Novel core-shell-like Ni-supported hierarchical beta zeolite catalysts on bioethanol steam reforming

Hierarchical-Beta zeolites have been hydrothermally synthesized by adding a new gemini organic surfactant. The used gemini surfactant play the role of a “pore-forming agents” on the mesoscale, on the same time, providing alkaline environment for the system. With this hierarchical Beta zeolite as the core support, we successfully prepared a shell layer of Ni-containing (22 wt%) petal-like core-shell-like catalyst and applied it to bioethanol steam reforming. At the reaction temperature of 350 °C–550 °C, the conversion rate of ethanol and the selectivity of hydrogen were always above 85% and 70%. After reaction of 100 h on stream at 400 °C, there were not obvious inactivation could be observed on NiNPs/OH-MBeta catalyst.     

Improving storability,physiological disorders,and antioxidant properties of ‘Bartlett’ and ‘d’Anjou’ pears (Pyrus communis L.) by pre-harvest 1-methylcyclopropene spraying

Ethylene continues to be a major factor influencing quality of European pears during storage. Although research has been done on the effect of pre-harvest 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on physiological characteristics in pears, a full understanding of cultivar response and antioxidant metabolism remains elusive. Spraying 1-MCP on ‘Bartlett’ and ‘d’Anjou’ pears was studied with respect to physiology, storage and eating quality, disorders, and antioxidant properties at two harvest date (H1 and H2) during storage and ripening. Treatment with 1-MCP extended the harvest window of ‘Bartlett’ and ‘d’Anjou’ pears 3 and 4 days, respectively, without reducing storage or eating quality. Treatment with 1-MCP reduced ethylene production (EPR) and respiration rates (RR), maintained fruit firmness and green colour during storage and retarded development of desirable melting texture in both cultivars. Additionally, 1-MCP lowered the incidence of disorders by alleviating membrane lipid peroxidation, retaining high total flavonoids (TF) and antioxidant capacity, and enhancing superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity in both cultivars. Overall, pre-harvest 1-MCP applications could extend storage time of ‘Bartlett’ and ‘d’Anjou’ pears to 5 and 6 months, respectively, at −1.1 ± 0.5 °C, by reducing ethylene synthesis and enhancing antioxidant metabolism.     

Emerging functional nanomaterials for the detection of food contaminants

Along with the progress in nanoscience, a variety of advanced functional nanomaterials were constructed to develop effective and innovative analytical techniques for food safety surveillance. In this review, we summarized the advanced analytical methods that have been developed based upon advanced functional nanomaterials, including plasmonic nanomaterial-based colorimetric methods, fluorescent nanomaterial-based fluorescent methods, advanced functional material-based molecular imprinting technology, advanced functional material-based chromatographic methods, plasmonic nanomaterial-based surface enhanced Raman scattering technology, and advanced functional material-based electrochemical methods. This review provides a progressive roadmap for further development of portable, rapid, and in situ detection technology to promote food safety surveillance from bench to market and eventually reduce the gap between research in the laboratory and industrial applications.     

N-Positive ion activated rapid addition and mitochondrial targeting ratiometric fluorescent probes for in vivo cell H2S imaging

Heterocyclic compound quinoline and its derivatives exist in natural compounds and have a broad spectrum of biological activity.They play an important role in the design of new structural entities for medical applications.Similarly,indoles and their derivatives are found widely in nature.Amino acids,alkaloids and auxin are all derivatives of indoles,as are dyes,and their condensation with aldehydes makes it easy to construct reaction sites for nucleophilic addition agents.In this work,we combine these two groups organically to construct a rapid response site(within 30 s)for H₂S,and at the same time,a ratiometric fluorescence response is presented throughout the process of H₂S detection.As such,the lower detection limit can reach 55.7 nmol/L for H₂S.In addition,cell imaging shows that this probe can be used for the mitochondrial targeted detection of endogenous and exogenous H₂S.Finally,this probe application was verified by imaging H₂S in nude mice.     

植酸的体内抗氧化活性研究

将Specific pathogen free(SPF)级昆明小鼠随机分为药物组和正常对照组,分别灌胃植酸和生理盐水,30 d后经眼球职血和颈椎脱臼法处死,制取血清和肝组织匀浆,并测定其中总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性和丙二醛(MDA...     

响应面法优化复合护色剂对柿汁褐变的影响

以柿果为原料,利用曲酸、L-半胱氨酸、抗坏血酸、柠檬酸为护色剂对柿汁加工过程中抑制褐变进行研究。以褐变抑制率和色差值为指标,在添加不同浓度护色剂单因素试验基础上,进行正交试验,选取对褐变抑制率及色差值影响较大的三种护色剂为自变量,褐变抑制率为响应值,采用Box-Behnken中心组合试验和响应面分析法,研究自变量交互作用对柿汁褐变的影响。结果表明:柿汁复合护色剂最优配比为曲酸1.02g/100mL、抗坏血酸0.41g/100mL、柠檬酸0.83 g/100mL,此条件下柿汁褐变抑制率实测值为86.15%,与预测值吻合率可达97.79%,可有效抑制柿汁褐变发生。     

微粉化胡萝卜渣的乳化性研究

为探讨微粉化技术对胡萝卜渣的乳化效果,充分开发胡萝卜渣的利用价值,本研究以胡萝卜渣为试验材料,通过不同研磨时间得到不同研磨程度的胡萝卜渣粉,比较胡萝卜渣添加量及油水比对添加胡萝卜渣粉乳液的稳定性和乳化性影响,得出最佳稳定胡萝卜膳食纤维乳液的条件,并在此条件下制备乳液,研究pH、NaCl浓度、温度对乳液的乳化性、稳定性及乳析指数的影响。实验结果表明:研磨改变了胡萝卜渣的形貌结构,研磨30 min后颗粒尺寸没有进一步降低,且其乳化能力及稳定性均随着研磨时间的延长而呈现先上升后下降的趋势,当研磨时间为30 min时,乳液的乳化性及稳定性最好。同时,在最佳乳化剂、最佳油水比（2:8）及胡萝卜渣浓度（3%）下,其EAI和ESI达到60.05 m2/g和60.64 min,并且乳液乳化性会随着pH升高而增强,稳定性随着pH升高而先增强,在pH为6时略微降低再增强;随NaCl浓度的升高而降低;乳化性随温度的升高先升高后降低,稳定性随温度的升高而降低。微粉化后的胡萝卜渣有良好稳定乳液的能力,具有作为食品级乳液稳定剂的应用潜力。     

Constructing LBL-assembled functional bio-architecture using gold nanorods for lactate detection

Layer-by-layer assembly technique was employed to fabricate functional bio-architecture on 3D gold nanorods suitable for working electrode for lactate detection. Successive immobilization of horseradish peroxidase and lactate oxidase on the nanorods was carried out by direct adsorption and specific interaction. The bio-architecture constructed using 3D gold nanorods electrode shows higher sensitivity compared to 2D flat gold electrode due to an increased amount of accessible enzymes and a high transduction capacity. This functional structure system was applied to the determination of l-lactate concentration. The CV results showed a linear response at the 0.1 mM level of l-lactate with a sensitivity of 1.02 μA/mM.     

乙醇胁迫提高植物乳杆菌p-8的共轭亚油酸(CLA)转化率和相关酶转录水平

该文研究了在MRS培养基中添加0.05 mg/mL LA（Linoleic acid,LA）和不同浓度的乙醇时植物乳杆菌p-8的CLA（Conjugated linoleic acid,CLA）转化率和CLA合成相关酶转录水平的差异情况。结果显示,发酵液中的三种CLA异构体转化率都是在添加0.50%乙醇时最高,其中转化cis9,trans11-CLA（t9,t11-CLA）异构体最高,为2.49%,比不添加乙醇增加2.37倍。添加不同浓度乙醇的发酵液中trans10,cis12-CLA（t10,c12-CLA）转化率都是最低的。菌体中产生的CLA非常少,但规律与发酵液的基本一致。添加0.50%乙醇菌体中t9,t11-CLA转化率最高,其转化率仅为0.05%,比不添加乙醇增加了5倍。当乙醇浓度高于0.50%时,各种不同CLA异构体的转化率却都减少。结果表明CLA是在胞液内产生后再被运转到胞外的,一定浓度范围内的乙醇胁迫通过提高CLA合成相关的酶基因转录水平,进而促进了CLA的转化,可见CLA合成相关酶基因转录水平是造成CLA转化率差异的主要原因。结果为阐明植物乳杆菌p-8产CLA的分子机制和寻找有效提高CLA生成的调控手段奠定了基础。