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《精密制造与自动化》2017,(3)
IGBT模块是变流器的主要部件,也是功率波动和热冲击的主要承受者,其可靠性直接决定了变流器的可靠性。为研究IGBT模块在老化过程中的应力应变特性,从而进一步从物理机理上分析模块老化失效情况,利用COMSOL软件进行有限元仿真,模拟了模块在损耗加热情况下的应力应变情况。分析了在键合线,键合线焊接点以及焊料层上应力应变较大的原因。总结了应力应变与模块温度、热通量、膨胀系数之间的关系,还通过人为添加空洞的方式,分析了焊料层空洞对模块状态的影响。 相似文献
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利用同步辐射真空紫外光电离质谱(SVUV PIMS)对稻壳和稻秆的热解过程进行了研究。通过改变光子能量,获得了随光子能量变化的质谱图,并鉴定了热解过程的主要产物。本工作测量了不同热解温度下的产物质谱图,并结合热重分析,对两种样品热解产物与温度的关系进行对比研究。稻壳与稻秆的热重曲线非常相近,但二者的产物质谱图却差异明显,主要表现在m/z 114和m/z 96等几种半纤维素产物丰度随温度变化的趋势不同。本工作还测量了若干特征产物随时间变化的谱图,结果表明,半纤维素在低温下就开始出现,且生成速度较快,而大部分的木质素分解速度较慢,温度区间也相对较宽,其分解伴随着整个热解过程。 相似文献
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有机材料老化的本质是其物理结构或化学结构的改变,其中最主要的是热老化和热氧老化.以丁腈橡胶为研究对象,分别研究厚度为1 mm和2 mm的板材在不同的老化温度和老化时间下,材料机械性能的变化情况,并运用老化损伤因子的概念,建立了老化因子与老化时间、温度之间的关系,进而阐述了橡胶材料热氧老化的过程和机制.通过实验分析,得到丁腈橡胶老化时的质量损失率随时间的变化规律以及拉伸强度的变化趋势.证实了老化因子能够很好地描述材料老化性能,通过对实验数据进行拟合可以获得回归性能较好的曲线,归纳老化条件对老化因子的影响. 相似文献
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为了实现超声速飞行器天线罩热强度环境的地面模拟,本文对其相关的加热系统设计原则、力学载荷的等效施加方法进行了系统研究,得到了合理划分温区和预估相应加热功率的方法,以及通过卡环、卡托实现轴向力、剪切力和弯矩加载技术。试验表明:这种热强度试验技术能够精确模拟飞行器在飞行过程中天线罩承受的气动加热和各种载荷随时间变化的过程。 相似文献
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利用热解-单光子电离飞行时间质谱(Py-SPI-TOF MS)和热重-质谱(TG-MS)联用仪研究了聚丙烯腈(PAN)原丝在氮气和空气两种气氛下的热稳定化过程。结果表明,PAN原丝在发生热失重之前便已形成部分环化结构,随着温度的升高,PAN原丝在氮气气氛下呈现出2个热分解阶段:第1阶段为线型分子链的断裂以及含氮小分子的脱除,主要生成HCN、NH3、丙烯腈单体、二聚体以及三聚体等热解产物;第2阶段为环化结构的热裂解,伴随着较多成环化合物和轻质烯烃的产生。而在空气气氛中,氧化作用有利于环化结构的形成和稳定,明显抑制了第2阶段的热分解。此外,较慢的升温速率也有助于环化结构的形成。依据光电离质谱实时在线的研究结果,证明了氧气和温控条件在PAN原丝热稳定化过程中具有关键性作用。 相似文献
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选取生物质类固体废弃物中的棉麻织物作为研究对象,利用热重、同步辐射真空紫外光电离质谱以及气相色谱-质谱联用技术研究其在低压环境中的热解过程。热重分析结果显示,半纤维素和木质素在麻布中的含量高于棉布中的。结合产物的光电离质谱图以及气质联用仪的实验结果对主要产物进行了定性分析,并研究了热解产物随温度的变化趋势,发现500℃下棉布的热解产物最多,而麻布由于含有较多的半纤维素和木质素成分,表现出较宽的热解温区。此外,热解产物中乙醇醛的含量极低,证明了它是纤维素的二次分解产物。 相似文献
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船用曲轴的红套工艺过程多采用感应加热方式对曲拐进行加热.针对加热过程电磁-热-结构多场耦合问题的复杂性,以某型号船用曲轴为参考对象,对加热过程进行数值模拟分析.在研究曲轴材料随温度变化的非线性物理特性基础上,在电磁场-温度场-应力场的顺序耦合过程中,加入温度场对电磁场的双向耦合分析,分析温度场对电磁场的反馈作用;归纳感应加热过程的电磁场、温度场及应力场的分布规律;对比研究曲拐加热时矩形加热器的相对位置、加热时间对曲拐的温度场分布的影响,确定曲拐加热后满足红套孔椭圆度要求的电流密度、电流频率、矩形加热器相对位置及加热时间等设计参数,为科学制定红套工艺提供有效参考. 相似文献
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应用高效液相色谱-电喷雾/质谱(HPLC-ESI/MS)分析88支市售蓝色圆珠笔油墨。液相色谱分离采用Xterra MS C_(18)柱,等度洗脱,正、负离子模式电离,结果表明油墨中含有碱性品蓝、罗丹明B、甲基紫、结晶紫、碱性艳蓝B、碱性艳蓝BO等碱性染料。实验发现碱性品蓝、碱性艳蓝B、碱性艳蓝BO和罗丹明B会发生脱烷基作用,证实油墨中含有新染料成分维多利亚蓝4R(Solvent Blue 2)。根据油墨中存在的染料成分将88支市售蓝色圆珠笔分成九类,为进一步鉴定圆珠笔书写时间,进而建立圆珠笔油墨库创造有利条件。 相似文献
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Charlotte Besser Christoph SchneidhoferNicole Dörr Franz Novotny-FarkasGünter Allmaier 《Tribology International》2012,46(1):174-182
The effect of ethanol and its combustion products on the lubrication system is not very well understood. In this paper, a novel lab-based artificial ageing method for the evaluation of engine oils for bio-fuelled automotives and the results thereof are presented. Artificial ageing of three fully formulated engine oils with addition of ethanol, acetaldehyde, and acetic acid was carried out. The oil formulations chosen represent a consequent series of optimisation steps based on the engine oil performance in terms of preservation of typical oil parameters, e.g. base reserve and oxidation, observed during the artificial ageing procedure. It was shown that ethanol as well as acetaldehyde has almost no effect on the oil degradation especially in the case that advanced additive technology was used. On the contrary, acetic acid significantly affected the formulated oil showing influence on the detergent chemistry and even caused sludge formation. The use of the novel artificial ageing method proved to clearly differentiate the impact of the respective compounds added with the possibility to simulate enhanced stress conditions without the need of time-consuming and expensive engine bench tests. Hence, the novel setup offers valuable input for the formulation and the pre-selection of future engine oils suitable for bio-fuel. 相似文献
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Positive effect of natural pre-ageing on precipitation hardening in Al–0.44 at% Mg–0.38 at% Si alloy
Age hardening in a purely ternary Al-Mg0.4–Si0.4 (0.44 at% Mg, 0.38at%Si) alloy that is similar to AA6060 was investigated by hardness measurement, TEM and three-dimensional atom probe (3D-AP). In particular, the effect of natural pre-ageing before artificial ageing, which is known to have a positive effect in this alloy, was studied by comparing three different conditions: natural ageing only, artificial ageing for 1.5 h at 180 °C only and combined natural pre-ageing and subsequent artificial ageing for 1.5 h at 180 °C. Natural ageing influences the mechanical properties significantly. Naturally aged alloys exhibit a hardening response that is governed by the presence of small clusters. Subsequent artificial ageing of naturally aged specimens increases the value of peak hardness, which is attributed to the increase of the number density of needle-shaped precipitates as compared to the samples without natural ageing. It is assumed that besides these precipitates, the small Si clusters formed at room-temperature storage remain stable during artificial ageing. 相似文献
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内燃机摩擦学智能设计中人工神经网络的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
开发内燃机摩擦学智能 CAD系统 ,除建立符号模型、数学模型之外 ,需要建立人工神经网络模型 ,将大量隐含于数值分析和试验数据中的隐性知识转化成显性的设计规则。文中提出了智能 CAD系统中人工神经网络的应用模型 ,并应用于内燃机活塞功耗的分析和规则提取 相似文献
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Design of roll-to-roll printing equipment with multiple printing methods for multi-layer printing 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In this paper, a novel design concept for roll-to-roll printing equipment used for manufacturing printed electronic devices by multi-layer printing is presented. The roll-to-roll printing system mainly consists of printing units for patterning the circuits, tension control components such as feeders, dancers, load cells, register measurement and control units, and the drying units. It has three printing units which allow switching among the gravure, gravure-offset, and flexo printing methods by changing the web path and the placements of the cylinders. Therefore, depending on the application devices and the corresponding inks used, each printing unit can be easily adjusted to the required printing method. The appropriate printing method can be chosen depending on the desired printing properties such as thickness, roughness, and printing quality. To provide an example of the application of the designed printing equipment, we present the results of printing tests showing the variations in the printing properties of the ink for different printing methods. 相似文献