Characterization of soil-fertilizer P reaction products and their evaluation as sources of P for gram (Cicer arietinum L.)

Laboratory studies on the characterization of soil-fertilizer P reaction products were carried out by reacting three-soils occurring in a toposequence in the plateau region of Bihar (India) with saturated solutions of diammonium orthophosphate (DAP), triple superphosphate (TSP) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) for 1 hour and 24 hours. The reaction products (precipitates) formed in the solutions after 120 days of incubation were isolated and identified through X-ray diffraction technique.Results indicate the formation of Brushite [CaHPO₄ · 2H₂O, Strengite (FePO₄ · 2H₂O), Variscite (AIPO₄ · 2H₂O) and Fe₄(P₂O₇)₃ as major soil-fertilizer P reaction products in these soils with ortho-and polyphosphates as source of phosphorus.Pot cultures were used to evaluate the relative efficiency of reaction products (Struvite, Brushite, Variscite and Strengite), orthophosphates (DAP and SSP) and polyphosphate (APP) as sources of P for gram (Cicer arietinum L.) in a typical acid soil. Results indicate significant response of gram to different sources and level of added P. The dry weight and P uptake at 0, 6 and 12 mg P kg^-1 soil were 0.406, 0.519 and 0.609 (g pot^-1); and 0.289, 0.428 and 0.575 (mg P pot^-1), respectively. Among the sources , struvite proved to be superior or equally effective as APP, DAP or SSP as sources of P for gram. Uptake of P also varied significantly with different P sources and levels of P application. Strengite was least effective in enhancing yield and P uptake by the crop.     

强化生物除磷系统胞内聚合物测定方法优化

为优化强化生物除磷系统胞内PHA、糖原以及多聚磷酸盐颗粒的测定方法,采用色谱与化学分析相结合的方法进行研究.其中,PHA的测定采用气相色谱法,糖原的测定采用稀盐酸消解加葡萄糖试剂盒法,多聚磷酸盐采用过硫酸钾氧化和钼锑抗光度法,经过方法优化得出4%酸化甲醇消解20h是提高PHA回收量的最佳条件;糖原在0.6mol/LHCl条件下消解5h提取量最大,临床中的葡萄糖氧化酶法试剂盒可以应用到本实验中;在120℃下氧化30min条件下多聚磷酸盐颗粒可以最大回收.经过加标回收实验等对这3个方法进行精密度、准确度分析,结果显示,在这3个条件下的3种方法都具有很高的精密度或准确度,而且简单易行,适合实验室及生产实践中的应用.     

反硝化聚磷菌菌剂种子液制备条件及除磷机理

为获取高效反硝化聚磷菌(DNPAOs)菌剂种子液以控制水体富营养化,从安徽省天长市污水处理厂氧化沟活性污泥中分离得到1株具有高效脱氮除磷功能的恶臭假单胞菌B8(Pseudomonas putida sp.)。利用多聚磷酸盐颗粒(Poly-P)染色得到具有高Poly-P含量的B8菌剂种子液。其适宜的培养条件为:pH6.5~7.0,温度30~32℃,溶解氧相当于70%~88%饱和溶解氧(摇床转速120~140r/min),培养时间15~20h。所得的反硝化聚磷菌种子液B8具有良好的同步反硝化除磷效果,对于污水厌氧/缺氧(A/A)处理,其聚磷率、硝酸盐氮去除率分别达到89.73%和53.48%,而经厌氧/好氧(A/O)处理磷去除率最高可达94.09%。通过B8胞外聚合物(EPS)提取与磷去除实验表明其对磷酸盐去除源于B8胞内的吸收,而非胞外的生物吸附。     

厌氧快速吸收有机物的两种能量来源研究

从理论上总结了厌氧快速吸收有机物可能存在两种能量来源，通过实验室考察葡萄糖和醋酸钠两种配水的厌氧快速吸收ＣＯＤ去除情况，厌氧释磷量及内糖变化规律，证明细胞内糖可以作为厌氧快速吸收有机物的能量来源。