4种乌龙茶树鲜叶适制绿茶、黄茶、白茶、红茶可行性研究

选用‘毛蟹’、‘丹桂’、‘九龙袍’、‘矮脚乌龙’4个乌龙茶树品种新梢为原料,分别蒸青固样并加工成绿茶、黄茶、白茶、红茶。所制茶样通过感官审评和生化成分分析,分析其茶类适制性。结果表明:用‘毛蟹’试制的绿茶,其氨基酸含量在4个品种中最高,为2.02%,酯型儿茶素含量为10.27%,仅低于九龙袍;用‘毛蟹’试制的黄茶,其水浸出物含量、氨基酸含量和咖啡碱含量分别为40.91%、2.13%、3.96%,均高于其它3个品种;用‘毛蟹’试制的白茶,其水浸出物含量在4个品种中最高,为44.32%,茶多酚含量为24.28%,仅低于矮脚乌龙;用‘矮脚乌龙’试制的红茶,其水浸出物含量、茶多酚含量、儿茶素总量和茶黄素含量均为4个品种中最高,分别为40.17%、23.34%、3.18%、0.42%。感官审评结果表明,‘毛蟹’制绿茶、黄茶和白茶品质均优,‘矮脚乌龙’制红茶品质优,‘丹桂’制白茶品质较优。综上,‘毛蟹’品种茶类适制性强,适制绿茶、黄茶和白茶,‘矮脚乌龙’适制红茶,‘丹桂’适制白茶。     

松毛菇多酚抗氧化及抑菌活性研究

以超声波辅助乙醇提取松毛菇粗多酚和经大孔树脂纯化的松毛菇纯化多酚为原料,研究了松毛菇多酚对·OH、O_2^-·和DPPH·的清除作用,并应用滤纸片法研究其抑菌活性。结果表明,松毛菇粗多酚和纯化多酚均具有清除·OH、O_2^-·和DPPH·的作用,且清除能力均与多酚质量浓度呈量效关系。松毛菇粗多酚及纯化多酚对5种供试菌(大肠埃希氏菌、伤寒沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、酿酒酵母)表现出不同的抑菌活性,相同浓度下两者对酿酒酵母的抑菌能力最强,纯化多酚对大肠埃希氏菌的抑菌能力最弱,粗多酚对大肠埃希氏菌无抑制作用。纯化多酚对5种供试菌的抑菌作用与其质量浓度呈正相关,除大肠埃希氏菌外,粗多酚对其他供试菌的抑菌作用亦与多酚浓度呈正相关。相同浓度下纯化多酚的抑菌活性强于粗多酚。     

焙火时间对武夷岩茶肉桂香气品质的影响

目的 探讨焙火时间对武夷岩茶(肉桂)香气品质的影响.方法 采用传统炭焙工艺处理[参数为温度(130±5)℃、时间持续16 h]武夷肉桂毛茶,以炭焙时间4 h间隔取样,一共得到5个供测试样(毛茶、炭焙4 h、炭焙8h、炭焙12h、炭焙16h),样品前处理采用顶空-固相微萃取方法,然后用气相色谱-质谱法分离鉴定其香气成分,...     

不同贮藏年份武夷水仙茶主要生化成分及感官品质分析

为探明贮藏时间对武夷水仙茶主要生化成分和感官品质的影响,测定了10个不同贮藏年份的武夷水仙茶中水浸出物、茶多酚、游离氨基酸、咖啡碱、黄酮类等主要品质成分含量,采用感官审评方法分析了感官品质,并采用多元统计方法进行了分析与分类.结果 表明,随着贮藏时间的延长,茶多酚含量呈先升高后降低趋势,游离氨基酸含量呈下降趋势,咖啡碱...     

小种红茶水浸出物近红外定量分析模型的建立

为实现近红外光谱技术在小种红茶中的快速无损检测,对76份有代表性的小种红茶按现行国家标准测定其水浸出物含量,采集样品的近红外光谱,采用OPUS 7.5软件,结合偏最小二乘法(partial least squares,PLS)建立小种红茶水浸出物含量的近红外定量分析模型。结果表明,所建立的水浸出物定量模型决定系数R2为95.73%,校正均方差(root mean square error of calibration,RMSEC)为0.629,验证均方差(root mean square error of prediction,RMSEP)为0.513。所建立的小种红茶水浸出物含量的近红外定量分析模型较为成功,模型预测效果较好,能够对小种红茶中水浸出物的含量进行快速地分析。     

The impact of processing techniques on tea volatiles

The impact of various cultural and manufacturing techniques on volatile flavour composition was studied in order to optimize the conditions for production and retention of aroma in relation to tea quality. The Flavour Index was in the order: clonal variation—Assam > > Cambod > China Shoot maturity—Bud + 1st leaf > > > 2nd leaf > > 3rd leaf; plucking interval 7 day > 14 day; processing—green leaf > withered leaf—fermented dhool < dried tea < < tea brew; withering—soft < normal < hard. VFC Group I was in general dominated by trans-2-hexenal and Group II by linalool, phenylacetaldehyde and geraniol. Fresh green leaf had a high content of hexanol, hexanal, hexenol, hexenal and methyl salicylate. Upon withering, a sharp increase in Group I was noticed, the most remarkable being in hexenol. Group II also increased, but the extent was less except for linalool. During fermentation, Group I alcohols showed a sharp reduction with concomitant increases in aldehydes, especially trans-2-hexenal. In Group II, all compounds increased except methyl salicylate and the ionones. In the firing stage, high losses of Group I and Group II were registered. All the Group I compounds showed a decline with the progress of withering, but the opposite applied to Group II compounds, except for the alcohols. Mechanical injury during handling of leaf before cutting increased the Group I content enormously. The addition of exogenous fatty acids, mainly linoleic acid, produced substantial amounts of Group I compounds, dominated by trans-2-hexenal and hexanal. The inhibition of lipoxygenase totally reduced the formation of Group I volatiles.