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排序方式: 共有111条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
《Ceramics International》2016,42(16):18516-18520
CeO2 nanostructures with completely different morphologies were successfully prepared using the same cerium source and mineralizer through the direct and indirect hydrothermal methods with different introducing strategies of PVP surfactant. The CeO2 nanostructures tend to form the morphologies of nano-flowers and nano-cubes through the indirect and direct hydrothermal methods, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses revealed that both as-prepared nanostructures are composed of CeO2 with a standard fluorite structure. The different synthesis mechanisms and corresponding chemical evolutions of the as-prepared CeO2 nanostructures are discussed based on the different introducing strategies of PVP surfactant in the direct and indirect hydrothermal processes. Investigation of the UV-shielding ability of both CeO2 nanostructures suggested that the UV absorbance of the nano-flowers is much higher than that of the nano-cubes. 相似文献
2.
Rice straw is a promising renewable energy source because it is abundantly available in Asia. This study conducted a case study of logistics cost analysis for rice straw pellets by considering all stages in the supply chain to define the main factors affecting the selling price of rice straw pellets: collection (job-commission or employment of part-time workers), transportation, storage (vinyl greenhouses or storage buildings with larger capacity), pelletizing, and delivery to users with biomass boilers. The selling price was found to be strongly dependent on the production capacity because the investment cost for the pellet production facility had a significant effect of economies of scale. A production capacity of larger than 1500 t y−1 is required for rice straw pellets to compete with wood pellets and fossil fuels in the studied Japanese context if the subsidy rate for the investment is 50%, part-time workers conduct the collection, and rice straw is stored in the storage buildings. Our sensitivity analysis also showed an economically feasible spatial scale: for example, rice straw should be collected within a 20 km radius and the users should be within a 38 km radius when the production capacity is 1500 t y−1. In addition, other critical factors related to the collection of rice straw from the paddy fields and transportation of rice straw rolls to storage were identified as planning factors to further reduce the total logistics cost of rice straw pellets. 相似文献
3.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2019,44(36):19841-19854
Improving the absorption of visible light, accelerating the separation of carries and reducing the recombination of electron-hole pairs are critical to enhance photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance of ZnFe2O4. Herein, the ZnFe2O4/Ag/Ag2S films are firstly prepared with a photocurrent density of 0.91 mA/cm2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE, which is 9.10 times higher than that of pristine ZnFe2O4 (0.10 mA/cm2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE). On the basis, Co-Pi cocatalyst is deposited on ZnFe2O4/Ag/Ag2S to further optimize PEC performance of ZnFe2O4, the photocurrent density of ZnFe2O4/Ag/Ag2S/Co-Pi is 1.18 mA/cm2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE. The improved PEC performance of ZnFe2O4/Ag/Ag2S/Co-Pi films could be attributed to: (i) fast transmission of electron-hole pairs owing to 1D ZnFe2O4 NRs; (ii) surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect of Ag nanoparticles; (ⅲ) visible light absorption is improved by sensitization of Ag2S nanoparticles; (ⅳ) Co-Pi cocatalyst decreases the recombination of electron-hole pairs by capturing holes. This work provides new insights for metal plasmas, sensitizers and cocatalysts synergistically modify photoanodes for efficient PEC water splitting. 相似文献
4.
《Carbon》2014
Platinum-free electrocatalysts especially, various heteroatom-doped carbon nanostructures have attracted particular attraction as plausible solution for commercializing fuel cell technology. In this direction, novel phosphorus-doped platelet ordered mesoporous carbon (P-pOMC) is developed for the first time as metal-free electrocatalyst for alkaline oxygen reduction reaction. The P-pOMC is synthesized by nanocasting method using platelet ordered mesoporous silica as template. Various characterizations reveal that the P-pOMC materials have covalently bound P atoms with carbon framework for facilitation of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and also have very high surface area with uniform distribution of short mesoporous channels for unhindered mass transfer. Combination of P doping and excellent surface properties empowers the newly-developed P-pOMC catalyst to show high ORR activity nearly equal to that of state of the art Pt catalyst along with superior long-term stability and excellent methanol tolerance. 相似文献
5.
Nisin and other similar food preservatives of natural origins have seen a substantial upsurge in global interest in recent years. The use of nanotechnology to regulate and manipulate nisin for enhanced capacities in the food and nutrition sector is expanding dramatically. Nanotechnology has significant food science applications in nanoparticle delivery systems, packaging, food security, and safety. However, there have been considerable issues regarding the use of nisin in the food sector, including its uncontrolled interactions with various food components, its degradation and electrostatic repulsion. These issues potentially limit its use. Alternate strategies, including a variety of nanoparticle systems such as nanoemulsions, polymeric nanoparticles, nanofibers, and combinations of nisin with other technologies, are employed to enhance the utility of nisin in the food industry. This review highlights the recent developments and new perspectives related to the uses of nisin in the food industry.Industrial relevanceThis review highlights the current status of nanotechnology in the food industry. The issues concerning use of nisin by the food industry are addressed. Nisin shows enhanced efficacy in combination with other current technologies for improved food safety. 相似文献
6.
《Catalysis communications》2007,8(3):383-388
Preparation and catalytic application of N,N′-dibromo-N,N′-1,2-dethanediylbis(benzene sulfonamide) for tetrahydropyranylation of various types of alcohols and phenols in dichloromethane and depyranylation of these compounds in methanol at room temperature is described. 相似文献
7.
8.
《Materials Letters》2007,61(19-20):4163-4165
Dichlorosilane monomer methyl-β-cyanoethyldichlorosilane, was prepared from acrylonitrile and methyl dichlorosilane in the catalytic system of N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylen-diamin (TMEDA)/Cu2O by hydrosilylation reaction. Consequently, a copolysilane poly(methyl-β-cyanoethylsilylene)-methylphenylsilylene was synthesized by Wurtz-type reductive coupling reaction of methyl-β-cyanoethyldichlorosilane and methylphenyldichlorosilane using sodium as catalyst in toluene. Furthermore, UV absorption, fluorescent and thermal properties of the copolysilane were investigated. Results reveal that the copolysilane bearing β-cyanoethyl side group possesses good thermal oxidative stability and strong fluorescence emitting at 412 nm. 相似文献
9.
《Catalysis communications》2007,8(1):101-106
This paper presents a study on the role of additives (samaria, lanthana, zirconia, and zinc oxide) to ceria as a support of copper catalysts for low-temperature WGSR. A single-step urea-combustion procedure was used for preparation of highly active catalysts. The results revealed the beneficial role of Sm2O3 and ZnO doping in increasing BET surface area and total pore volume of the catalysts and decreasing the degree of crystallinity of ceria. TPR profiles evidenced enhanced reducibility of modified catalysts. The WGS activity of these catalysts correlates well with BET, XRD, and TPR data. By comparing the catalysts with a commercial CuO–ZnO–Al2O3 sample we point out the feasibility of using CuO/doped-ceria catalysts for low-temperature WGSR. 相似文献
10.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2019,44(33):17878-17886
Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) using transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have gained interest owing to their low-cost, abundancy and predominant conductivity. However, forthright comparisons of transition metal chalcogenides for HER are scarcely conducted. In this work, we report the synthesis of series of molybdenum chalcogenide nanostructures MoX2 (X = S, Se, Te) via a facile hydrothermal method. Used as an electrocatalyst for HER, MoS2 nanograins, MoSe2 nanoflowers and MoTe2 nanotubes could afford the benchmark current densities of 10 mA cm−2 at the overpotentials of −173 mV, −208 mV and −283 mV with the measured Tafel slope values of 109.81 mV dec−1, 65.92 mV dec−1 and 102.06 mV dec−1, respectively. Besides other factors influencing HER, the role of electronic conductivity in HER of these molybdenum dichalcogenides are elucidated. In addition, the presented molybdenum dichalcogenides in this work are also complimented with robustness as determined from high-current density stability measurements. 相似文献