Comparison and analysis of energy consumption of energy-efficient office buildings in different climate regions in China: case studies

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the energy consumption (EC) and find out the determining factors of energy-efficient office building cases according to specific case studies in typical cities of different climate zones in China. The investigated building cases were located in four cities (Beijing, Ningbo, Nanjing and Shenzhen) of three architecture thermotechnical design zones (cold zone, hot summer and cold winter zone, hot summer and warm winter zone). The analysis indicates that the energy consumption index (ECI) of these four cases ranges from 41.06 to 74.23 kW·h/(m²·a). Besides, the outdoor climate can change the EC of air conditioning/heating systems, and further determine the monthly volatility of the total EC of the whole building.     

外部调用接口在CICS／400中的应用

主要阐明了客户信息控制系统和外部调用接口的基本概念及其应用环境，介绍了在外部调用接口中几个重要参数的使用方法，另外具体探讨了CICS／400客户端编程的方法，并以一应用实例论述了外部调用接口在CICS／400客户端编程的应用。     

锡须生长机理的研究进展

介绍了电子集成电路封装行业中常见的锡须的形状及长度。对锡须的生长机理——压应力（产生于机械操作和扩散）模型进行了总结。通过对影响锡须的生长因素的研究进展进行综述,得出如下结论：金属间化合物的形成及其与基体的相互作用促进了锡须的生长;由于在平滑的锡晶粒结构中更容易发生扩散,故增加了锡须的生长几率;镀锡层的厚度越小,形成锡须的可能性越大;在重结晶温度下,锡须更容易发生等。     

ECI网管安全与稳定性的改进

对于通信公司（比如中国电信）来说,通信网络的安全稳定无疑是最重要的一件事情,没有了安全与稳定,其他一切都是空谈。本着从维护通信系统的安全稳定出发,针对湖南电信ECI网管的数据安全,从操作系统的恢复和网管中通信设备的电路数据库的备份2个方面进行阐述,重点讨论了如何实现网管数据的全自动备份,并将代码编写成脚本。     

ECI网管安全与稳定性的改进

对于通信公司(比如中国电信)来说,通信网络的安全稳定无疑是最重要的一件事情,没有了安全与稳定,其他一切都是空谈.本着从维护通信系统的安全稳定出发,针对湖南电信ECI网管的数据安全,从操作系统的恢复和网管中通信设备的电路数据库的备份2个方面进行阐述,重点讨论了如何实现网管数据的全自动备份,并将代码编写成脚本.     

5G边缘计算商用部署和运维关键技术

由于部署地点和应用场景的差异,边缘计算系统存在一体化和云化两种部署模式,导致系统架构、关键技术要求以及运维方式也各不相同.首先分析了两种模式下的应用场景、特征及对系统的需求,其次,从硬件、云化基础设施平台、边缘PaaS平台、安全以及运维等方面对两种模式做了深入分析,最后在上述分析基础上,从商用角度明确了边缘计算在两种部...     

A new bioassay for testing plant extracts and pure compounds using red flour beetleTribolium castaneum Herbst

We designed a new bioassay to test plant extract activity against stored product pests. Plant compounds were added to feed disks composed of wheat flour and yeast and fed to the red flour bettle (Tribolium castaneum). By measuring insect mass, disk mass, and insect mortality over time it was possible to calculate a phagodepression index, an antifeedant index, the amount of treatment chemical ingested by the beetles, the mortality rate, and the efficiency of conversion of ingested food. The assay was performed for 60 hr to allow for possible habituation effects and to discriminate between phagodeterrency and physiological stress caused by treatments. - and -Pinene, eugenol, kaurenic acid, sparteine, essential oils ofMinthostachis mollis andMelaleuca quinquenervia, and extracts ofSapindus saponaria were tested. Using this assay we detected the presence of both phagodepressant and phagostimulant compounds inS. saponaria extracts, and we quantified the pronounced effects of sparteine onT. castaneum.     

Ecological Water Requirement (EWR) Analysis of High Mountain and Steep Gorge (HMSG) River—Application to Upper Lancang–Mekong River

As “corridor” in the south–north and “barrier” in the west–east direction, Lancang River, the upstream of Lancang–Mekong River, has an obvious spatial–temporal characteristic and unique regional attributes. Recently, the hydropower development of the mainstream along Lancang River has disturbed the regional ecosystem to have unstable factors, and threatened the ecosystem health. This paper used the couple model of Grading Coefficient of ecological water requirement (GCEWR) and the ecological runoff (ER) to simulate the ecological water requirement (EWR) of Lancang River, in a broad sense, this method belongs to hydrology–ecology methodology. In the GCEWR–ER, We adopted ecological characteristic indexes (ECI) and hydrological characteristic variables (e.g. variance index) to calculate the GCEWR, and used three methods to calculate the basic variable (e.g. ER) of EWR: the first method directly used annual average runoff as ER; the second method was used frequency method and took year as basic time unit, and the third method took season (e.g. flood season, non-flood season) as the basic time unit to evaluate ER. Finally, in order to demonstrate applicability of this developed methodology, this paper adopted GCEWR–ER method to calculate the EWR of Lancang River in the Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region. By the systematic analysis of the results, we could get the minimum, satisfying and optimal EWR for the Lancang River, which were 142.53 × 10⁸, 286.46 × 10⁸ and 385.96 × 10⁸ m³. The three EWR respectively occupied 25.10%, 50.46% and 67.98% of the average measured run-off (567.75 × 10⁸ m³) of the Lancang River, and respectively occupied 18.63%, 37.45% and 50.45% of the natural run-off (765 × 10⁸ m³) of the Lancang River.     

基于信息熵的电力通信网脆弱性评价方法

电力通信网是智能电网的重要支撑网络,针对如何对其脆弱性进行综合、有效评价的问题,该文提出一种基于信息熵的电力通信网脆弱性跨层综合评价方法。首先给出了一种业务重要度计算方法,并将业务重要度作为网络参数,在业务层建立网络模型,定义边业务重要度(EBI)作为边在业务层的重要性指标;然后综合考虑网络的业务层、传输层和物理层,定义了边跨层重要度(ECI),进而将边跨层重要度的全网信息熵-边跨层信息熵(ECE)作为电力通信网脆弱性的评价指标;最后,以某实际电力通信网络为仿真背景,在不同路由策略下,通过对比网络脆弱性曲线和信息熵值的变化,证明了该方法对电力通信网脆弱性评价的有效性。该方法不仅限于电力通信网,还可推广至其它非一致性业务的承载网络。