Vessel segmentation and width estimation in retinal images using multiscale production of matched filter responses

Automated segmentation of blood vessels in retinal images can help ophthalmologists screen larger populations for vessel abnormalities. However, automated vessel extraction is difficult due to the fact that the width of retinal vessels can vary from very large to very small, and that the local contrast of vessels is unstable. Further, the small vessels are overwhelmed by Gaussian-like noises. Therefore the accurate segmentation and width estimation of small vessels are very challenging. In this paper, we propose a simple and efficient multiscale vessel extraction scheme by multiplying the responses of matched filters at three scales. Since the vessel structures will have relatively strong responses to the matched filters at different scales but the background noises will not, scale production could further enhance vessels while suppressing noise. After appropriate selection of scale parameters and appropriate normalization of filter responses, the filter responses are then extracted and fused in the scale production domain. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method works well for accurately segmenting vessels with good width estimation.     

Alcohol-assisted rapid growth of vertically aligned carbon nanotube arrays

Millimeter-to-centimeter scale vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT) arrays are widely studied because of their immense potential in a range of applications. Catalyst control during chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is key to maintain the sustained growth of VACNT arrays. Herein, we achieved ultrafast growth of VACNT arrays using Fe/Al₂O₃ catalysts by ethanol-assisted two-zone CVD. One zone was set at temperatures above 850 °C to pyrolyze the carbon source and the other zone was set at 760 °C for VACNT deposition. By tuning synthesis parameters, up to 7 mm long VACNT arrays could be grown within 45 min, with a maximal growth rate of ∼280 μm/min. Our study indicates that the introduction of alcohol vapor and separation of growth zones from the carbon decomposition zone help reduce catalyst particle deactivation and accelerate the carbon source pyrolysis, leading to the promotion of VACNT array growth. We also observed that the catalyst film thickness did not significantly affect the CNT growth rate and microstructures under the conditions of our study. Additionally, the ultralong CNTs showed better processability with less structural deformation when exposed to solvent and polymer solutions. Our results demonstrate significant progress towards commercial production and application of VACNT arrays.     

信息技术设备的EMC要求

本文从认证方式,测试标准,测试项目,测试限值,符合性标签的使用等方面叙述了美国、加拿大、欧盟、澳洲和新西兰对信息技术设备的EMC要求.     

医用电气设备电磁抗扰度测试要求

本文主要介绍了YY0505—2005《医用电气设备第1-2部分：安全通用要求-并列标准：电磁兼容-要求和试验方法》中医用电气设备的电磁抗扰度测试要求。     

TS9980测试系统S1测量不确定度的评定

文章从对比介绍随机误差与系统误差开始,引入测量不确定度的概念,并分析了测量误差与测量不确定度的区别.文章以EMC测试中的抗扰度测试为背景,详细进行了一次音视频产品抗扰度特性测试的不确定度分析.说明了测量不确定度在测量结果的表达中具有重要的作用.     

穿孔管消声器声学性能三维时域计算及分析

将三维时域计算流体动力学(Computational fluid dynamics,CFD)法应用于计算有流情况下穿孔管消声器的声学性能。在消声器进口处施加脉冲信号与不施加任何信号的两种情况下,通过非定常计算分别得到消声器上下游监视点的时域压力值。同一监视点两次计算结果之差就是脉冲信号及其反射信号。使用快速傅里叶变换将时域声压信号转换到频域,计算出消声器的传递损失。对于直通穿孔管消声器和横流穿孔管消声器,使用三维时域CFD法计算传递损失,并与试验测量结果和频域法计算结果进行比较,以验证三维时域CFD法预测穿孔管消声器声衰减性能的准确性。分析气流速度和温度对横流穿孔管消声器传递损失的影响。结果表明,随着气流速度的增加,传递损失曲线向低频方向移动,多数频率处的传递损失有所增加;随着介质温度的升高,传递损失曲线向高频方向移动。     

茶叶中稀土污染调查研究

探讨深圳市茶叶稀土污染状况,并尝试寻找此类污染的主要原因及解决办法。2009～2010年,笔者在市售产品中抽取绿茶,花茶,红茶,黑茶和乌龙茶共324批次,采用ICP-MS测定样本中稀土含量（以稀土氧化物计）,并按GB2762-2003食品中污染物限量标准评价。绿茶,花茶,红茶,黑茶和乌龙茶的合格率分别为65.8%、54.3%、33.3%、27.7%、14.5%。建议从规范施肥方式、定期监测土壤污染情况、探索治理方法等方面寻找解决办法,同时建立更科学合理的安全评价方法。建议相关部门对取消茶叶稀土限量要求慎重考虑。     

辣椒及其制品中罗丹明B的超高效液相色谱荧光检测

建立用超高效液相色谱荧光检测器测定辣椒及其制品中罗丹明B残留量的方法。样品中残留的罗丹明B用甲醇/水溶液提取,高速离心后,用超高效液相色谱荧光检测器测定,外标峰面积法定量。罗丹明B在5～500μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,3个水平（5.0、20.0、60.0μg/kg）添加罗丹明B的回收率为80.0%～119.8%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为1.08%～2.64%,检出限为5μg/kg。此方法具有简单、快速、准确等优点,适用于辣椒及其制品中残留罗丹明B的检测。     

扁桃仁蛋白饮料中扁桃仁蛋白高特异性的定量方法

建立基于竞争酶联免疫分析(ELISA)的扁桃仁蛋白饮料中扁桃仁蛋白定量方法。使用双向电泳比较了扁桃仁和杏仁的蛋白质组上的差异,并且测序了杏仁prunin蛋白的氨基酸序列。鉴定,提取,纯化了扁桃仁分子量27 ku且p I 5.5~8.0的prunin蛋白亚基片段并且将其作为抗原制备特异性抗扁桃仁prunin蛋白单克隆抗体。使用单克隆抗体建立了检测扁桃仁蛋白的竞争酶联免疫分析方法。基于扁桃仁可溶全蛋白作为标准品,该方法的IC50为10.3μg/m L,线性范围为2.0~100μg/m L(R2=0.991)。该方法特异性良好,与杏仁和其他可食种子蛋白无交叉反应。样品前处理使用含有0.1%二硫苏糖醇(DTT)的7M尿素作为提取液。检测植物蛋白饮料样品的检出限为300μg/m L,相对标准偏差10%。使用巴氏杀菌,超高温瞬时灭菌和高压灭菌的蛋白平均回收率分别为97%,93%和84%。     

电子电气产品如何引入生态设计

在全球环保法规以及可持续发展的要求下,我国电子电气企业为避免出口损失,亟需将生态设计引入产品的研发。该文介绍了电子电气产品引入生态设计的一般流程,并提供生态设计策略供企业参考。