油酸修饰Mn2+掺杂CuS纳米微粒的摩擦磨损性能

合成油酸修饰的CuS纳米微粒以及Mn2+掺杂CuS纳米微粒。TEM研究表明,制备的微粒粒径大约为10nm,具有良好的油分散性和稳定性。作为润滑油添加剂加入到液体石蜡中,考察2种纳米微粒的摩擦磨损性能,结果表明,油酸修饰的纳米微粒具有良好的抗磨性能和承载能力,含0.1%(质量分数)油酸修饰的Mn2+掺杂CuS纳米微粒的液体石蜡润滑时,可使磨斑直径降低30%,最大极压承载能力增加40%。通过SEM对摩擦表面的形貌观察,可知含Mn2+掺杂CuS纳米粒子的液体石蜡润滑时的磨痕较浅,明显优于含未掺杂的CuS纳米微粒的液体石蜡。     

纳米CaCO3、Cu混合物润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能

采用纳米碳酸钙、纳米铜粒子混合物作为润滑油添加剂，利用四球摩擦磨损试验机考察了含纳米碳酸钙、纳米铜粒子添加剂的润滑油的摩擦学性能；用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）考察了磨痕表面的形貌；用原子力显微镜和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察分析了在磨损表面纳米粒子的形态与分布。研究结果表明，纳米碳酸钙、纳米铜的混合粒子的总添加量为0.6％，质量比为1：1时，润滑油具有最佳的摩擦学性能；润滑油中纳米碳酸钙、纳米铜混合物粒子添加剂的优良摩擦学性能与纳米粒子在表面存在形态相关。     

三种粒径的纳米铜粒子在润滑油中的摩擦学性能

采用电爆炸法制备了三种粒径的纳米Cu粒子,并用原子力显微镜进行了表征,研究了三种粒径的纳米Cu粒子在润滑油中的摩擦学性能。结果表明:大粒径的纳米Cu粒子在润滑油中有很好的极压性能;小粒径的Cu粒子在润滑油中有很好的抗磨减摩性能。     

环保型纳米润滑材料的研究

从环保角度,选择了两种纳米材料作为润滑油抗磨、极压添加剂。介绍了纳米材料的制备,根据亲水亲油平衡值(HLB)选择了合适的表面活性剂,并将其加入到含有单种或两种复合纳米粒子的润滑油中进行表面改性,采用四球摩擦磨损试验机测定含纳米粒子的润滑油的摩擦学性能。结果表明:含纳米粒子的润滑油具有良好的抗磨减摩性能,且含复合纳米粒子的润滑材料的抗磨减摩性能比单种纳米粒子的润滑材料的抗磨减摩性能好。这里还探讨了纳米润滑材料的抗磨减摩机理。     

纳米粒子作润滑油添加剂的研究与展望

纳米粒子作润滑油添加剂表现出极好的摩擦学性能。本文综述了各种类型纳米闰子作润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能和机理，总结了纳米粒子作润滑油添加剂的特点，并提出了需要进一步研究的方向。     

纳米ZnO粒子对航空润滑油性能的影响

利用机械共混手段,将ZnO纳米粒子加入到航空润滑油中,用自制磨损实验机考察了其对润滑油抗磨性能的影响。结果表明：ZnO纳米粒子能显著提高润滑油的抗磨性能。     

添加油酸修饰的纳米Fe3 O4粒子润滑油的摩擦学性能研究

利用化学共沉淀法制备了平均粒径为10nm、油酸表面修饰的Fe3O4粒子，并对其作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能进行了研究。试验结果表明，添加油酸修饰的纳米Fe3O4粒子的润滑油表现出了较好的抗磨减摩性能，但是，纳米粒子的添加量有一最佳值。与基础油相比，添加纳米Fe3O4粒子润滑油的摩擦因数最大降低了26％，磨损量降低了28％。在摩擦磨损过程中，添加纳米Fe3O4粒子润滑油的摩擦力矩的变化表现出了时间效应。添加纳米Fe3O4粒子润滑油摩擦磨损后的磨痕表面比基础油摩擦磨损后的磨痕表面光滑，可以推测，纳米Fe3O4粒子对摩擦表面的抛光作用提高了润滑油的摩擦学性能。     

纳米碳酸钙、稀土复合粒子用作润滑油添加剂的研究

选择合适的表面活性剂制备含纳米碳酸钙和纳米稀土复合粒子添加剂的润滑油,采用四球摩擦磨损试验机考察了润滑油的摩擦学性能;用扫描电镜与X射线光电子能谱仪分析了磨损钢球表面的形貌、化学组成和状态。结果表明：纳米碳酸钙、纳米稀土复合粒子的最佳添加方式为：CaCO3与RE质量比为1：1,总质量分数为0．6％;此时润滑油具有最佳的抗磨、减摩性能,润滑油的抗磨、减摩机理与纳米粒子存在形态以及它们的协同作用有关。     

表面修饰CuS纳米颗粒的合成及其摩擦学性能研究

在无水乙醇与蒸馏水混合溶剂中合成了油酸修饰的CuS纳米颗粒,根据表面修饰剂与产物CuS的摩尔比不同,分别制备出了油酸与CuS纳米颗粒的摩尔比为0.5∶1,1∶1,2∶1,3∶1的产物。在FALEX-6型四球试验机上考察了其作为润滑油添加剂在液体石蜡中的摩擦学性能,并用透射电子显微镜(TEM)对磨斑表面形貌进行分析。结果表明:在添加剂质量分数都为0.5%时,当油酸与CuS纳米颗粒的摩尔比为2∶1时,磨斑直径下降最大,抗磨效果达到最好;当油酸与CuS的摩尔比为1∶1,摩擦因数为最小值,减摩效果达到最好。     

油酸修饰纳米粒子的摩擦学性能比较

利用化学法合成了表面为油酸所修饰的PbS、PbO和ZnS纳米粒子,由于无机纳米粒子表面有一层由油酸组成的长链有机化合物,使得所修饰的PbS、PbO和ZnS纳米粒子在基础油中有良好的分散性,能够作为润滑油添加剂。用四球摩擦磨损试验机分别考察了它们作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦学行为,结果表明,无机纳米核的化学组成、大小,以及摩擦过程中所形成边界润滑膜的成膜机制对油酸修饰纳米粒子作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能影响不大,所合成的油酸修饰PbS、PbO和ZnS纳米粒子作为润滑油添加剂都能够明显提高基础油的减摩抗磨性能。     

含硫化铜纳米粒子润滑脂的微动磨损性能研究

在微动磨损试验机上考察了含有硫化铜纳米粒子脲基脂的微动磨损性能。结果表明:硫化铜纳米粒子能显著降低微动磨损体积,随着纳米粒子含量增加,微动磨损量降低;在微动磨损后期纳米粒子的存在还能降低摩擦因数。低负荷下,润滑脂中硫化铜纳米粒子有利于降低微动磨损量;但在高负荷条件下,磨损量迅速增大,说明高负荷下微动磨损方式发生了变化。XPS分析表明,微动磨斑表面膜含有Cu、FeS等物质,说明硫化铜纳米粒子能显著降低微动磨损的原因在于纳米粒子化学性质非常活泼,在微动过程中容易与摩擦表面发生化学反应,形成具有保护性的沉积物膜和化学反应膜。     

聚电解质原位生长CuS纳米粒子分子沉积膜的制备及表征

采用分子沉积技术制备了基础聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵/聚丙烯酸分子沉积(MD)膜,然后在基础MD膜中原位反应生长了CuS粒子;利用紫外一可见分光光度计、X射线光电子能谱仪及原子力显微镜对此膜进行了表征.结果表明:在膜中原位生长的CuS颗粒为纳米粒子,且纳米粒子在膜中分布均匀,无明显团聚现象;随着反应时间的增加,纳米粒子的粒径明显增大;随着循环反应次数的增加,除纳米粒子的粒径略有增大外,纳米粒子的数量也明显增多.     

Tribological Interaction of Plasma-Functionalized Polytetrafluoroethylene Nanoparticles with ZDDP and Ionic Liquids

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) nanoparticles were coated with consecutive plasma deposited siliceous and methacrylate coatings. Secondary zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP), phosphonium cation and phosphate anion ionic liquid (IL), and IL with phosphonium cation and dithiophosphate anion were mixed with the functionalized nanoparticles. Tribological studies were carried out for seven separate formulations including base oil, oils with only additives, and oils with additives and functionalized PTFE particles. Results indicate strong synergistic interactions of ZDDP and ILs with functionalized nanoparticles providing enhanced friction and wear performance. Chemical analysis of the tribofilms using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy indicates functionalized PTFE nanoparticles interact synergistically with ZDDP and ILs to form silicon- and fluorine-doped tribofilms resulting in superior tribological performance.     

Tribological effects of Cu,Fe and Zn nano‐particles,suspended in mineral and bio‐based oils

Many studies focus on nanoparticles as lubricity additives but overlook the fact that wear produces nanosized debris during the field use. In order to simulate the fine metal contaminants, which are the most widespread in various field applications, prefabricated Fe, Cu and Zn nanoparticles were used. Their 0.01–1% suspensions in vegetable and mineral oils with or without ZDDP and ashless AW package were tested on four‐ball AW under 150‐N load. Tribological effects of nanoparticles were not significant in formulations without AW additives. However, nanoFe addition produced notable lubricity improvement in already excellently performing rapeseed formulation with ZDDP, while such addition reduced performance of the ashless AW pack. Results show that metal nanoparticles can play both positive and negative roles on additive effectiveness and nanosized contaminants can significantly affect the lubricant performance. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Antiwear,Antifriction, and Extreme Pressure Properties of Motor Bike Engine Oil Dispersed with Molybdenum Disulfide Nanoparticles

This work presents studies on the antiwear, antifriction, and extreme pressure properties of motor oil dispersed with MoS₂ nanoparticles. Commercial oil (SAE 20W-40 grade) is dispersed with stabilized MoS₂ nanoparticles in 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 wt%. The test oils are tested for antiwear, antifriction, and extreme pressure properties on a four-ball wear tester. The wear and friction offered by nanolubricants has decreased remarkably compared to the commercial base oil. The weld load and load wear index of oils dispersed with nanoparticles were improved substantially compared to the commercial base oil. Metallographic studies conducted on the wear balls from the extreme pressure test show that nanoparticles are deposited on the worn area along with additives in the oil, thereby preventing welding of the surfaces. An optimum weight fraction is arrived at for best performance. A synergy between the additives in the oil and dispersed nanoparticles has been observed, resulting in less dispersion for best results. It is found that beyond an optimum weight percentage of nanoparticles, the trends tend to reverse, resulting in greater wear and friction.     

新兴润滑油抗磨剂的研究进展

总结了近年来纳米粒子、液晶和富勒烯类等几种主要新兴润滑油抗磨剂的研究进展,并指出了他们未来研究的重点,如纳米粒子在润滑油中的分散稳定性及其作为润滑油抗磨剂的最佳粒度、负荷、温度、最佳修饰剂;液晶、富勒烯作为润滑油抗磨剂的抗磨减摩作用机理及影响其抗磨性能的主要因素。最后展望了新兴润滑油抗磨剂的前景,提出了新兴抗磨剂的研究必须满足未来润滑油抗磨剂发展的多功能化(或多效化)要求。     

Experimental analysis of tribological properties of lubricating oils with nanoparticle additives

This study examined the tribological properties of two lubricating oils, an API-SF engine oil and a Base oil, with CuO, TiO₂, and Nano-Diamond nanoparticles used as additives. The friction and wear experiments were performed using a reciprocating sliding tribotester. The experimental results show that nanoparticles, especially CuO, added to standard oils exhibit good friction-reduction and anti-wear properties. The addition of CuO nanoparticles in the API-SF engine oil and the Base oil decreased the friction coefficient by 18.4 and 5.8%, respectively, and reduced the worn scar depth by 16.7 and 78.8%, respectively, as compared to the standard oils without CuO nanoparticles. In addition, investigations were performed using TEM, OM, SEM, and EDX to interpret the possible mechanisms of anti-friction and anti-wear with nanoparticles.     

纳米二氧化铈润滑油添加剂的摩擦学特性

用适当的表面活性剂对纳米二氧化铈粒子进行表面改性处理,采用透射电镜(TEM)和X-射线衍射法(XRD)观察与测量纳米二氧化铈粒子的形貌、结构和平均直径。将改性后的纳米二氧化铈粒子作为润滑油添加剂,采用四球摩擦磨损试验机测定添加纳米二氧化铈粒子的润滑油的摩擦学性能。利用扫描电镜(SEM)观察磨斑表面形貌以及纳米二氧化铈粒子在摩擦表面的形态等,并探讨了纳米二氧化铈粒子具有优良摩擦学性能的机制。结果表明,经表面改性的纳米二氧化铈在润滑油中具有良好的分散、稳定性;纳米二氧化铈粒子的添加量为0.6%(质量分数)左右时,润滑油在室温与较高温度下均具有优良的减摩、抗磨作用。