Fabrication of Cu/graphite film/Cu sandwich composites with ultrahigh thermal conductivity for thermal management applications

Effective thermal management of electronic integrated devices with high powder density has become a serious issue, which requires materials with high thermal conductivity (TC). In order to solve the problem of weak bonding between graphite and Cu, a novel Cu/graphite film/Cu sandwich composite (Cu/GF/Cu composite) with ultrahigh TC was fabricated by electro-deposition. The micro-riveting structure was introduced to enhance the bonding strength between graphite film and deposited Cu layers by preparing a rectangular array of micro-holes on the graphite film before electro-deposition. TC and mechanical properties of the composites with different graphite volume fractions and current densities were investigated. The results showed that the TC enhancement generated by the micro-riveting structure for Cu/GF/Cu composites at low graphite content was more effective than that at high graphite content, and the strong texture orientation of deposited Cu resulted in high TC. Under the optimizing preparing condition, the highest in-plane TC reached 824.3 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹, while the ultimate tensile strength of this composite was about four times higher than that of the graphite film.     

电沉积Co-Mo合金薄膜的结构和热稳定性

通过电沉积,在铜基体上制备了Co-Mo合金薄膜.讨论了薄膜组成与结构以及非晶合金的晶体结构与热处理温度的关系.测定了薄膜磁性能(饱和磁化强度和矫顽力)随热处理温度变化的关系曲线.结果表明,薄膜中钼含量(质量分数)为6.05%～30.03%时,镀态Co-Mo合金薄膜具有非晶态结构;经连续升温到400℃并热处理1.5 h后,Co-Mo非晶态合金发生晶化,且随着薄膜中钼含量的增加,薄膜的晶化温度提高,热稳定性增强;在较高温度(高于500 ℃)下热处理后,Co-Mo非晶态合金晶化,并析出单一的hcp-Co相;热处理后,Co-Mo合金薄膜的软磁性变差.     

Sodium molybdate—a possible alternate additive for sodium dichromate in the electrolytic production of sodium chlorate

Sodium dichromate is commonly used in sodium chlorate production to maintain high current efficiency; however, it is also a well documented carcinogen. To reduce the environmental impact, identification of a suitable alternative with similar buffering characteristics to dichromate and without adverse effect on the electrolytic performance of sodium chlorate production is important; sodium molybdate is a good candidate. Molybdate ion and its conjugated acid work as a buffer pair at pH 5–6, a lower and slightly narrower pH window than the typical buffer region of dichromate. Nonetheless, the molybdate buffer works effectively during the electrolytic process by maintaining pH at 5.9. Although the use of molybdate buffer will lower the overpotential of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) by 100 mV, the average off-gas oxygen content is noticeably compromised at 3.6–4.6%, measured using a pilot cell operated at 3 kA m⁻²and 80 °C during a 3-day trial. The resulting current efficiency of 91 92% is significantly lower than when dichromate is employed as the process additive (> 96%). Mixtures of different dichromate and molybdate ratio were also investigated in terms of the resulting cathode surface potential.     

电化学沉积法制备稀土掺杂氧化钇荧光薄膜的发光性能

通过改变氧化钇薄膜中掺杂稀土元素的种类,来控制发光薄膜的荧光发射波长.利用电化学沉积法制备稀土掺杂氧化钇荧光薄膜.电化学沉积法制备的薄膜结晶效果好,掺杂离子分布较均匀,且不需要高温高压或者真空条件,成本很低.所制备的Y2O3:Ln荧光发光薄膜经XRD分析具有立方晶体结构;不同稀土掺杂的氧化钇呈现出不同的表面形貌;掺杂的Ln离子均匀地分布在薄膜中,经测试所有的Y2O3:Ln荧光发光薄膜都显示出较强的发射强度,且发光波长随着掺杂离子的不同而不同:Y2O3:Er3+发绿光,Y2O3:Ce3+发黄绿光,Y2 O3:Sm3+发蓝光,Y2O3:Pr3+发橙光.因此,电化学沉积法可用于制备具有不同发光波长的氧化钇荧光薄膜.     

Electrocatalytic properties of Ni-S-Co coating electrode for hydrogen evolution in alkaline medium

Amorphous Ni-S-Co alloy was prepared by means of chemical electro-deposition method on the foam nickel matrix. The surface morphology and microstructure of Ni-S-Co coatings were studied usmg SEM and XRD, and the electrochemical properties were tested by electrochemical methods. The results show that the coating has amorphous structure and the particles of the surface are fine with large specific surface area. The Ni-S-Co alloy is more active with lower potential for hydrogen evolution, higher exchange current density and lower activation energy compared with Ni and Ni-S electrode. Its hydrogen evolution reaction（HER） is enhanced, the size of particles of surface decreases and the surface area increases after being activated by KOH alkaline solution.     

复合电沉积机理现状及对纳米复合电刷镀机理研究的启示

介绍了复合电沉积机理及纳米复合电刷镀机理研究的概况，评述了Guglielmi等6种复合电沉积机理模型的主要内容和适用范围。在此基础上借鉴这些成果，对其在纳米复合电刷镀机理研究中的可能应用进行了探讨。     

电沉积法制备DSSCs的CNTs对电极

以碳纳米管(CNTs)为原料,采用电沉积方法制备了染料敏化太阳能电池的对电极。研究了电沉积过程中外加电压、水浴温度、沉积时间对CNTs对电极及其组装电池性能的影响。用扫描电子显微镜对CNTs薄膜的表面形貌进行表征,通过电池的短路电流密度、开路电压、填充因子和光电转换效率等指标来表征CNTs对电极组装电池的性能。结果表明,当外加电压为20V、电沉积时间为10min、水浴温度为65℃时,CNTs对电极组装的电池光电转换性能最佳,为3.77%。     

珍珠镀镍的电镀工艺参数优化

通过正交试验确定了珍珠镀镍的最佳工艺条件,制备出了效果优良的珍珠镍镀层,提高了镀层的珠光外观和耐腐蚀性．通过金相显微镜照片和电化学技术表征（交流阻抗技术和Tafel曲线测试）对单层珍珠镀镍、单层光亮镀镍和双层珍珠镀镍（光亮镍上施镀珍珠镍）的性能进行了对比．结果表明：双层珍珠镀镍更加均匀致密;单层珍珠镍的耐腐蚀性优于双层珍珠镀镍;双层珍珠镀镍的耐腐蚀性优于单层光亮镀镍．     

脉冲激光热力冲击效应对电沉积的作用

脉冲激光电化学复合沉积利用激光的热力冲击效应可以有效提高沉积效率,改善加工质量。在所构建的纳秒脉冲激光电化学沉积加工系统中,利用激光辐照和电化学沉积的方法对铜进行了复合沉积试验。分析了激光的热力冲击效应对电沉积的作用机理,激光产生的力效应使阴极基片发生弹性变形,改变了电极电势和电流密度,提高了电沉积质量。通过加工试验,研究了激光平均功率密度对沉积质量和沉积效率的影响,并进行了讨论。试验结果表明,激光平均功率密度介于100~400 kW/cm2时可以获得较好的沉积层质量。激光平均功率密度在200 kW/cm2左右,沉积速率取得最大值。     

户外高压隔离开关用银石墨复合镀层的耐蚀性和抗硫性能

使用电沉积法在纯铜基体上制备了银镀层与银石墨复合镀层,采用中性盐雾(240h)和抗硫化物变色试验(0.5h)研究了银镀层与复合镀层的耐蚀性及抗硫性能。研究表明:复合镀层表面未出现腐蚀点与腐蚀坑,按GB/T6461-2002,其耐蚀性达到中性盐雾试验10级标准;复合镀层在1mol/L H2SO4溶液中的耐蚀性与银镀层相比略有降低;抗硫试验前后,复合镀层中的银均无明显的色泽变化,其抗硫性能优于某国产触头镀层与Siemens触头镀层的。