A dotted nanowire arrayed by 5 nm sized palladium and nickel composite nanopaticles showing significant electrocatalytic activity towards ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR)

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to report the preparation of a dotted nanowire arrayed by 5 nm sized palladium and nickel composite nanoparticles (denoted as Pd_xNi_y NPs) via a hydrothermal method using NU and PdO·H₂O as the starting materials. The samples prepared at the mass ratio of NU to PdO·H₂O 1:1, 1:2 and 2:1 were, respectively, nominated as catalyst c₁, c₂ and c₃. The chemical compositions of all synthesized catalysts were mainly studied by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), revealing that metallic Ni was one main component of all prepared catalysts. Surprisingly, the main diffraction peaks appearing in the XRD patterns of all prepared catalysts were assigned to the metallic Ni rather than the metallic Pd. Very interestingly, as indicated by the TEM images, a large number of dotted nanowires arrayed by numerous equidistant 5 nm sized nanoparticles were distinctly exhibited in catalyst c₁. More importantly, when being used as electrocatalysts for EOR, all prepared catalysts exhibited an evident electrocatalytic activity towards EOR. In the cyclic voltammetry (CV) test, the peak current density of the forward peak of EOR on catalyst c₁ measured at 50 mV s^?1 was as high as 56.1 mA cm^?2, being almost 9 times higher than that of EOR on catalyst c₃ (6.3 mA cm^?2). Particularly, the polarized current density of EOR on catalyst c₁ at 3600 s, as indicated by the chronoamperometry (CA) experiment, was still maintained to be around 1.47 mA cm^?2, a value higher than the latest reported data of 1.3 mA cm^?2 (measured on the pure Pd/C electrode). Presenting a novel method to prepare dotted nanowires arranged by 5 nm sized nanoparticles and showing the significant eletrocatalytic activities of the newly prepared dotted nanowires towards EOR were the major contributions of this preliminary work.     

一维ZnO纳米结构的电子场发射研究

在大量制备一维ZnO纳米结构的基础上,研究了这些纳米结构的场发射性能。对于四角状ZnO纳米结构,获得1.0m Ac/m2的电流密度只需要4.5V/μm的电场;对于线状Z nO纳米结构,获得1.0mAc/m 2的电流密度需要6.5V/μm的电场。由于其特殊的结构,四角状ZnO一维纳米结构在真空电子器件方面有很好的应用前景。     

Al/SiO_2/Si表面Al_2O_3纳米图形的AFM阳极氧化制备方法

采用AFM阳极氧化方法,在控制AFM探针尖端电压和扫描方式的条件下,在Al/SiO2/Si表面制备了Al2O3纳米图形,图形最小尺寸为70nm.研究了表面吸附水层存在下AFM阳极氧化机理.实验结果表明AFM阳极氧化是制备金属氧化物半导体纳米器件的较好方法     

Novel one-step formed composite reinforcement of "Spider web like" SiCnw networks and "Z-pins like" SiC rods for ablation resistance improvement of C/C-ZrC-SiC

A novel composite reinforcement with horizontal multilayer "Spider web like" SiC nanowire networks and vertical interconnected "Z-pins like" SiC rods was designed and prepared by facile one-step figuration. The linear ablation rate of "Spider web like" SiC nanowire networks and "Z-pins like" SiC rods collectively reinforced C/C-ZrC-SiC composites at 2610 ± 20 ℃ was 0.4 ± 0.03 μm/s with a 74.19 % reduction. The improved ablation resistance was attributed to a denser gradient oxide layer composed of central ZrO₂ layer, transitional ZrO₂-SiO₂ layer and marginal SiO₂ layer generated under the initial sticky net effect from SiCnw networks and subsequent oxide compensation from "Z-pins like" SiC rods.     

Microstructure and ablation performance of HfC/PyC core-shell structure nanowire-reinforced Hf1-xZrxC coating

To improve the ablation performance of C/C composites, HfC/PyC core-shell structure nanowire (HfCnw/PyC)-reinforced Hf_1-xZr_xC coating was prepared via three-step chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. Effects of HfCnw/PyC and PyC layer thickness on the microstructure, residual stress and ablation performance of Hf_1-xZr_xC coating were studied. HfCnw/PyC-reinforced coatings exhibited equiaxial crystal structure. After incorporating HfCnw/PyC, ablation property of Hf_1-xZr_xC coating was enhanced because of the skeleton role of HfO₂ nanowires. PyC possessed low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and high heat conductivity, but poor ablation performance. Hence, with the increase in thickness of PyC layer, ablation property of the coating first increased and then decreased. HfCnw/PyC-reinforced Hf_1-xZr_xC coating with PyC layer thickness of about 50 nm exhibited the best ablation property.     

金属纳米丝力学行为研究进展

纳米尺度下结构力学行为因为表面效应和尺寸效应而与宏观尺度下结构力学行为有着本质的不同，分子动力学方法因其能通过原子运动理解结构变形细节而在纳米结构力学行为模型中得到广泛应用，本文综述了近期在纳米丝结构力学研究方面的进展，包括自由弛豫态，应力应变关系，表面效应和尺寸效应，应变率效应等。     

纳米金丝电导量子效应

综述了纳米金丝电导量子效应的基本概念，介绍了金丝电导研究背景及现状，并从理论上分析了电导量子效应的机理。介绍了用STM和MCBJ等工具对纳米金丝的原子基链进行的研究。纳米金丝原子基链的电导是量子化的，量子电导受到包括电场、磁场、温度等各种因素的影响。在综述的基础之上，提出了该领域未解决的科学问题并指出了该领域未来的发展方向。     

Flexible Nanowire Cluster as a Wearable Colorimetric Humidity Sensor

Wearable plasmonic devices combine the advantages of high flexibility, ultrathinness, light weight, and excellent integration with the optical benefits mediated by plasmon‐enhanced electric fields. However, two obstacles severely hinder further developments and applications of a wearable plasmonic device. One is the lack of efficient approach to obtaining devices with robust antimotion‐interference property, i.e., the devices can work independently on the morphology changes of their working structures caused by arbitrary wearing conditions. The other issue is to seek a facile and high‐throughput fabrication method to satisfy the financial requirement of industrialization. In order to overcome these two challenges, a functional flexible film of nanowire cluster is developed, which can be easily fabricated by taking the advantages of both conventional electrochemical and sputtering methods. Such flexible plasmonic films can be made into wearable devices that work independently on shape changes induced by various wearing conditions (such as bending, twisting and stretching). Furthermore, due to plasmonic advantages of color controlling and high sensitivity to environment changes, the flexible film of nanowire cluster can be used to fabricate wearable items (such as bracelet, clothes, bag, or even commercial markers), with the ability of wireless visualization for humidity sensing.     

Monolithically integrated CoP nanowire array: An on/off switch for effective on-demand hydrogen generation via hydrolysis of NaBH<Subscript>4</Subscript> and NH<Subscript>3</Subscript>BH<Subscript>3</Subscript>

The issues of hydrogen generation and storage have hindered the widespread use and commercialization of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.It is thus highly attractive,but the design and development of highly active non-noble-metal catalysts for on-demand hydrogen release from alkaline NaBH4 solution under mild conditions remains a key challenge.Herein,we describe the use of CoP nanowire array integrated on a Ti mesh (CoP NA/Ti) as a three-dimensional (3D) monolithic catalyst for efficient hydrolytic dehydrogenation of NaBH4 in basic solutions.The CoP NA/Ti works as an on/off switch for on-demand hydrogen generation at a rate of 6,500 mL/(min.g) and a low activation energy of 41 kJ/mol.It is highly robust for repeated usage after recycling,without sacrificing catalytic performance.Remarkably,this catalyst also performs efficiently for the hydrolysis of NH3BH3.     

Growth and optical properties of In x Ga1−x P nanowires synthesized by selective-area epitaxy

Ternary Ⅲ-Ⅴ nanowires (NWs) cover a wide range of wavelengths in the solar spectrum and would greatly benefit from being synthesized as position-controlled arrays for improved vertical yield,reprodudbility,and tunable optical absorption.Here,we report on successful selective-area epitaxy of metal-particle-free vertical InxGa1-xP NW arrays using metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy and detail their optical properties.A systematic growth study establishes the range of suitable growth parameters to obtain uniform NW growth over a large array.The optical properties of the NWs were characterized by room-temperature cathodoluminescence spectroscopy.Tunability of the emission wavelength from 870 nm to approximately 800 nm was achieved.Transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray measurements performed on crosssection samples revealed a pure wurtzite crystal structure with very few stacking faults and a slight composition gradient along the NW growth axis.