某大学城发生肠炎沙门菌食物中毒的调查分析

目的 调查并有效控制某大学城发生的一起较大食物中毒事件.方法 通过流行病学调查、卫生学调查、实验室检验,并应用SPSS11.0对数据库进行分析.结果 206例病人（来自3所大学）出现发热、腹泻、腹痛等胃肠道感染症状.流行病学曲线显示有2个发病高峰,班级及宿舍分布没有明显聚集性,也无明显年龄倾向性.病例对照显示某大学第二食堂是引起本事件的暴发场所,白切鸡等熟食品是高危食品.食品、工用具、病人、厨工肛拭均检出肠炎沙门菌.结论 确认该食物中毒是一起由肠炎沙门菌引起的食物中毒暴发事件.     

广州市2006－2009年水产品副溶血性弧菌监测结果分析

目的 了解广州市市售水产品副溶血性弧菌污染情况,为水产品安全性风险评估提供参考依据.方法 在全市12个区的餐饮企业、肉菜市场、超级市场、批发点等4类采样点,分季度抽取水产品样品进行副溶血性弧菌检测.结果 副溶血性弧菌检出率为13.55%(102/753).不同种类(x~2=13.106,P <0.05)、不同年份(x~2=55.583,P<0.05)、不同季度(X~2=15.612,P<0.05)以及不同采样地点(x~2= 14.268,P < 0.05)的水产品检出副溶血性弧菌情况不同.差异有统计学意义.结论 广州市市售水产品副溶血性弧菌检出率较高,为产生该类致病菌性食物中毒的安全隐患.     

Enhancement of catalytic activity of Raney nickel by cobalt addition

The effects of cobalt as a promoter of the catalytic activity of Raney nickel for various manufacturing esses have been studied. The variation of particle size distribution, specific surface area and residual aluminium content can also affect the catalytic properties of Raney nickel. The characteristics of the catalyst are considerably influenced by the relative nickel and aluminium contents. When the catalysts are prepared from 60 wt.% nickel and 40 wt.% aluminium, the electrode performance shows the highest current density of 450 mA/cm². With the addition of cobalt, the particle size is diminished from 13.92 to 11.70 μm and the decrease of the particle size contributes to a slight enlargement of the specific surface area. The mass activity of a hydrogen electrode manufactured with cobalt Raney nickel in alkaline solution is increased from 3.74 to 4.03 A/g when 120 mg/cm² of catalyst are loaded in the electrode.     

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Listeria species isolated from milk and dairy products in Iran

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Listeria spp. in milk and dairy products in Isfahan province, Iran. From March 2007 to September 2009, a total of 594 samples of various milk and dairy products were obtained from randomly selected retail stores. Using conventional bacteriologic method, 55 samples (9.3%) were positive for Listeria spp. The highest prevalence of Listeria was found in raw sheep milk samples (22.6%), followed by cheese samples (18.9%). The most species recovered was Listeria innocua (58.2%); the remaining isolates were Listeria monocytogenes (32.7%) and Listeria seeligari (9.1%). Overall, 54 Listeria isolates (98.2%) were resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents. Resistance to nalidixic acid was the most common finding (96.4%). All Listeria isolates were susceptible to vancomycin. The results of this study indicate the potential risk of infection with Listeria in people consuming raw and unpasteurized milk and dairy products.     

广州市2006-2011年蛋及蛋制品铅污染水平分析

摘要： 目的 分析广州市2006-2011年鲜蛋及蛋制品中重金属铅污染监测结果,了解广州市市售蛋及蛋制品铅污染状况。 方法 采取分层抽样方法,在广州市12个区中选择肉菜市场,超市,餐饮单位,零售店,批发点、流动摊贩6大类采样点,分阶段抽取518份蛋及蛋制品样品进行重金属铅元素检测。 结果 518份样品进行重金属铅检测,合格479份,合格率92.47%。其中皮蛋合格率为93.85%(168/179),检出率为62.57%（112/179）,鲜蛋合格率为93.13%(217/233),检出率为63.52%（148/233）,咸蛋合格率为88.68%(94/106),检出率为58.49%（62/106）。 结论 广州市蛋及蛋制品存在一定程度的重金属铅污染,重金属铅超标率为7.53%,检出率达到62.16%,需要有关部门加强监测,追查超标样品来源,采取有效措施,尽可能减少市售蛋及蛋制品中出现铅超标样品。     

水产品副溶血性弧菌污染监测结果的比较分析

摘 要：目的 了解我国水产品副溶血性弧菌污染情况,找出风险监测及预防副溶血性弧菌食物中毒重点区域。方法 以广州市往年监测数据为基础,结合文献公布的其他区域中水产品副溶血性弧菌污染监测结果,进行综合分析,得出结论。结果 2124份水产品样品进行副溶血性弧菌检测, 检出451份,检出率为21.23%。广东、江苏、浙江等沿海地区检出率高于内地监测结果,广东地区检出率高于江浙地区,广东地区淡水鱼副溶血性弧菌检出率高于内地水产品检出率(χ2=4.845,P < 0.05)。结论 广东地区为国内水产品副溶血性弧菌污染最严重的地区,其次为江浙地区,两地检出率均远高于内地,表明国内水产品副溶血性弧菌风险监测重点区域为广东及江浙等沿海地区。     

2009—2013年广州市市售粮油食品黄曲霉毒素B1调查

目的了解2009—2013年广州市市售食品中黄曲霉毒素B1污染水平,为广州市开展居民膳食中黄曲霉毒素B1风险评估提供基础数据。方法在广州市10个区的农贸市场、超市、批发市场、餐饮单位、加工场以及零售店等随机采集米及米制品(大米及米粉)、面及面制品(小麦粉及面包)、植物油(花生油、玉米油)、花生(熟制及生花生)、玉米粉(渣、碎)、油炸食品以及大豆共7类食品,采用国家标准测定方法(ELISA)进行黄曲霉毒素B1的含量测定。结果 820份样品中共260份被检出黄曲霉毒素B1,检出率为31.71%,检出值范围为0.012~39.300μg/kg,均值为2.675μg/kg,中位数为2.5μg/kg,食品总体合格率为98.66%。结论广州市市售粮油食品黄曲霉毒素B1总体污染水平不高,但植物油(花生、玉米)检出率较高。     

广东省市售纯牛奶营养标签标示现状调查

通过对纯牛奶样品营养标签的调查分析,了解广东省市售纯牛奶营养标签的现状。方法 采集广州、深圳、茂名、清远、梅州5个城市的市售纯牛奶样品,对其营养标签进行分析。结果 全部68份纯牛奶样品,均标示了能量和核心营养素含量值,但个别纯牛奶样品分别存在未标注营养素参考值(NRV)的百分比、未使用我国营养标签要求的能量与营养素单位、钠含量单位错标成毫升等营养标签标注不规范的问题。结论 GB 28050—2011《食品安全国家标准 预包装食品营养标签通则》自2013年1月实施以来,在规范营养标签方面取得了较大成效,但纯牛奶样品营养标签现状揭示的问题表明,相关部门仍需加大宣传力度,指导企业和食品进口商按照标准要求正确标示营养标签。     

Incidence of Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in two Kasar Cheese processing environments

This study was designed to determine the presences of two environmental pathogens in two dairy factories in Sakarya, Turkey. A total of 264 environmental samples, raw milk and cheese samples were taken at four different seasons. According to the results, Listeria monocytogenes or Escherichia coli O157:H7 was isolated from 26 or 2.7% of the samples collected from both factories, respectively. None of the cheese or curd samples were found to be positive for Listeria or E. coli O157:H7. However, 50% of raw milk samples contained Listeria innocua. Listeria was mostly isolated from the swap samples taken from the drains or the floors in processing or packaging areas. However, E. coli was also isolated from the swap samples taken from the workers’ hands and gloves as well as the drains and the floor. Only one raw milk sample contained E. coli O157:H7. A higher prevalence of both pathogens was observed in the summer months than in the other months.     

3种方法检测婴幼儿配方奶粉中的阪崎肠杆菌

目的对市售婴幼儿配方奶粉中阪崎肠杆菌检测方法进行研究。方法分别用常规培养鉴定方法、常规PCR方法和实时荧光PCR方法对32份奶粉样品进行阪崎肠杆菌分离鉴定。结果32份样品中检出2株阳性株，阳性率为6．25％，3种鉴定方法结果相符。结论联合使用多种鉴定方法可提高阪崎肠杆菌检测的可靠性。