Distributed ledger technology in supply chains: a transaction cost perspective

With the emergence of distributed ledger technology (DLT), numerous practitioners and researchers have proclaimed its beneficial impact on supply chain transactions in the future. However, the vast majority of DLT initiatives are discontinued after a short period. With the full potential of DLT laying far down the road, especially managers in supply chain management (SCM) seek for short-term cost-saving effects of DLT in order to achieve long-term benefits of DLT in the future. However, the extant research has bypassed grounding long-term as well as short-term effects of DLT on supply chain transaction with empirical data. We address this shortcoming, following an abductive research approach and combining empirical data from a multiple case study design with the corresponding literature. Our study reveals that the effects of DLT on supply chain transactions are two-sided. We found six effects of DLT solutions that have a cost-reducing or cost avoidance impact on supply chain transactions. In addition, we found two effects that change the power distribution between buyers and suppliers in transactions and a single effect that reduces the dependency of supply chain transactions on third parties. While cost-reducing and avoidance as well as dependency-reducing effects are positive effects, the change in power distribution might come with disadvantages. With these findings, the paper provides the first empirical evidence of the impact of DLT on supply chain transactions, which will enable managers to improve their assessment of DLT usage in supply chains.     

Object-oriented DBMS requirements

The requirements on an object-oriented DBMS for management of information in a large, complex enterprise are presented. These requirements aid in the achievement of an environment characterized by data sharing, open architectures, application and data portability, and assurance of data integrity. They were defined from the point of view of a user of the DBMS; therefore they describe the expected functionality of the DBMS and do not specify the method of implementation to achieve this functionality. They encompass requirements on the data model, query and data manipulation languages, the system architecure, interfaces to the system, change management, and transaction management.     

基于曙光1000A的并行查询核心系统的设计与实现

根据曙光１０００Ａ的特点，提出了查询核心系统的设计方案；经过分析比较，选定了数据划分方法，确定了ＳＱＬ子集。在此基础上，研究了物理库设计、并行事务管理、查询优化器的设计和事务的调度方法，旨在为在曙光１０００Ａ上建造并行数据库系统奠定基础。     

论计算机通信网络的开放性

本文从开放性原理出发，描述了计算机通信网络系统开放性体系的思想及其实现技术。     

西北电网水电参与市场化运营若干问题的研究

随着我国市场化的推进，水电正酝酿逐步参与到电力市场化运营中去。水电参与电力市场竞争，有利于市场的有效性，可以在更大范围内利用市场机制优化资源配置，健全电价机制，优化水能源的利用，更好地为经济社会的协调发展服务。在详细分析西北电网水电参与市场化运营问题的基础上，针对水电的特有规律，提出了相应的建议。     

传媒产品生产的外在性

因为价格机制不能正常运行和不能正常发挥作用,或者因为社会经济活动的相关性,传媒产品的生产出现外在性现象,社会成本问题不可避免.选择合适的产权制度安排,不仅能够消除传媒产品生产的外在性,而且有利于传媒资源的有效利用和传媒经济的不断发展.     

期货市场促进“铜冠”牌阴极铜创国际品牌

文章介绍了期货交易所由于其特殊的机制,而对其注册上市产品的质量提高有显著的促进作用,同时介绍了“铜冠”牌阴极铜在LME注册成功,取得进入国际市场通行证中的一些情况。     

An Object-Oriented Transaction Model

In object-oriented database systems(OOBSs),the traditional transaction models are no longer suitable because of the difference between the object-oriented data model(OODM)and the conventional data models(e.g.relational data model).In this paper,transction models for advanced database applications are reviewed and their shortcomings are analyzed.Exchangeability of operations is proposed instead of commuativity and recoverability for using more semantics in transaction management.As a result,an object-oriented transaction model(in short,OOTM)is presented.It is not modeled for some special application,but directly based on object-oriented paradigms.A transaction is regarded as an interpretation of a metho.Each transaction(even subtransactions)keeps relative ACID(Atomicity,Consistency,Isolation,Durability)properties,therefore the special problems appearing in OOBSs such as“long transactions”,“visibility of inconsistent database state”can be solved.     

结构化P2P网络中基于流言传播的负载均衡

提出了结构化P2P网络中利用结点间周期性的拓扑维护通信来夹带、传播消息进行负载均衡的方法，具体针对Chord系统从消息传播的速度和规模两个方面分析了该方法的性能，并利用仿真进行了验证。讨论了结论在其它形式网络中的推广和实现中的消息管理问题。     

基于维间扩展和事务压缩的关联规则算法改进

Apriori是关联规则挖掘的经典算法,在利用该算法进行医疗数据挖掘的过程中,发现其频繁项集产生过程有一些不必要的开销,为此提出了改进算法Mypriori,利用维间扩展和事务压缩策略来提高频集发现的效率,并通过实验验证了算法的有效性.