蜂胶中咖啡酸苯乙酯的研究进展

介绍蜂胶中咖啡酸苯乙酯（CAPE）的最近研究进展;查阅了大量相关文献,总结了CAPE的化学结构、药理作用等内容;结果：CAPE是蜂胶中的主要活性组分,具有广泛的生物学活性,如抗炎、抗肿瘤、免疫调节以及抗氧化作用;CAPE在食品、医学上具有广阔的应用前景.     

Polyacetylene-based polyelectrolyte as a universal interfacial layer for efficient inverted polymer solar cells

Here we report that poly(N-dodecyl-2-ethynylpyridiniumbromide) (PDEPB) interlayers between electron-collecting zinc oxide (ZnO) layers and bulk heterojunction (BHJ) layers act as a universal interfacial layer for improving the performances of inverted-type polymer:fullerene solar cells. Three different BHJ layers, poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT):[6,6]-phenyl-C₆₁-butyric acid methyl ester (PC₆₁BM), poly[(4,8-bis(2-ethylhexyloxy)-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene)-2,6-diyl-alt-(N-2-ethylhexylthieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione)-2,6-diyl]] (PBDTTPD):PC₆₁BM, and poly[4,8-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene-2,6-diyl][3-fluoro-2-[(2-ethylhexyl)carbonyl]thieno[3,4-b]-thiophenediyl] (PTB7) and [6,6]-phenyl-C₇₁-butyric acid methyl ester (PC₇₁BM), were employed so as to prove the role of the PDEPB interlayers. Results showed that the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of polymer:fullerene solar cells with the three different BHJ layers increased in the presence of the PDEPB interlayers prepared from 0.5 mg/ml solutions. The improved PCE was attributed to the conformal coating of the PDEPB layers on the ZnO layers (by atomic force microscopy measurement), lowered work functions of ZnO induced by the PDEPB layers (by Kelvin probe measurement), and reduced interface resistance (by impedance spectroscopy measurement), as supported by the noticeable change in the atom environments of both the ZnO and PDEPB layers (by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement).     

Efficient perovskite solar cells using trichlorosilanes as perovskite/PCBM interface modifiers

Interfaces are crucial for high-performance perovskite solar cells. Here, phenyltrichlorosilane (PTS) and octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) were used to modify the interface between perovskite layer and [6,6]-phenyl-C₆₁-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) layer in an inverted layered perovskite device. Such treatments facilitated the formation of a high-quality PCBM film and effectively decreased the density of surface traps that induce undesirable electron-hole recombination. As a result, the average power conversion efficiency of PTS (and OTS) modified devices was improved from 9.60% to 11.96% (and 11.08%), with a highest value of 12.63% (and 11.87%). Therefore, this study provides an attractive mothed to improve the quality of PCBM film on top of perovskite layer and finally the performance of inverted perovskite solar cells.     

Urchin-like Co0.8-Mn0.2-P/CC nanowires array: a high-performance and cost-effective hydrogen evolution electrocatalyst

Using cost-effective materials to replace precious Pt-based hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts holds great foreground for energy saving and environmental protection. In this work, we successfully prepared an urchin-like Co_0.8-Mn_0.2-P nanowires array supported on carbon cloth (CC) through a hydrothermal-phosphatization strategy and we also systematically studied its electrocatalytic HER performance. Electrochemical tests demonstrate that our urchin-like Co_0.8-Mn_0.2-P/CC possesses outstanding HER activity in acidic and alkaline media. In 0.5 M H₂SO₄, this urchin-like Co_0.8-Mn_0.2-P/CC only requires an overpotential of 55 mV to drive a current density of 10 mA cm⁻², with the Tafel slope of 55.9 mV dec⁻¹. Similarly, when reaching the same current density, just a particularly low overpotential of 61 mV is required with a corresponding Tafel slope of 41.7 mV dec⁻¹ in 1 M KOH. Furthermore, this electrocatalyst exhibits superior stability with 1000 cycles of cyclic voltammetry and 24 h in the I-T test. Such excellent HER catalytic performance can be attributed to the synergistic effect between Co and Mn atoms and high electrochemical active surface area (ECSA). Our work provides a valuable synthesis strategy of non-precious and high HER performance catalytic material.     

Catalytic characteristics of CexCu1-xO1.9 catalysts formed by solid state method for MTS and OMTS reactions

Ce_xCu_1-xO_1.9 (x = 0.3, 0.5, 0.8 and 0.9) catalysts were synthesized by solid state method, using ball mill apparatus, and evaluated in medium temperature shift (MTS), as well as oxygen assisted MTS (OMTS) reactions at temperature range of 300–390 °C. Catalysts were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Temperature Programmed Reduction (TPR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and N₂ adsorption-desorption (BET) analysis. Ce_0.9Cu_0.1O_1.9 sample showed the best catalytic activity and structural properties. Decrease in proportion of Cu to Ce, leads to increase in the Cu-Ce mixed oxide formation (according to TPR analysis), significant increase in BET surface area (from 18 m²/g for Ce_0.3Cu_0.7O_1.9–48 m²/g for Ce_0.9Cu_0.1O_1.9), and decrease in CuO crystalline size (XRD). Moreover, the effect of oxygen addition to the feed (O₂/CO ratio = 0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 1), on the catalytic performance was evaluated. CO conversion was increased by enhancing the amount of oxygen (from 60% to 80% at 360 °C). CO and H₂ oxidations are occurring as competitive parallel reactions in which CO oxidation is dominant at low O₂/CO ratios (<0.5) and H₂ oxidation (undesirable for MTS reaction) at high O₂/CO ratios (>0.5). Furthermore, molar ratios of steam to CO at ranges of 2–4 were compared in OMTS reaction. According to the obtained results, the magnitudes of O₂/CO ratio and S/C ratio which were 0.5 and 4, respectively, were selected as the best values for OMTS reaction.     

桦褐孔菌醇提物抗氧化活性部位的筛选※

目的比较桦褐孔菌醇提物不同极性部位的抗氧化活性,从中筛选出抗氧化的功能部位。方法采用系统溶剂法分离桦褐孔菌菌核的乙醇提取物,分别得到石油醚相、氯仿相、乙酸乙酯相和乙醇相等4个不同极性部位,以还原力及对2,2-二(4-叔辛基苯基)-1-苦肼基自由基(DPPH·)和羟自由基(·OH)的清除能力作为筛选其抗氧化活性的评价指标,并对4种萃取物所含有的黄酮含量和多酚含量进行测定。结果 4种提取物均具有较高的抗氧化活性,还原力及清除DPPH·和·OH的活性大小顺序均为:乙醇相乙酸乙酯相氯仿相石油醚相,并与多酚含量和黄酮含量具有很高的相关性。乙醇相的清除率最高,在500μg/m L时,对DPPH·和·OH的清除率分别高达83.13%和52.44%,非常接近于阳性对照抗坏血酸的清除活性。结论乙醇相是主要的抗氧化活性部位,值得进一步开发利用。     

产香微生物的应用现状

对产香微生物的应用现状进行了全面的阐述，并且对这些领域的历史和发展前景进行了简要的分析。     

蜂胶口服液的制备及其黄酮类化合物的测定

用不同浓度的乙醇溶液浸提粗蜂胶,利用芦丁标准曲线法测定各溶液中黄酮类化合物的含量,表明80%的提取效果最好.选择80%乙醇提取粗蜂胶经过滤、浓缩制成纯蜂胶,冷冻保存,并进一步探讨了蜂胶口服液的制备.     

顶空进样-毛细管气相色谱法检测饮料用焦糖色素中的4-甲基咪唑

建立了顶空进样-毛细管气相色谱法测定饮料用焦糖色素中4-甲基咪唑含量的方法。采用HP-5毛细管柱、氮磷检测器,溶剂为二氯甲烷,内标为N,N-二甲基苯胺。方法的线性范围为0．025μg／ml-0．295μg／ml,最低检测浓度为0．01μg/ml;回收率在99％以上,相对标准偏差在2％之内。该方法重现性好、简单、快速、准确,能满足分析检测的需要。     

丹参叶保健饮料的研制

为了充分利用丹参叶丰富的营养成分和保健功能,以丹参叶为主要原料研制保健饮料,采用正交试验和感官评定确定了产品配方和加工工艺。丹参叶保健饮料最佳配方为：丹参叶浸提物30%、木糖醇6%、柠檬酸0.06%、蜂蜜1.5%。