100 steel was studied under different angular displacement amplitudes and normal loads. The results showed that both F_t?θ and F_t/F_n curves can be used to characterize the rotational fretting running behavior, which exhibited different curve shapes and variation trends in different fretting running regimes. The rotational fretting behavior of 7075 aluminum alloy was strongly dependent on the angular displacement amplitude, normal load and number of cycles. The wear of 7075 aluminum alloy was characterized by slight attrition in the partial slip regime, while a combination of delamination, abrasive and oxidative wear was found in the slip and mixed fretting regimes. The formation of a central bulge probably due to plastic flow was observed under gross slip condition of the rotational fretting mode.     

高强度铝合金盐雾加速腐蚀试验研究

使用pH为3．0、浓度为5％的酸性NaCl溶液（使用冰醋酸调节pH值）作为腐蚀加速溶液，对高强度的航空铝合金7075进行连续盐雾腐蚀试验。试验结果表明，该加速腐蚀试验对大气腐蚀试验有较好的加速性和模拟性。根据对腐蚀试验件的力学性能测试结果，提出从腐蚀损伤的角度对材料进行腐蚀研究的方法。讨论以腐蚀损伤等效概念为基础，建立当量腐蚀加速关系。     

Corrosion and wear of 6082 aluminum alloy

The corrosion and corrosive wear resistance of 6082 wrought aluminum alloy against 410 stainless steel counterface in 0.01 M NaCl solution with different concentrations of sodium molybdate dihydrate solution (0, 0.01, 0.1 and 0.5 M), were studied. The experimental results indicated that the increase in sodium molybdate dihydrate acted as an inhibitor in the 0.01 M NaCl solution resulting in a significant decrease in the corrosion current, meaning improved corrosion resistance. During the corrosive wear under free corrosion conditions of 6082 aluminum alloy specimens against 410 stainless steel counterface, the addition of sodium molybdate dihydrate inhibitor, leads to a decrease in friction coefficient of the examined pair of materials. The dominant wear mechanisms of the aluminum alloy were mainly observed to be plastic deformation and abrasion. These wear mechanisms coexisted with pitting corrosion phenomena, on the surface of this alloy.     

铝合金表面活性燃烧高速燃气喷涂WC涂层的耐中性盐雾腐蚀性能

利用活性燃烧高速燃气(AC-HVAF)喷涂技术在7075高强铝合金基体上制备了WC-10C04Cr和WC-14Co涂层,并利用SEM、EDS、XRD、电化学测试以及中性盐雾(NaCl)腐蚀试验等方法分析了涂层的物相、微观组织、耐腐蚀性能和腐蚀产物形貌.结果表明:所制备的WC涂层均未出现明显的脱碳现象,都很致密,孔隙率低于1%且与基体结合较好;WC涂层的腐蚀电位明显高于7075铝合金基体的,而涂层中hA.铬元素后进一步提高了涂层的腐蚀电位;WC-10C04Cr涂层在600 h中性盐雾试验中的耐腐蚀性能好于WC-14Co涂层的.