基于改进下垂控制的多微网并联运行控制策略研究

多微网并联的电网系统结构复杂、连接方式多样,在并网、解列的过程中由于子微网之间的频率和电压偏差,会在平衡点产生较大的电动力,对系统产生冲击,影响系统的动态稳定。本文针对多微网并网、解列过程中控制精度和动态稳定的问题,基于长距离线路电压降落和电压相角偏移,提出了一种改进的下垂控制方法,减少了系统的电压震荡和频率波动。最后基于Matlab/Simulink建立仿真模型,仿真结果验证了改进控制策略的合理性和有效性。     

天然气发电项目分类与审批办法建议——兼论分布式供能系统与冷热电联供的关系

从世界能源转型的历史进程和视野论述了燃煤热电联产发展为天然气冷热电联供的必然性;剖析了能源生产和供应的集中与分散的关系.论述了相对于集中的千MW级煤、水、核电主力基荷机组,百MW级天然气发电属于分布式能源.中国"十二五"将建设的一大批支撑地方新区域经济发展的百MW级天然气冷热电联供分布式发电项目(DES/CCHP),绝大多数能够以16 h/d模式运行,肩负起提高能效、保障新区能源、开拓天然气下游市场、提高电力供应可靠性和调峰的四重使命;均可按"天然气冷热电联供调峰电站"审批,门槛是能效高于70%.10 MW及以下的小型DES/CCHP按自备电站审批.     

计及风光储的冷热电联供系统双层协同优化配置方法

冷热电联供(combined cooling, heat and power,CCHP)系统的高效、经济运行取决于CCHP系统设备容量和运行策略的整体优化。为提高CCHP系统的实用性,文章提出了一种计及风光储的CCHP系统双层协同优化配置方法:外层优化配置以年化总成本最优和污染物排放量最低为目标函数,采用NSGA Ⅱ算法获得设备的容量配置;内层优化配置中采用对偶理论构建鲁棒模型,以考虑污染物排放和购能成本的总运行成本最优为目标函数,得到各设备的优化调度结果。最后,以某园区的CCHP系统为研究对象,采用所提双层协同优化配置方法对该系统进行优化配置,仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性,能够兼顾经济性和环保性,有效实现系统的协同优化。     

Initiative Optimization Operation Strategy and Multi-objective Energy Management Method for Combined Cooling Heating and Power

This paper proposed an initiative optimization operation strategy and multi-objective energy management method for combined cooling heating and power (CCHP) with storage systems. Initially, the initiative optimization operation strategy of CCHP system in the cooling season, the heating season and the transition season was formulated. The energy management of CCHP system was optimized by the multi-objective optimization model with maximum daily energy efficiency, minimum daily carbon emissions and minimum daily operation cost based on the proposed initiative optimization operation strategy. Furthermore, the pareto optimal solution set was solved by using the niche particle swarm multi-objective optimization algorithm. Ultimately, the most satisfactory energy management scheme was obtained by using the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS) method. A case study of CCHP system used in a hospital in the north of China validated the effectiveness of this method. The results showed that the satisfactory energy management scheme of CCHP system was obtained based on this initiative optimization operation strategy and multi-objective energy management method. The CCHP system has achieved better energy efficiency, environmental protection and economic benefits.      

多能源微网参与电-气多能源市场的多主体主从博弈交易策略

针对多能源微网（MEMGs）具有丰富可调节资源的特点,基于区域电-气综合能源系统中配-微网络间不同层级的能源交互特性,提出一种MEMGs参与多能源市场的交易框架和多主体主从博弈的交易模型。通过MEMGs策略性参与区域能源市场交易,降低各主体购能成本,实现多个能源市场下多主体互动交易。将配电系统运营商和配气系统运营商视为领导者、各个多能源微网运营商（MEMGO）视为跟随者,以配电网节点边际电价和配气网节点边际气价作为各MEMGO的能源结算价格,构建考虑MEMGs参与电-气多能源市场的多主体主从博弈交易模型;在证明该模型存在Stackelberg均衡解的基础上,通过交替方向乘子法求解所提模型以保证各主体的信息私密性;通过REGESE13-G7和REGESE123-G20测试系统验证了所提多主体交易策略的可行性和有效性。     

考虑节点边际电价的配电网与多微电网双层鲁棒经济调度

可再生能源出力的不确定性给市场定价机制带来了挑战,实现市场参与者的利益均衡分配成为亟待解决的关键问题。提出一种计及风电出力不确定性的节点边际电价市场出清机制。建立配电网与多微电网协调优化调度的双层模型,上层模型为考虑风电出力及功率交互不确定性的配电网数据驱动鲁棒经济调度模型,下层模型为考虑电价型需求响应的微电网数据驱动鲁棒经济调度模型。通过配电网与微电网之间功率交互与电价信息的传递进行上、下层模型的迭代求解,实现不同市场参与者的利益均衡分配。测试系统的仿真结果验证了所提模型及求解方法的有效性。     

基于TRNSYS的气候变化下“冷-热-电”联供系统运行优化

气候变化导致的极端天气给建筑负荷和冷、热、电联供(combined cooling heating and power, CCHP)系统供能策略带来很大的影响,以上海市某医院为主要研究对象,采用PRECIS软件预测该地区2025至2100年的温度变化,利用TRNSYS软件搭建医院能耗模型计算气候变化影响下的全年逐时负荷,构建了考虑负荷变化影响的“冷-热-电”联供系统运行优化模型,最终生成适应气候变化的供能系统运行方案。负荷预测结果表明,极端高温现象导致建筑的冷、热负荷呈现波动变化趋势,可能造成供需失衡,即夏季高温制冷不足和冬天暖冬供暖过剩的问题。与传统优化模型相比,该模型生成的系统协同运行方案可以增强用户体验,实现降本增效。     

以天然气为燃料的冷热电联产系统

阐述了冷热电联产系统的发展及特点，通过分析我国能源的现状和以天然气为燃料的冷热电联产系统的特点，指出在我国发展燃用天然气的冷热电联产系统有着广阔的前景．     

基于改进遗传算法的工业园区综合能源系统能量管理方法

针对现有工业园区综合能源系统能量管理协调性和经济性较差的问题,文章提出了考虑供能可靠性的综合能源系统能量管理方法。首先,构建了综合能源系统的典型运营模式,建立了系统中主要元件的效能与经济模型;其次,考虑了设备的运行维护成本、园区与主网的能量交互成本,构建了以综合发电成本为目标函数,以冷/热/电负荷平衡、机组爬坡功率、供能可靠性为约束条件的综合能源系统经济调度模型;然后,针对能量管理时序问题改进了遗传算法的编码方式,提出了新的优化算法;最后,通过算例验证了文章所述方法的有效性和实用性。     

Thermodynamic performance study of a new SOFC–CCHP system with diesel reforming by CLHG to produce hydrogen as fuel

In this paper, a combined cooling, heating and power system based on diesel-fueled chemical looping hydrogen generation and solid oxide fuel cell, and with CO₂ capture was established. The system can achieve efficient power generation while separating CO₂ without energy consumption, and effectively avoid the carbon deposition problem. Aspen software is used to simulate the process of the system, and FORTRAN program is used to calculate, through the thermodynamic analysis model, the unique performance change law of the new system using diesel is obtained, and thermodynamic analysis is performed on the system at last. The results show that the power efficiency of the new system is 54.1%, while the exergy efficiency and fuel energy saving ratio can reach 53%. At the same time, the influence of fuel flow and fuel utilization factor on the system performance does not continue to increase or decrease, and the system performance parameters will have a peak value with the change of pressure. The results not only provide a theoretical basis for the future construction of new diesel-fueled energy supply system, but also provide a new idea for the optimization scheme of energy-saving system and carbon recovery.