Zinc selenide nanoparticles (ZnSe-NPs): Green synthesis and investigation of their cytotoxicity effects

Mono-dispersed crystalline Zinc selenide nanoparticles (ZnSe-NPs) have been synthesized at ambient temperature conditions via a “green” chemistry method. The nanoparticles were characterized by Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV–vis spectrophotometry. In vitro cytotoxicity studies on Neuro2A and HeLa cell lines illustrated a dose dependent toxicity with non-toxic effect of ZnSe-NPs up to a concentration of 3.9 and 7.8 µg/mL, respectively. The influencing reaction time was also investigated, and the possible formation mechanism was also proposed. The suggested method is facile, green, easy, and it can be employed to large-scale fabrication.     

人参茸芝胶囊的急性毒性实验研究

目的研究人参茸芝胶囊的急性毒性,评价人参茸芝胶囊的安全性。方法根据中药、天然药物急性毒性实验技术指导原则,将60只小鼠按体质量随机分为给药组和空白对照组,禁食不禁水12 h后,给药组将人参茸芝胶囊以最大浓度(2.2 g·m L-1),最大体积(40 m L·kg-1)灌胃给药,空白对照组以等容积的蒸馏水灌胃给药,连续14 d观察小鼠体质量、行为活动以及死亡情况。14 d后处死所有小鼠,观察小鼠心、肝、肾、脑等脏器是否正常。结果给药组小鼠无1例死亡,与对照组比较,给药组小鼠的体质量变化和进食量无显著差异,行为活动无异常。尸解后未见给药组小鼠的脏器异常。小鼠的人参茸芝胶囊的半数致死量(LD50)未测得,最大耐受量(MTD)为88 g·kg-1。结论从药物急性毒性研究结果来看,人参茸芝胶囊是一个安全的剂型。     

无梗五加叶体外抗氧化活性研究

研究无梗五加叶及其不同部分的抗氧化活性,研究其作为食用天然抗氧化剂的可行性.采用DPPH·、ABTS·+自由基及还原性反应体系,利用分光光度法测定无梗五加叶总提液及其不同组分在不同浓度下的抗氧化能力和总酚含量.结果表明:无梗五加叶的不同部分对DPPH·、ABTS·+自由基均具有较强的清除能力,对Fe3+有较强的还原能力...     

基于多指标分析优化苦丁茶冬青瞬时高温灭菌工艺

基于多指标优化苦丁茶冬青瞬时高温灭菌工艺参数。采用正交设计多指标综合加权评分法优化苦丁茶冬青瞬时高温灭菌工艺参数,以灭菌温度、灭菌时间、药材粒度为考察因素,以灭菌率、1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼(DPPH·)抗氧化活性IC₅₀值、多酚类化合物含量为考察指标,采用直观及方差分析结果评价灭菌对3个考察指标的影响;采用指纹图谱技术对灭菌前后的样品进行评价。结果表明,灭菌温度是具有显著影响的因素(P<0.05),确定的最佳灭菌工艺条件为：灭菌温度160℃,灭菌时间10 s,粉碎粒度24目。瞬时高温灭菌对DPPH·抗氧化活性IC₅₀值以及多酚类化合物含量均无显著影响(P>0.05)。按优化工艺灭菌后的3批样品微生物限度检查均符合药典规定;灭菌后3批样品的DPPH·抗氧化活性IC₅₀值较灭菌前减少0.19,多酚类化合物含量较灭菌前增加约0.14%;灭菌前后3批样品的DPPH·抗氧化活性IC₅₀值及多酚类化合物含量结果经t检验均无显著差异(P>0.05);灭菌前后样品指纹图谱相似度>0.9。...     

灵芝水溶性蛋白提取工艺优化

目的优化破壁灵芝孢子粉及灵芝子实体中水溶性蛋白的提取工艺。方法采用中心组合设计方法,以提取温度、提取时间、固液比为考察因素,研究各因素及其交互作用对水溶性蛋白提取率的影响。应用SAS软件和响应面分析相结合的方法,模拟得到回归方程的预测模型和可信度,并通过岭脊分析得到最佳提取条件。结果破壁灵芝孢子粉中水溶性蛋白最佳的提取条件为:提取温度92℃、提取时间196 min、固液比1:173。而灵芝子实体的最佳提取工艺为:提取温度94℃、提取时间157 min、固液比1:166。结论最佳条件下孢子粉中水溶性蛋白的提取率为1.57%,而子实体中水溶性蛋白的提取率为0.96%。     

响应面法优化女贞子多酚的超声提取工艺

目的利用响应面分析法对女贞子多酚的提取工艺进行优化,为女贞子多酚的工业化提取和综合利用奠定基础。方法在单因素试验的基础上,利用响应面分析法考察乙醇的体积分数、液固比、超声提取时间对多酚提取率的影响,并以多酚提取率为响应值,模拟得到二次多项式回归方程的预测模型。结果女贞子多酚类化合物的最佳超声提取工艺为乙醇体积分数12.3%、超声提取时间14.2 min、液固比96.5 m L/g,在最佳工艺条件下多酚得率为6.15%。结论该工艺简单、合理、耗能低,多酚提取率高、速度快、得到的多酚提取物无有毒试剂残留,该工艺适合工业化生产,为女贞子多酚的综合利用奠定了基础。     

Effects of <Superscript>60</Superscript>Co-γ and Electron Beam Irradiation on Storage Quality of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Panax ginseng</Emphasis>

Fresh ginseng was irradiated with ⁶⁰Co-γ or an electron beam at the dose of 2 and 4 kGy and stored at 2 °C. The quality of ginseng was evaluated after 60 and 120 days. Results suggest that when the storage time was 120 days, 2 kGy EI-treated ginseng had the lowest decay rate. During the 2 storage periods, the amounts of most of 9 ginsenosides decreased with an increase in the irradiation dose. The total saponin content of both ⁶⁰Co-γ-irradiated and EI-treated samples decreased with an increase in the irradiation dose. Significant (P <?0.05) upregulation of total polysaccharide content was observed in the 4 kGy EI samples after storage. Samples irradiated at 2 or 4 kGy by electron beam irradiation had the highest concentration of total saponin and ginseng polysaccharides, respectively. Levels of most of 17 amino acids decreased with the increasing irradiation dose. Exposure to irradiation doses up to 4 kGy affected the amino acid content of fresh ginseng. Ginseng irradiated at 4 kGy by ⁶⁰Co-γ irradiation and stored for 120 days had a significantly higher activity of superoxide dismutase (P <?0.05). A significant difference was observed in the total concentration of nucleosides and nucleobases between irradiated and un-irradiated ginseng samples (P <?0.05). These data suggest that the combination of a lower irradiation dose and low temperature is an optimal condition for extending the shelf-life of fresh ginseng without detriment to its ingredients.     

Microstructures and electrochemical performances of La2Mg(Ni0.85Co0.15)9Crx (x = 0–0.2) electrode alloys prepared by casting and rapid quenching

In order to improve the electrochemical cycle stability of La–Mg–Ni system (PuNi₃-type) hydrogen storage alloy, a trace of Cr was added and rapid quenching techniques were employed. The electrochemical performances and microstructures of the as-cast and -quenched alloys were determined and measured. The effects of Cr content and quenching rate on the microstructures and electrochemical properties of the alloys were investigated in detail. The obtained results show that the as-cast and -quenched alloys are composed of the (La, Mg)Ni₃ phase (PuNi₃-type structure) and the LaNi₅ phase as well as the LaNi₂ phase. The amount of the LaNi₂ phase increases with the increase of Cr content. The addition of Cr enhances the cycle stability of the as-cast and -quenched alloys, but decreases the discharge capacities of the alloys. The cycle lives of the alloys increase with the increase of the quenching rate. The as-cast and -quenched alloys have an excellent activation performance.     

薯蓣皂苷元氨基酸衍生物的制备及其 抗肿瘤作用研究

目的制备薯蓣皂苷元氨基酸衍生物,考查衍生物的抗肿瘤作用,并初步探讨其作用机制。方法利用酯化反应制备衍生物,核磁检测确定衍生物化学结构,噻唑蓝(MTT)法检测衍生物对人肿瘤细胞增殖的抑制作用,利用流式细胞术检测缬氨酸薯蓣皂苷元酯对人结肠癌Caco-2肿瘤细胞周期影响。结果成功制备了4个衍生物,分别为苯丙氨酸薯蓣皂苷元酯、丙氨酸薯蓣皂苷元酯、脯氨酸薯蓣皂苷元酯和缬氨酸薯蓣皂苷元酯,其中缬氨酸薯蓣皂苷元酯为新化合物,其对培养的人结肠癌Caco-2、人胃腺癌MGC-709、人肺腺癌细胞SPC-A-1和人神经母细胞瘤SH-SY5Y 4种细胞增殖均表现出明显的抑制作用,而另外3个衍生物抑制作用不明显。缬氨酸薯蓣皂苷元酯能明显影响Caco-2细胞周期,使S期细胞增加,G2/M期细胞减少。结论制备合成的新化合物缬氨酸薯蓣皂苷元酯在体外对人肿瘤细胞生长具有明显抑制作用,能明显影响Caco-2细胞周期。     

辣椒油树脂、辣椒红素及辣椒素提取工艺的研究

目的：研究回流提取法中各因素对辣椒中辣椒油树脂、辣椒红素及辣椒素提取效果的影响。方法：采用L16(45)正交试验,以辣椒油树脂质量及其中辣椒红素相对量、辣椒素含量为指标,确定回流提取法各因素对辣椒中有效物质提取效果的影响,同时研究粉碎粒度对辣椒中各成分提取效果的影响。结果：辣椒最佳回流提取工艺为粉碎度20 目、料液比1:10(g/mL)、体积分数95% 乙醇、70℃回流提取5h、提取3 次。