A1-Ti-B中间合金对AZ91D镁合金的晶粒细化工艺的研究

研究了不同工艺条件下Al-Ti-B中间合金对AZ91D镁合金的细化效应.结果表明,Al-Ti-B中间合金对AZ91D合金有良好的细化效果.当加入中间合金达到0.3%(质量分数),在750℃的浇注温度下保温30 min后浇注时,AZ91D合金平均晶粒尺寸由422 μm变为78 μm,综合细化效果达到最好.     

Al2O3-SiO2(sf)/AZ91D复合材料时效行为的研究

采用微观组织结构观察,XRD分析和宏观硬度分析等手段研究了Al2O3-SiO2短纤维增强AZ91D镁合金复合材料的时效特性,结果表明:在不同时效温度下,Al2O3-SiO2短纤维增强AZ91D镁合金复合材料具有和AZ91D合金相似的时效硬化曲线及相同的析出相β-Mg17Al12在时效硬化过程中复合材料始终保持比AZ91D合金高的硬度,而且随着Al2O3-SiO2短纤维含量的增加硬度随之增加,时效硬化峰提前.     

Al-Ti-RE和Al-C-RE细化机理及效果研究

介绍了目前大量采用的中间合金细化荆，并指出其存在的不足。提出了Al—Ti—B-RE和Al-Ti-CRE两种新型中间合金细化荆，分析了2种细化剂各自的细化机理，以及它们对纯铝优于普通细化剂的细化效果。指出2种细化剂是新型中间合金多元化的发展方向。     

Nd对缓慢冷却AZ91合金凝固组织的影响

使用ZM-45-16型真空钼丝炉获得Nd含量为0.0%,0.2%,0.5%,0.8%的AZ91-Nd合金在1℃/min、5℃/min冷却条件下凝固组织,并利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射,能谱分析和Imagetool软件研究缓慢冷却和Nd对AZ91合金凝固组织的影响。结果表明:AZ91-Nd合金缓慢凝固组织中,除α-Mg相外,存在析出β(Mg17Al12)相以及共晶组织和Al3Nd相,随着Nd含量的增加,组织中的α-Mg晶粒尺寸分别由1239.40μm和654.06μm减至824.08μm和518.22μm。     

Al-Ti和Al-Ti-C中间合金对消失模铸造AZ91镁合金显微组织的影响

A l-Ti和A l-Ti-C中间合金对消失模铸造AZ91镁合金组织的试验研究表明,与常用变质剂C2C l6相比,加入A l-Ti和A l-Ti-C中间合金对消失模铸造AZ91镁合金具有更好的组织细化效果和更高的力学性能,而加入A l-Ti-C中间合金的作用效果最佳。A l-Ti-C及A l-Ti中间合金的加入提高了共晶反应的离异化程度,晶界上的β相由连续网状变为不连续块状和孤立的粒状结构且分布均匀。A l-Ti-C中间合金对消失模铸造AZ91镁合金晶粒细化是其晶粒生长抑制作用和引入形核质点综合作用的结果。     

钙、镧和锶复合添加对AZ91D合金显微组织及力学性能的影响

利用X射线衍射仪、光学显微镜、扫描电镜和能谱仪等研究了在AZ91D合金中复合添加钙?镧?锶对其显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:在AZ91D合金中同时加入钙、镧、锶后,其显微组织相比于钙、镧或钙、锶二元添加得到组织明显细化,析出相Mg17Al12由半连续分布变为断续状;其抗拉强度得到显著提高,达到了201 MPa,比AZ91D合金的提高了28.8%。     

Al-4B中间合金对AZ31镁合金晶粒尺寸和力学性能的影响

通过KBF4与熔融铝反应制备了Al-4B中间合金,研究了不同质量分数(0％～2.0％)Al-4B中间合金作为孕育剂对AZ31镁合金晶粒尺寸和力学性能的影响.结果表明:Al-4B中间合金由AlB2和α-Al相组成;Al-4B中间合金的添加可以明显细化AZ31镁合金的晶粒,提高晶粒尺寸的均匀性,降低孔隙率,Al-4B中间合金质量分数为1.0％时,晶粒细化效果最明显;随着Al-4B中间合金含量增加,AZ31镁合金的硬度、抗拉强度、屈服强度和断后伸长率均增大,屈服强度与晶粒尺寸符合Hall-Petch关系,AZ31镁合金力学性能的改善主要与AlB2相产生的细晶强化、弥散强化以及铸造组织孔隙率降低有关.     

加入Al-5Ti-B细化剂和Al-2Zr-Sc中间合金后铝锌镁合金的组织和拉伸性能

在单独或复合添加Al-2Zr-Sc中间合金和Al-5Ti-B细化剂的条件下对铝锌镁合金进行细化处理,研究了不同细化条件下铸态铝镁锌合金的显微组织和力学性能。结果表明:单独加入质量分数为0.4%的Al-2Zr-Sc中间合金或Al-5Ti-B细化剂都可以细化铝镁锌合金的晶粒,且加入Al-2Zr-Sc中间合金后有Al3(Sc,Zr)相析出,提高了合金的抗拉强度;复合添加质量分数均为0.2%的Al-2Zr-Sc中间合金和Al-5Ti-B细化剂后,晶粒的细化效果最优,相比于基体合金,平均晶粒尺寸减小了20μm,抗拉强度提高了32%,这主要是细晶强化和析出强化共同作用的结果;晶界处长杆状第二相的存在导致复合细化合金的伸长率比单独细化合金的低。     

浇注温度和高度对AZ91D镁合金组织的影响

以AZ91D镁合金为试验原料,通过改变浇注温度、浇注高度等不同的试验参数,研究浇注工艺对镁合金组织的影响。结果表明：降低浇注温度,在液相线附近浇注,能获得较理想的半固态组织;提高浇注高度,可以细化镁合金的晶粒组织。     

用磷酸钠细化变质过共晶Al—Si合金

在经金属Sb预变质后的Al—20%Si合金燃体中加入按一定比例配制的磷酸钠,赤磷和石墨碳混合粉末变质剂,经过这样处理的合金组织中初晶硅充分细化.平均粒度达到10μm以下,其中最大硅晶粒尺寸仅为18μm,合金的抗拉强度达到168～165MPa.研究表明,在Sh的辅助作用下,磷酸钠不失为过共晶铝硅合金的有效细化变质剂之一.     

搅拌摩擦加工次数对AZ91D镁合金组织的影响

研究了搅拌摩擦加工(FSP)次数对AZ91D镁合金组织的影响.结果表明:加工次数对搅拌摩擦区晶粒大小影响不大;但加工次数多可增加搅拌摩擦区组织的面积,并使组织均匀化;使热机械影响区组织向搅拌摩擦区组织发生转变;增大轴肩下压区细晶组织面积,进一步细化轴肩下压区的晶粒.     

钙和锶对Mg_2Si/AZ91D复合材料组织和性能的影响

将铝-硅合金加入到AZ91D镁合金中,制备了原位合成Mg2Si/AZ91D复合材料,并研究了添加钙和锶对于复合材料铸态组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:硅的加入在AZ91D镁合金中生成了高熔点、高硬度的Mg2Si强化相,但尺寸较大;元素钙和锶的综合作用可以显著细化复合材料基体的铸态组织,同时还可以明显改善Mg2Si的形态和分布,提高复合材料的强度。     

AZ91D镁合金加工工艺的应用研究

在分析AZ91D镁合金化学成分、物理力学性能的基础上,通过试验对比了切削速度在66.819m/min、107.388m/min、169.434m/min时的切屑断屑性能、切屑形态及其表面质量。试验表明:在背吃刀量恒定的前提下,随着切削速度的提高,切屑变形减小。切屑形态由C形挤裂切屑变成带状连续切屑,断屑能力变差,结构表面质量变差;在背吃刀量0.06mm时,切削形成粉末状切屑,堆积在卷屑槽内,易引起镁合金燃烧。总结了镁合金切削加工中对刀具、切削参数、切削液以及切削过程的要求,介绍了工序间防腐措施。分析了AZ91D镁合金的固溶时效作用,从零件结构、设备及防火等方面提出了热处理过程的要求。从冶金和环境方面综述了镁合金的腐蚀因素,并对比分析了AZ91D镁合金切屑在空气和水中的腐蚀现象。最后,重点介绍了镁合金的微弧氧化工艺。研究成果对镁合金加工工艺的推广应用提供了技术参考。     

On the role of cooling and tool rotational direction on microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir processed AZ91

This paper deals with an experimental investigation focused on the effects of water cooling treatment, friction stir processing pass number, and tool rotational direction on the microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir processed AZ91 magnesium alloy. Specimens were produced using different combinations of process parameters. Parallel to increasing the amount of oxide particles in the processed area, water cooling was found to reduce the final grain size and enhance their hardness and strength. Changing the rotational direction in each pass reduces the grain size severely (from 150 to ~4?μm) and increases the hardness (from 63 to 98?HV) and strength (from ~130 to ~250?MPa). However, no significant difference was found in wear resistance of the specimens produced with different process parameters.     

Predicting the grain size and hardness of AZ91/SiC nanocomposite by artificial neural networks

In the present study, SiC nanoparticles were added to as-cast AZ91 magnesium alloy through friction stir processing (FSP) and an AZ91/SiC surface nanocomposite layer was produced. A relation between the FSP parameters and grain size and hardness of nanocomposite using artificial neural network (ANN) was established. Experimental results showed that distribution of nanoparticles in the stirred zone (SZ) was not uniform and SZ was divided into two regions. In the ANN modeling, the inputs included traverse speed, rotational speed, and region types. Outputs were hardness and grain size. The model can be used to predict hardness and grain size as functions of rotational and traverse speeds and region types. To check the adequacy of the ANN model, the linear regression analyses were carried out to compute the correlation coefficients. The calculated results were in good agreement with experimental data. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine the parametric impact on the model outputs.     

镁合金板带双辊连续铸轧试验研究

在镁合金水平双辊连续铸轧试验过程中,分别施加电磁场、超声波和超声电磁组合场,旨在改善AZ31B镁合金板带的综合力学性能。采用Leica DMI 5000 M金相显微镜、CSS-44100电子试验机和HV-1000硬度试验机等设备检测和分析电磁场、超声波或超声波电磁组合能场处理对AZ31B镁合金板带的微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,常规、电磁场、超声波及超声电磁组合能场铸轧镁板带晶粒平均尺寸(直径)分别为120μm、25μm、27μm及15μm左右;电磁场处理使铸轧镁板带的抗拉强度、屈服强度、伸长率和硬度值比常规铸轧镁板带的分别提高15.7%、24.8%、22.7%和66.6%,超声波处理的分别提高13.8%、26.2%、11.4%和13.4%,超声电磁组合场处理的则分别提高17.1%,27.8%、31.8%和73.8%。这表明在镁合金铸轧过程中施加电磁场、超声波或超声电磁组合场均有利于细化晶粒,改善第二相在枝晶间的分布,提高力学性能,而超声电磁组合场的效果则更显著。同时分析和讨论超声空化效应及电磁效应对镁合金组织细化的作用机制。     

Producing of AZ91/SiC composite by friction stir processing (FSP)

Friction stir processing (FSP) was used to fabricate SiC/AZ91 composite layer. Effect of process parameters such as rotational and traverse speeds, tool penetration depth and tilt angle on the formation of defects such as cracks, tunnelling cavity and also on sticking of matrix material to the tool was investigated. Also, effect of these parameters was studied on the mechanical properties and microstructures of specimens. Microstructure studies were carried out by optical and SEM. Results showed that FSP is an effective process to fabricate SiC/AZ91 composite layer with uniform distribution of SiC particles, good interfacial integrity and significant grain refinement. Increasing the rotational speed leads to a decrease in the grain size and an increase in the traverse speed leads to a decrease in the grain size. There are upper and lower limitations for these speeds which were determined. PD is a more effective parameter to produce sound surface layer. PD value was affected by traverse and rotational speeds and the tilt angle values. This study shows that by using 5 μm SiC particles, the stir zone grain size reduces from 150 to 7.17 μm and stir zone hardness increases from 63 to 96 Hv.     

铝-钛-硼中间合金在等径角挤压过程中的变形行为

采用等径角挤压(ECAP)技术对铝-钛-硼中间合金进行了室温挤压试验,用高温光学显微镜、扫描电镜、硬度计等分析了ECAP对合金中第二相粒子分布形态、尺寸及显微硬度的影响.结果表明:ECAP能显著改善合金中第二相粒子的分布形态,细化其尺寸;用试样绕其纵轴旋转9°.、方向不变的加工路径(Bc),经过8道次挤压后,第二相粒子由原来的散乱分布变成较为均匀分布,由原长约20μm、宽约10μm的块状粒子细化为5μm左右的小颗粒;挤压1道次后,材料硬度增加最为明显,4道次后硬度增加趋势变缓.     

Tribological Behavior of Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced AZ91D Composites Processed by Cyclic Extrusion and Compression

Reciprocating wear tests were conducted to assess the wear resistance of CNT-reinforced AZ91D composites prepared by cyclic extrusion and compression (CEC). Effects of CEC, CNTs, and wear parameters on the tribological behavior of the composites were discussed. Results show that the matrix grain of the 0.5 wt% CNTs/AZ91D composites is largely refined from ~?112 µm to 126.6 nm after eight passes of CEC. Accordingly, the hardness of the composites is increased by more than 82.0%. The wear rate of the CNTs/AZ91D composites decreases with the implement of CEC and the addition of CNTs. The lubrication effect of CNTs diminishes after CEC. Besides the reinforcing effect, the incorporated CNTs help to liberate the friction heat of the CNTs/AZ91D composites and reduce the welding of the wear debris due to their extraordinary thermal conductivity.