基于H4结构逆变器在不同调制方式下的性能比较

针对传统双极性调制和单极性调制方式在效率、总谐波失真THD(total harmonic distortion)以及电磁干扰等方面的问题,提出上慢下快调制方式和半周期工频半周期高频调制方式2种新控制策略。上慢下快调制方式在较高电压和电流上升率的工况下,对于驱动电路以及主电路中的杂散电感、电容的电磁干扰影响,能够有效抑制。半周期工频半周期高频调制方式在调制波(正弦波)过零点处无SPWM突变,有效改善输出电压过零点振荡的问题。在Matlab/Simulink仿真平台验证了4种调制方式的可行性。最后通过实验研究,结合效率、THD这2个参数进行对比分析,比较4种调制方式的性能,通过实验数据得出所提控制策略较传统调制方式在效率、总谐波含量以及电磁干扰等方面均有改善,证明了所提控制策略的可行性与有效性。     

波箔气体轴承温度场计算与动静态性能分析

为计算波箔轴承的温度场分布,研究轴承的热特性,推导了考虑外部冷却条件时的平箔片内表面等效对流换热系数,将箔片一侧的导热换热模型耦合到气膜三维能量传递模型中.建立轴承套、转子的导热与对流换热模型,耦合求解非等温Reynolds方程、气膜能量传递方程、箔片变形方程.计算并分析轴承转速、载荷、外部冷却气流等因素对轴承温度的影响,分析了轴承的静动态性能.结果表明:转速对轴承温度影响很大,温度随载荷变化不大,冷却空气的冷却效率随流量增大逐渐降低.与等温条件相比,非等温模型的轴承承载能力较大,且具有较大的动态刚度与阻尼.     

一种低成本无滤波器D类音频放大器的实现

介绍了一种低成本应用于音频D类放大器,无需外接滤波器,放大器采用全差分电路,利用脉宽调制方法去除了输出滤波器,电路可以工作在2.5V～5V电源电压下,电路采用6V CSMC0.5μm DPTM工艺,利用MATLAB和Hspice工具仿真,放大器接8Ω的负载,电源电压为3.6V,在高保真音频范围内(20Hz～20kHz),转换效率可以达到88%,连续平均功率0.1W时,其THD+N小于0.06%。     

An application of PSO technique for harmonic elimination in a PWM inverter

Harmonic elimination problem in PWM inverter is treated as an optimization problem and solved using particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique. The derived equation for computation of total harmonic distortion (THD) of the output voltage of PWM inverter is used as the objective function in the PSO algorithm. The objective function is minimized to contribute the minimum THD in the voltage waveform and the corresponding switching angles are computed. The method is applied to investigate the switching patterns of both unipolar and bipolar case. While minimizing the objective function, the individual selected harmonics like 5th, 7th, 11th and 13th can be controlled within the allowable limits by incorporating the constraints in the PSO algorithm. The results of the unipolar case using five switching angles are compared with that of a recently reported work and it is observed that the proposed method is effective in reducing the voltage THD in a wide range of modulation index. The simulated results are also validated through suitable experiments.     

近地表电磁探测多频数字驱动信号产生技术

针对近地表频率域电磁探测对发射信号的要求,以单极性倍频正弦脉宽调制技术(Si-nusoidal pulse width modulation,SPWM)为基础,利用现场可编程门阵列(Field-programma-ble gate array,FPGA)作为硬件平台,构建了基于嵌入式NiosII软核的片上系统SOPC(Sys-tem-on-a-programmable-chip);采用硬件描述语言(Verilog)实现多频SPWM的数字算法,产生频率间隔小、谐波失真(THD)低的多频数字驱动信号,克服了伪随机法频率间隔固定、系统结构复杂、位流法过分依赖负载线圈、算法复杂的缺点。最后,通过理论仿真和试验验证了本文方法的优越性。     

一种新型单级PFC变换器的研究

提出了一种新型单级功率因数校正变换器的电路拓扑,分析了其工作原理。通过一台输出容量为600W的实验装置,研究了该电路拓扑的输入、输出性能指标。实验结果表明,应用该电路拓扑的实验装置,其功率因数较高,输入电流的总谐波畸变较低,输出电压纹波小,而且整个装置的效率也比较高。     

Realization of active power filter based on indirect current control algorithm using Xilinx system generator for harmonic elimination

Realization of active power filter with Model Based Design approach is presented in this paper. The approach adopts different modeling platforms as well as selection of proper hardware for step wise verification and testing. The active power filter model is developed using the Matlab/Simulink platform for single phase. The efficiency of the control algorithms such as synchronous detection method and indirect current control for active power filter is analyzed. Efficient control algorithm is developed by Xilinx system generator which is incorporated into Simulink as Xilinx tool box. Xilinx system generator provides a virtual platform for easy and effective design of the required system models in FPGA (field programmable gate array) design environments. Optimized automatic VHDL code is generated for the control algorithm which is simulated using ISE 13.2 for the generation of switching signals for the control of IGBTs of the active power filter. Suitable compensation signal is generated from the active power filter for the better elimination harmonics to improve the power quality. THD is reduced to a considered value which is able to satisfy the limits of the IEEE standard.     

Optimal DG Allocation in Radial Distribution Systems with High Penetration of Non-linear Loads

This paper addresses the optimal distributed generation sizing and siting for voltage profile improvement, power losses, and total harmonic distortion (THD) reduction in a distribution network with high penetration of non-linear loads. The proposed planning methodology takes into consideration the load profile, the frequency spectrum of non-linear loads, and the technical constraints such as voltage limits at different buses (slack and load buses) of the system, feeder capacity, THD limits, and maximum penetration limit of DG units. The optimization process is based on the Genetic Algorithm (GA) method with three scenarios of objective function: system power losses, THD, and multi-objective function-based power losses and THD. This method is executed on the IEEE 31-bus system under sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal (harmonics) operating conditions including load variations within the 24-hr period. The simulation results using Matlab environment show the robustness of this method in optimal sizing and siting of DG, efficiency for improvement of voltage profile, reduction of power losses, and THD. A comparison with particle swarm optimization (PSO) method shows that the proposed method is better than PSO in reducing the power losses and THD in all suggested scenarios.     

A new arrangement of Z‐source AC–AC converter and its closed‐loop control system

In this study, a Z‐source alternating current‐to‐alternating current (AC–AC) converter with a specific topology, which can provide both buck and boost modes, is investigated. This converter, which can be implemented easily, utilizes only two switches with complemented commands. A comparison between the Z‐source AC–AC converter and a conventional thyristor voltage controlled one is presented here, and it shows that in the most areas, the Z‐source converter provides a faster response and lower total harmonic distortion of the output currents than the conventional one. Moreover, the Z‐source converter is also extended to the multiphase systems. In addition, a new arrangement of this converter is proposed here to remove the isolated single‐phase sources. Furthermore, an open‐loop method is proposed for soft‐starting applications. Finally, a closed‐loop control system is also suggested for a three‐phase Z‐source converter to soft start and control the speed of an induction motor. Computer simulations show the validity and effectiveness of the proposed schemes. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种新型单级PFC拓扑及控制方式研究

提出了一种基于桥式逆变电路的新型单级功率因数校正变换器的电路拓扑。详细分析了其工作原理及控制方式;研究了该电路拓扑的输入、输出性能指标及其与控制参数之间的关系。通过对实验样机的设计和仿真分析表明,运用该电路拓扑的实验装置,其功率因数较高,输入电流的总谐波畸变较低,输出电压纹波小。