High temperature interfacial phase stability of a Mo/Ti3SiC2 laminated composite

A Mo/Ti₃SiC₂ laminated composite is prepared by spark plasma sintering at 1300 °C under a pressure of 50 MPa. Al powder is used as sintering aid to assist the formation of Ti₃SiC₂. The fabricated composites were annealed at 800, 1000 and 1150 °C under vacuum for 5, 10, 20 and 40 h to study the composite's interfacial phase stability at high temperature. Three interfacial layers, namely Mo₂C layer, AlMoSi layer and Ti₅Si₃ solid solution layer are formed during sintering. Experimental results show that the Mo/Ti₃SiC₂ layered composite prepared in this study has good interfacial phase stability up to at least 1000 °C and the growth of the interfacial layer does not show strong dependence on annealing time. However, after being exposed to 1150 °C for 10 h, cracks formed at the interface.     

非等温蠕变时效对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金力学性能和耐腐蚀性能的影响

研究了非等温蠕变时效处理中升温速率和峰值温度对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金回弹性能、力学性能和耐腐蚀性能的影响。通过透射电镜分析了合金的析出行为和时效强化机理。结果表明：随着加热速率的降低和峰值温度的升高,合金的回弹率降低;晶内析出相的尺寸增大,而体积分数先增大后减小;晶界析出相逐渐变得不连续,无析出区扩大。经非等温蠕变时效（20℃/h,180℃）处理后的合金主要析出相为致密的η’相,晶界析出相不连续,无析出区的宽度约为44.2 nm。非等温蠕变时效（20℃/h,180℃）处理的合金力学性能和耐腐蚀性能均优于常见的等温蠕变时效（120℃,24 h）处理的合金,并且时效时间缩短了67%。     

Sintering of commercially pure titanium powder with a Nd:YAG laser source

To understand the process of pulsed selective laser sintering, two different energy coupling mechanisms have to be considered. In a first step, the energy is absorbed in a narrow layer of individual powder grains determined by the bulk properties of the material. This leads to a high temperature of the surface of the grains during the interaction. After thermalization of the energy, heat flows mainly towards the center of the grains until a local steady state of the temperature within the powder grain is obtained. Afterwards, the surrounding powder properties have to be considered for the further thermal development. According to these model assumptions, a numerical simulation of the heat flow equation has been performed and compared with experimentally obtained titanium plates, which allowed to obtain a process map.     

基于Simulink气体溶解对油气悬挂输出特性影响分析

油气悬挂结构简单且刚度较高,广泛应用于复杂激励的工程车辆。根据油气悬挂的输出力特点,对构成输出力的各部分进行分析;采用B-W-R真实气体状态方程,考虑气体在油液中的溶解特性,获取阻尼力方程,以此建立油气悬挂输出力的数学模型;根据数学模型,基于Simulink建立仿真模型,分析不同的饱和溶解体积下,考虑溶解特性与否时,气体压力变化和悬挂的阻尼力特点;搭建1/4车辆悬挂模型,分析缓慢静态加载和动态加载下,气体压力和阻尼力的变化,并与仿真结果进行对比分析,验证数学模型的准确性。结果可知:气体压力受溶解性影响较大,压力上升时,由于气体溶解致使剩余气体质量减小,造成压力减小;而压力下降阶段,由于压力减小,气体析出,导致气体压力上升;考虑气体溶解,比未考虑溶解时,悬挂内气体压力的分界点在初始充气压力0.95 MPa;由于气体溶解特性作用,在腔体的压缩过程,极限状态压力值几乎无变化,而在伸长状态时,则变化较大,极值明显较小,整个过程压力值由初始2 MPa降低至终值1.5 MPa;仿真结果与试验结果压力变化趋势基本一致,表明基于B-W-R真实气体方程,考虑气体在油液中的溶解和析出的影响,建立的油气悬挂输出力数学模型可靠性较高,为此类设计提供参考。     

An elementary theory of one-dimensional rod penetration using a new estimate for pressure

In this paper, a new pressure law is proposed to replace the modified Bernoulli equation of Tate in 1967 and 1969. It is achieved by decomposing the equation of motion, which was proposed by Jones et al. in 1987, into two parts and incorporating the kinematic equation by Wilson et al. in 1989. The new pressure law takes the effect of mushroom strain into account. From two different considerations, the pressure law is applied to the one-dimensional penetration modeling. First, by assuming that the rod/target interface pressure is approximately constant during the quasi-steady state, the governing equations can be analytically integrated to give a closed form solution for the penetration depth. The prediction is reasonably good in the low velocity regime. Secondly, a velocity-dependent interface pressure is added. A so-called shape factor, which was first introduced without physical interpretation by Alekseevskii in 1966, is substantiated. With this factor, the governing equations can be numerically integrated to give very accurate predictions for the impact velocity range from 1 km/s to 4 km/s.     

Post-treatment Process of Semi-solid Powder Rolling

Semi-solid powder rolling is a strip manufacturing process, which combines powder rolling with semi-solid rolling in one step to prepare high-performance metallic strips. A total of 7050 aluminum alloy strips were prepared by semi-solid powder rolling and then used to study the post-treatment process and evaluate qualities of post-treated strips.Three post-treatment processes involving sintering, pre-sintering—cold deformation—sintering, and hot rolling were used to process the semi-solid powder rolled strips. The results show that both swelling of pores and densification occur during solid-state sintering while microhardness increases. The decrease in density is due to that the swelling of pores has a larger effect on the density change than that of densification. The relative density reaches 92.6% with the maximum microhardness of 300 HV after ‘‘pre-sintering—cold deformation—sintering' process. High microhardness is due to the ultrafine secondary particles uniformly distributed within the grains. The microhardness and relative density of a hot rolled strip are 176 HV and 99%, respectively, and the secondary particles disappear. Occurrence of recrystallization in these three post-treatment processes makes the grains finer.     

91W-6Ni-3Fe难熔合金、TiAl合金和铁基合金在熔铝中的耐腐蚀行为(英文)

采用静态浸没腐蚀试验研究91W-6Ni-3Fe难熔合金(91W)、TiAl金属间化合物和两种常用铁基合金(QT700和H13 钢)在750℃铝液当中的腐蚀性能。通过3D光学显微镜、SEM、EDS 和XRD研究样品的表面形貌,腐蚀界面和相组成。结果表明:91W具有最好的耐铝液腐蚀性能,QT700次之,H13再次之,TiAl合金的耐铝液腐蚀性能最差。四种金属材料的腐蚀失重均符合抛物线规律,材料在经过一开始的加速腐蚀阶段后,腐蚀速率趋于稳定。材料在铝液当中溶解遵循扩散-反应机制,91W材料在铝液当中的腐蚀主要由扩散这一速控步骤所决定,而TiAl合金的腐蚀性能差主要是由于TiAl-(TiAl3)-Al扩散偶反应具有较低的激活能。     

25CrNi2MoV钢的微动磨损性能

采用微动摩擦磨损试验机在干摩擦条件下对新型高速重载传动轴用25CrNi2MoV钢进行微动磨损试验,研究了不同载荷(50~200N)和频率(15~30Hz)下该钢的微动磨损性能。结果表明:在频率为20Hz条件下,当载荷由50N增至200N时,25CrNi2MoV钢的平均摩擦因数由0.766减至0.661,磨损体积由19.65×10^-3 mm^3增至75.83×10^-3 mm^3;在载荷为30N条件下,当频率由15Hz增至30Hz时,平均摩擦因数由0.790增至0.905,磨损体积由11.43×10^-3 mm^3增至23.88×10^-3 mm^3;在不同试验参数下,25CrNi2MoV钢磨损表面均出现了氧化和犁沟现象,磨损机制包含氧化磨损和磨粒磨损;在频率为20Hz条件下,载荷为50,100N时,25CrNi2MoV钢的磨损机制以黏着磨损为主,载荷为150,200N时,主要磨损机制为疲劳磨损;在载荷为30N条件下,频率为15~25Hz时,磨损机制以磨粒磨损为主,当频率增至30Hz时,磨损机制以疲劳磨损为主。     

Processing,microstructural characterization and mechanical properties of a Ti2AlC/nanocrystalline Mg-matrix composite

Herein we report on the processing and microstructural characterization of 50 vol.% Ti₂AlC/nanocrystalline (nc) Mg-matrix composites fabricated by pressureless melt infiltration at 750 °C for 1 h. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy both confirmed that the Mg grain size was ～35 ± 15 nm. The microstructure was also exceptionally stable; annealing for 6 h at 550 °C did not alter the size of the Mg-grains. Some Mg was dissolved in the Ti₂AlC confirming the existence of a (Ti_1-xMg_x)₂AlC solid solution, with x as high as 0.2. A small amount of Ti (3 ± 1 at.%) was also found in the Mg matrix. At 350 ± 40 the ultimate tensile strength is significantly greater than other pure Mg composites reported in the literature. At 700 ± 10 MPa, the ultimate compressive stresses of these composites were ≈ 40% higher than those of a 50 vol.% Ti₃SiC₂–Mg or a 50 vol.% SiC–Mg, in which the Mg-matrix grains were not at the nanoscale. The Ti₂AlC/nc-Mg composites are readily machinable, stiff (≈70 GPa), strong, light (2.9 g/cm³) and exhibited exceptional damping capabilities, that increased as the square of the applied stress to stress levels of the order of ≈ 500 MPa. The energy dissipated per cycle per unit volume at such stress levels is believed to be the highest ever reported for a crystalline solid and to be due to the formation and annihilation of incipient kink bands. The technological implications of having such solids are briefly discussed.