45钢表面微凹腔激光加工工艺

采用"单脉冲同点间隔多次"工艺和"单因素分析法"对45钢进行激光焦点位置、激光功率密度、脉冲重复次数等激光加工工艺参数变化影响激光微造型加工质量的研究。通过此工艺加工的凹腔半径大约为58μm,一个脉冲深度大约为2μm,凹腔圆度好,分布均匀,熔渣少;当激光头距试样加工表面距离为2 mm,激光功率为1.84 W～3.82 W时,重复次数为1～10次时,加工出微凹腔质量最好,重复频率对其影响不大。     

新型零泄漏非接触式机械密封及其激光表面微造型跨尺度加工工艺研究

介绍一种在密封环端面具有微观凹腔和宏观泵送槽的新型机械密封.基于流体动压润滑理论,对其表面的微观和宏观几何形貌进行了初步设计;采用先进的激光表面造型技术(LST),利用"单脉冲同点间隔多次"激光加工工艺,在SiC试样上进行激光造型工艺试验,分析输出波长、激光功率、脉冲宽度、重复频率、重叠系数和辅助气体等激光加工参数对SiC材料几何形貌质量的影响;成功地在机械密封环端面加工出高质量的微观凹腔和宏观泵送槽,解决了机械密封环端面跨尺度加工的难题.     

单晶硅表面微结构纳秒脉冲激光加工研究

以单晶硅为对象,使用波长355 nm、脉宽15 ns的纳秒激光对单晶硅进行烧蚀加工试验研究.基于单因素法设计并完成了单晶硅纳秒脉冲激光直线刻蚀试验,探究了激光输出功率、激光脉冲重复频率、激光扫描速度和扫描次数对纳秒脉冲激光加工单晶硅表面形貌的影响规律.基于优化的加工工艺参数,在单晶硅表面制备出方形阵列的微结构.     

发动机气缸内表面激光微织构工艺试验研究

应用激光表面微织构技术加工缸壁储油槽,可保证储油槽的形貌精度。激光微织构加工装置的工艺参数(激光器控制参数)主要有激光焦距、激光功率密度和脉冲重复次数等。建立了不同工艺参数下凹腔织构的三维形貌和二维剖面形貌图,分析了不同工艺参数对凹腔形貌参数的影响规律。实验结果表明,合适的激光焦距、激光功率密度和脉冲重复次数能使凹腔的表面织构形貌最佳。     

激光参数对钛合金薄板毛化形貌的影响

为了提高钛合金薄板与复合材料之间的粘结性能,需要对钛合金薄板进行激光毛化处理,重点在于找到合适的激光加工工艺参数。对各个参数采用单因素轮换法进行实验,结果表明,在选取适当的保护气体侧吹角度、气压的情况下,激光输入电流、脉冲宽度、离焦量对毛化点微观形貌的影响最直接;重复频率、加工速度的影响次之。此外通过在显微镜下研究毛化点的微观结构,总结出各个激光参数对毛化点平均直径、微凸起高度及材料的表面粗糙度的影响,并得出了相关的规律。     

陶瓷喷嘴Nd:YAG激光精密打孔应用研究

通过在陶瓷喷嘴上进行激光打孔的多种工艺参数试验，分析了激光能量、脉冲宽度和激光频率等对打孔质量的影响，摸索出了一套切实有效的激光打孔工艺参数，较好地解决了小孔锥度问题，加工出了合格的陶瓷小孔样品。并对激光加工工艺参数进行了多因素分析，探讨了多种加工工艺参数对加工小孔锥度的影响。     

刀具表面微织构激光加工方法研究与分析

在刀具的表面加工微织构,可显著提升刀具的切削性能,大幅提高刀具耐用度并延长刀具的使用寿命。本文利用脉冲激光在硬质合金(WC-Co,YG8)刀具的表面加工微织构,重点对激光功率、频率、脉冲个数和光斑直径对微坑织构的尺寸、形貌以及激光加工中产生微裂纹的影响进行了系列试验研究。采用波长λ=1064nm、激光功率W=90W、频率f=20Hz、脉冲个数n=20、光斑直径d=500μm的激光参数,在硬质合金刀片300℃预热处理后,用带有4个档位的超声振动辅助手段在刀具表面加工微坑织构。并选用原始激光加工后的硬质合金片和热处理超声振动辅助激光加工后的硬质合金刀片进行比较,试验结果表明,当刀具采用预热处理后,辅以超声振动进行激光加工的方法对控制刀具表面织构尺寸精度、刀具表面形貌的均一稳定和抑制表面微裂纹的产生具有重要意义。     

准分子激光加工参数对表面形貌影响的模糊分析

采用准分子激光微细加工方法 ,选用不同的工艺参数加工Al2 O3 陶瓷材料试件。通过表面轮廓仪测量并计算表面形貌统计参数。分析了激光加工工艺参数对表面形貌的影响 ,利用模糊分析方法 ,就激光器的放大器电压、激光脉冲频率、激光扫描速度等工艺参数对表面形貌轮廓均方根值Rq 的影响进行了评价。结果表明 ,Rq 值随激光器的放大器电压和激光脉冲频率的增大而增大 ,随激光扫描速度的增大而减小。分析得出 ,激光加工工艺参数对表面形貌的影响程度不同 ,由大到小依次为激光扫描速度、激光脉冲频率、放大器电压。因此 ,可以通过合理地选择工艺参数获得所需求的表面形貌 ,为表面微观形貌修饰提供了参考依据。     

摩擦副表面Nd:YAG激光微造型技术及其应用研究

在声光调Q二级管泵浦固体光源（DPSS）Nd：YAG激光器基础上，采用“单脉冲同点间隔多次”激光微加工工艺，对灰铸铁材料进行表面微造型加工。试验研究表面，该工艺能克服热效应产生的不良影响，有效防止金属熔融和重铸现象。通过选择合适的脉冲次数、激光波长以及辅助气体工艺，可获得较理想的微腔形貌和表面质量。采用JXA-840A分析了微加工形貌，表明微腔（槽）表面留有一层致密的硬化层，且与基体结合良好。通过对CA6DF2-26型柴油机激光珩磨缸套的性能试验，表明与普通平顶珩磨相比，柴油机机油耗降低53％，漏气量降低33％-50％。     

45号 钢表面微凹槽织构激光加工工艺

为优化激光表面织构技术加工微凹槽的工艺参数,采用声光调Q二极管泵浦Nd:YAG激光器在45#钢表面开展工艺试验研究。通过WKYO NT1100三维形貌测量仪获得织构形貌,应用单因素法分析泵浦电流、脉冲重复频率、扫描速度工艺参数对织构形貌的影响。结果表明,随着泵浦电流的增加,微凹槽织构的宽度和深度均随之增大;随着重复频率的增加,微凹槽织构的宽度逐渐变小,而深度先变大后变小;随着扫描速度的增加,微凹槽织构的宽度逐渐增大,而深度逐渐减小。通过对上述参数的优化可以获得较为理想的微凹槽形貌,较佳工艺参数范围为：泵浦电流15～17 A,重复频率1 500～2 500 Hz,扫描速度10～20 mm/s。     

Tribological Properties of Lubricating Films on the Al-Si Alloy Surface via Laser Surface Texturing

Dimpled textures were prepared by using a pulse solid laser on the surface of Al-Si alloy. The combination of laser surface texturing (LST) and MoS₂ solid lubricant as well as their tribological properties were investigated in this article. The obtained friction and wear data were critically analyzed to investigate how the parameters of texture influence the tribological performance of Al-Si alloy. Furthermore, morphological investigations of the transfer layers on the worn surfaces were performed and the wear mechanisms are discussed. The results show that the combination of LST and solid lubricant improves the tribological characteristics of Al-Si alloy. The friction coefficient of Al-Si alloy: steel friction pairs can be reduced to 0.15 under dry friction. The lubrication mechanism is attributed to a synergetic effect of providing solid lubricant and traps wear debris in the dimples. It was found that the optimum density of structure was 37% for excellent tribological properties.     

The Effect of Laser Texturing of Steel Surfaces and Speed-Load Parameters on the Transition of Lubrication Regime from Boundary to Hydrodynamic

Laser surface texturing (LST) is an emerging, effective method for improving the tribological performance of friction units lubricated with oil. In LST technology, a pulsating laser beam is used to create thousands of arranged microdimples on a surface by a material ablation process. These dimples generate hydrodynamic pressure between oil-lubricated parallel sliding surfaces. The impact of LST on lubricating-regime transitions was investigated in this study. Tribological experiments were carried out on pin-on-disk test apparatus at sliding speeds that ranged from 0.15 to 0.75 m/s and nominal contact pressures that ranged from 0.16 to 1.6 MPa. Two types of oil with different viscosities (54.8 cSt and 124.7 cSt at 40°C) were evaluated as lubricants. Electrical resistance between flat-pin and laser-textured disks was used to determine the operating lubrication regime. The test results showed that laser texturing expanded the range of speed-load parameters for hydrodynamic lubrication. LST also reduced the measured friction coefficients of contacts that operated under the hydrodynamic regime. The beneficial effects of laser surface texturing are more pronounced at higher speeds and loads and with higher viscosity oil.     

The effect of laser surface texturing on transitions in lubrication regimes during unidirectional sliding contact

Laser surface texturing (LST) is an emerging effective method for improving the tribological performance of friction units lubricated with oil. In LST technology, a pulsating laser beam is used to create thousands of arranged microdimples on a surface by a material ablation process. These dimples generate hydrodynamic pressure between oil-lubricated parallel sliding surfaces. The impact of LST on lubricating-regime transitions was investigated in this study. Tribological experiments were conducted with a pin-on-disk apparatus at sliding speeds in the range of 0.015–0.75 m/s and nominal contact pressures that ranged from 0.16 to 1.6 MPa. Two oils with different viscosities (54.8 and 124.7 cSt at 40 °C) were used as lubricants. The test results showed that laser texturing expanded the contact parameters in terms of load and speed for hydrodynamic lubrication, as indicated by friction transitions on the Stribeck curve. The beneficial effects of laser surface texturing are more pronounced at higher speeds and loads and with higher viscosity oil.     

A Periodically Pulsed HF(DF) Gas-Discharge Laser

The design of a repetitively pulsed HF(DF) gas-discharge laser with an active-medium volume of 60 × 2.3 × 1.2 cm³, a pulse radiation energy of 1.6 (1.2) J, and a pulse repetition rate of 1–2 Hz is described. A zeolite-based absorber is used to stabilize the energy characteristics of the laser operating without the forced circulation of the laser mixture. An energy decrease by 50% after 10³ laser shots is obtained at a pulse repetition rate of 1 Hz.     

Modeling of machined depth in laser surface texturing of medical needles

The present paper addresses the experimental modeling of process parameters in laser surface texturing (LST) of medical needles. First, experiments were carried out based on Taguchi methodology. The laser process parameters considered during LST were the circumferential overlap, axial overlap and the overscan number. A second-order regression model of the machined depth for LST was developed based on the experimental results. Second, a predictive model for the machined depth based on least squares support vector machines (LS-SVM) with radial basis functions was constructed using the same experimental swatches. Grid search and leave-one-out cross-validation were used to determine the optimal parameters of the LS-SVM model. The comparison between the second-order regression model and the LS-SVM model was carried out. The experiments indicated that the LS-SVM model is capable of better predictions of the machined depth than the second-order regression model. The validity of the LS-SVM model has been checked through the creation of micro-channels with blended edges. It was found that the predicted profile was in a good agreement with the experimental profiles. The LS-SVM model can be used to predict machined geometry of the micro-channels on medical needles.     

可调谐声光调Q CO2激光器

摘要：利用调Q脉冲激光器速率方程计算了自行设计的声光调Q小型CO2激光器的主要技术参数,分析了影响声光调Q CO2激光器输出的主要因素,提出了优化设计的途径和方法,实验结果与理论计算基本一致。经优化设计的激光器脉冲重复频率达1Hz～50kHz, 1kHz时在获得脉宽180ns,峰值功率4062w的激光输出,并利用光栅实现了激光输出波长的连续调谐,波长调谐范围9.2μm～10.8μm,该激光器在激光测距、环境探测及空间通讯等领域具有广泛的用途。     

Impact of the Oil Temperature on the Frictional Behavior of Laser-Structured Surfaces

This study investigates how the beneficial effects of laser-manufactured surface microstructures on friction vary with varying oil temperature. Laser surface texturing (LST) is a favorable method to optimize friction and wear, which have always been considerable obstacles against the performance improvement of combustion engines. The aim of this study is to detect correlations between the dimensional parameters of the laser-textured surfaces and tribological performance at varying temperatures. Although the experiments are on a fundamental level, the obvious application of combustion engines has been selected to align the material, processing, and test parameters. A wide range of micro indentations—henceforth called “dimples”—were fabricated onto honed flat aluminum samples by means of ultrashort pulse laser texturing and the frictional behavior at different lubricating oil temperatures (30 and 90?°C) was analyzed.     

An Experimental Study and Statistical Analysis of the Effect of Laser Pulse Energy on the Geometric Quality During Laser Precision Machining

In laser precision machining, process parameters have critical effects on the geometric quality of the machined parts. Due to the nature of the interrelated process parameters involved, an operator has to make a host of complex decisions, based on trial-and-error methods, to set the process control parameters related to the laser, workpiece material, and motion system. The objective of this work is to investigate experimentally the effect of laser pulse energy on the geometric quality of the machined parts in terms of accuracy, precision, and surface quality. Experimental study of formation of machined craters on thin copper foil with variation in laser pulse energy, the geometry and the surface topology of craters is presented. The geometrical parameters were measured and statistically analyzed with respect to incident pulse energy. Statistical analysis including pattern recognition was employed to analyze the experimental data systematically and to serve proper selection of the process parameters to achieve the desired geometric quality of the machined parts. Plausible trends in the crater geometry with respect to the laser pulse energy are discussed. The technique has been verified experimentally on simple geometrical features such as circles and grooves, and the geometric quality is evaluated.     

An Experimental Study and Statistical Analysis of the Effect of Laser Pulse Energy on the Geometric Quality During Laser Precision Machining

In laser precision machining, process parameters have critical effects on the geometric quality of the machined parts. Due to the nature of the interrelated process parameters involved, an operator has to make a host of complex decisions, based on trial‐and‐error methods, to set the process control parameters related to the laser, workpiece material, and motion system. The objective of this work is to investigate experimentally the effect of laser pulse energy on the geometric quality of the machined parts in terms of accuracy, precision, and surface quality. Experimental study of formation of machined craters on thin copper foil with variation in laser pulse energy, the geometry and the surface topology of craters is presented. The geometrical parameters were measured and statistically analyzed with respect to incident pulse energy. Statistical analysis including pattern recognition was employed to analyze the experimental data systematically and to serve proper selection of the process parameters to achieve the desired geometric quality of the machined parts. Plausible trends in the crater geometry with respect to the laser pulse energy are discussed. The technique has been verified experimentally on simple geometrical features such as circles and grooves, and the geometric quality is evaluated.