Fusion research programme in India

The fusion energy research program of India is summarized in the context of energy needs and scenario of tokamak advancements on domestic and international fronts. In particular, the various technologies that will lead us to ultimately build a fusion power reactor are identified along with the steps being taken for their indigenous development.     

气液微萃取仪联用气相色谱-质谱仪检测果蔬中农药残留量

目的建立气液微萃取仪(gas-liquid microextraction,GLME)与气相色谱质谱联用仪(gas chromatographymass spectrography,GC-MS)测定食品中农药残留。方法称取0.1 g匀浆样品直接加入GLME中进行萃取净化,定容至100μL,结合内标法通过GC-MS检测分析。结果 30种农药在0.001~1 mg/kg浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数在0.9951~0.9999,检出限为0.001~0.021 mg/kg,定量限为0.003~0.070 mg/kg,平均回收率为67%~119%(n=3),相对标准偏差在1%~26%之间。结论该方法快速、准确,能满足果蔬类中多种农药残留的定性定量分析。     

Absolute instability in finite length electron cyclotron maser systems

The temporal growth rate of the absolute instability in finite length electron cyclotron maser systems has been theoretically calculated and confirmed by particle simulations. The non-linear saturation mechanism is due to that in the unstable system, the non-linear electron phase shift induced by the wave field gives rise to a virtual end plane which tends to shorten the effective interaction length and brings the system into the marginal stable state. In the system far above threshold, the virtual plane first oscillates and eventually approaches a steady state location. This early oscillating behaviour strongly correlates to the initial pronounced spiky temporal structure in the output power.