Fe(III) grafted MoO3 nanorods for effective electrocatalytic fixation of atmospheric N2 to NH3

Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (ENRR) offers a carbon-neutral process to fix nitrogen into ammonia, but its feasibility depends on the development of highly efficient electrocatalysts. Herein, we report that Fe ion grafted on MoO₃ nanorods synthesized by an impregnation technique can efficiently enhance the electron harvesting ability and the selectivity of H⁺ during the NRR process in neutral electrolyte. In 0.1 M Na₂SO₄ solution, the electrocatalyst exhibited a remarkable NRR activity with an NH₃ yield of 9.66 μg h^?1 mg^?1_cat and a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 13.1%, far outperforming the ungrafted MnO₃. Density functional theory calculations revealed that the Fe sites are major activation centers along the alternating pathway.     

总变差模型在书画打印宣纸印刷质量预测中的应用

为了建立适用于书画打印宣纸印刷质量的预测模型,本研究测量了14种书画打印宣纸的粗糙度、白度、不透明度、定量、光泽度和针对宣纸特别设定的帘纹深浅以及帘纹疏密度等表面物理参量,并在相同条件下,使用喷墨打印设备输出并测量印品色度值,利用总变差模型构建去除帘纹色差的测定方法,得到与人眼视觉特征相符的色差。运用GRNN广义回归神经网络结合书画打印宣纸表面物理参量与宣纸去帘纹后的色差值,建立预测模型。结果表明,该模型能够在仅测量书画打印宣纸表面物理参量的情况下,便能较为准确地预测书画打印宣纸印刷质量,为书画打印宣纸印刷前的选纸工作提供指导依据。     

{X,Y}-Cyclacene Graphs with Next Nearest Neighbor Interactions

Eigensolutions of {X( = C,B,N),Y( = C,B,N)}-cyclacene graphs with next nearest neighbor (nnn) interactions have been obtained in analytical forms by adapting n-fold rotational symmetry followed by two-fold rotational symmetry (or a plane of symmetry). Expressions of eigensolution indicate the subspectral relationship among such cyclacenes with an even number of hexagonal rings e.g., eigenvalues of {X,Y}-di-cyclacene are found in the eigenspectra of all such even cyclacenes. Total π-electron energies and highest occupied molecular orbital and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO–LUMO) gaps are calculated using the analytical expressions obtained and are found to vary negligibly with the variation of nnn interactions in such cyclacenes. Total π-electron energy is found to increase due to increase in restriction intensity of nnn interactions, whereas the HOMO–LUMO gap of polyacenecs having the even number of hexagonal rings and with one electron at each site (atom) decreases with increase in the restriction intensity since such systems contain degenerate half-filled HOMO (bonding or nonbonding) that are much more vulnerable for perturbations imposed through nnn interactions.     

碳脱氧在钢包顶渣改质中的应用

 为了进一步降低夹杂物缺陷并提高产品质量,基于碳脱氧进行了钢包顶渣改质的研究。冷轧产品的生产工艺为铁水预处理→转炉→RH精炼→连铸,为减少钢中夹杂物质量分数,需要进行钢包顶渣改质,同时降低钢包顶渣TFe质量分数。采用粒碳部分替代铝渣球的方法进行基于碳脱氧工艺的钢包顶渣改质,试验结果表明,顶渣改质效果良好,在顶渣TFe质量分数、中间包钢水游离氧明显降低的同时铸坯中Al₂O₃夹杂物得到优化;“30 kg粒渣+铝渣球”工艺降低生产成本5.16元/t(钢)。     

田赛距离测量中全站仪的设计与实现

本文提出了将智能全站仪这种精密测量仪器广泛应用于田赛项目测量中，并结合其他科技元素用于解决田赛项目中跳远、投掷等项目的测量及数据管理问题，实现实时、自动、准确地裁定和报告比赛成绩。     

Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species in Defense/Stress Responses Activated by Chitosan in Sycamore Cultured Cells

Chitosan (CHT) is a non-toxic and inexpensive compound obtained by deacetylation of chitin, the main component of the exoskeleton of arthropods as well as of the cell walls of many fungi. In agriculture CHT is used to control numerous diseases on various horticultural commodities but, although different mechanisms have been proposed, the exact mode of action of CHT is still unknown. In sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) cultured cells, CHT induces a set of defense/stress responses that includes production of H₂O₂ and nitric oxide (NO). We investigated the possible signaling role of these reactive molecules in some CHT-induced responses by means of inhibitors of production and/or scavengers. The results show that both reactive nitrogen and oxygen species are not only a mere symptom of stress conditions but are involved in the responses induced by CHT in sycamore cells. In particular, NO appears to be involved in a cell death form induced by CHT that shows apoptotic features like DNA fragmentation, increase in caspase-3-like activity and release of cytochrome c from the mitochondrion. On the contrary, reactive oxygen species (ROS) appear involved in a cell death form induced by CHT that does not show these apoptotic features but presents increase in lipid peroxidation.     

Quantum Sensing in a Physiological‐Like Cell Niche Using Fluorescent Nanodiamonds Embedded in Electrospun Polymer Nanofibers

Fluorescent nanodiamonds (fNDs) containing nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers are promising candidates for quantum sensing in biological environments. This work describes the fabrication and implementation of electrospun poly lactic‐co‐glycolic acid (PLGA) nanofibers embedded with fNDs for optical quantum sensing in an environment, which recapitulates the nanoscale architecture and topography of the cell niche. A protocol that produces uniformly dispersed fNDs within electrospun nanofibers is demonstrated and the resulting fibers are characterized using fluorescent microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) and longitudinal spin relaxometry results for fNDs and embedded fNDs are compared. A new approach for fast detection of time varying magnetic fields external to the fND embedded nanofibers is demonstrated. ODMR spectra are successfully acquired from a culture of live differentiated neural stem cells functioning as a connected neural network grown on fND embedded nanofibers. This work advances the current state of the art in quantum sensing by providing a versatile sensing platform that can be tailored to produce physiological‐like cell niches to replicate biologically relevant growth environments and fast measurement protocols for the detection of co‐ordinated endogenous signals from clinically relevant populations of electrically active neuronal circuits.     

Zinc doped Fe2O3 for boosting Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation to ammonia under mild conditions

Artificial nitrogen fixation is emerging as a promising approach for synthesis of ammonia at mild conditions. Inspired by biological nitrogen fixation based on bacteria containing iron, zinc doped Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles are proposed as an efficient and earth abundant electrocatalyst for converting N₂ to NH₃. In neutral media, it achieves a maximum Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 10.4% and a large NH₃ yield rate of 15.1 μg h^?1 mg^?1_cat. at ?0.5 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode. This catalyst also exhibits excellent selectivity and stability. Theoretical calculations suggest the reaction follows the associative enzymatic mechanism and it has a barrier of as low as 0.68 eV.     

循环伏安法在润滑油检测中的应用

介绍了循环伏安法的产生背景、原理。应用该技术可以快速、方便地对润滑油中抗氧剂、总酸（碱）值进行测定，并且可以对不同厂家润滑油的抗氧剂包进行区别。该技术还可以有效地评价润滑油的使用寿命和设备工作状况。     

含氮化合物对NiW体系催化剂芳烃加氢性能的影响

以γ-Al2O3、B改性的γ-Al2O3、F改性的γ-Al2O3、SiO2-Al2O3为载体制备Ni、W含量相同的四种催化剂，通过程序升温还原表征考察活性金属与不同载体的相互作用。利用氮含量不同、四氢萘含量相同的四种原料考察含氮化合物对同种NiW体系催化剂四氢萘加氢的影响以及对活性金属与载体相互作用不同的催化剂四氢萘加氢的影响。结果表明，以γ-Al2O3或SiO2-Al2O3载体制备的催化剂的金属组分与载体相互作用较强，B或F改性的γ-Al2O3能显著削弱活性金属与载体的相互作用；含氮化合物对四氢萘加氢具有强烈的抑制作用，使四氢萘加氢反应的表观活化能增加；在实验研究的四种催化剂中，金属组分与载体相互作用较弱的催化剂受含氮化合物的抑制较强。