Determination of tetrachloroethylene—Results of a collaborative study and the standardized method

The development, by collaborative study, of a standardized method for the determination of tetrachloroethylene in olive oils is described. The results of the study, which was carried out in 1989 under the direction of the International Olive Oil Council (IOOC), are presented and show that tetrachloroethylene can be readily determined, to an acceptable degree of precision, by gas-liquid chromatography with electron capture detection. A limited number of results obtained for the determination of trichloroethylene and chloroform by the same method indicate that a similar precision could be obtained with the method when determining these solvents also.     

加强协调促进甲烷氯化物企业健康有序发展

回顾了我国甲烷氯化物行业的发展概况，着重介绍了甲烷氯化物下游产品对该行业的影响。提出促进甲烷氯化物行业健康有序发展的建议。     

国内外四氯乙烯供需分析

分析和预测了国内外四氯乙烯的生产、消费情况。     

环保型羊毛织物干洗剂的应用研究

对石油干洗剂SD60添加表面活性剂,提高其增溶作用,使干洗剂对羊毛织物有了更好的干洗效果,可代替毒性较强的四氯乙烯干洗剂。     

Two-Stage Ozonation – Adsorption Purification of Ground Water from Trichloroethylene and Tetrachloroethylene with Application of Commercial Carbon Adsorbents

ABSTRACT

The aim of the research is to choose the most efficient adsorbent for two-stage ozone-sorption purification of groundwater containing both trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE) between three carbon sorbents produced in Russia (AUT-M, CAUSORB-221, and AG-3). Sorption isotherms of TCE and PCE on AUT-M and CAUSORB-221 at 296 K were fitted by the Freundlich equation. The better TCE and PCE sorption ability of AUT-M in comparison with CAUSORB – 221 and AG-3 was demonstrated.

The optimum parameters for ozonation and sorption stages of groundwater purification from TCE and PCE are elucidated using laboratory and pilot-plant scales. Prolonged test of this technology for purification of ground demonstrated that the higher achievable efficiency of destruction with ozone is 94% for TCE and 38% for PCE. Ozonation-sorption treatment of groundwater allows one to achieve TCE and PCE removal efficiency of 96-97% and 92-94% correspondingly. The most efficient carbon sorbent is microporous carbon fiber AUT-M. Using this sorbent, TCE and PCE concentrations in treated water decrease below the MPC level (5 μg/L) adopted in Russia. It is concluded that the combination of ozonation with sorption of residual contaminants by carbon sorbents is a promising way for the purification of waters containing chlorinated contaminants.     

三碳以下有机物高温氯化制备四氯乙烯

介绍了对三碳以下有机物进行高温氯化生产四氯乙烯的原理,分析了影响产品四氯乙烯收率的因素,并探讨了减少副产高沸物、增加四氯乙烯收率的措施。     

Pt-Cu/SiO_2对四氯化碳脱氯制四氯乙烯与甲烷氯化耦合反应的催化性能

研究了甲烷作为氢源与四氯化碳的耦合反应。考察了Cu/SiO2、Pt/SiO2和Pt-Cu/SiO2催化剂对四氯化碳脱氯与甲烷氯化耦合反应的催化性能,以及Pt/Cu摩尔比对反应的影响。结果表明:Cu/SiO2催化剂对四氯化碳脱氯反应活性较高,其初始转化率为14.6%,而对甲烷氯化反应活性较低,转化率为1.7%;Pt/SiO2催化剂对甲烷氯化反应有较高活性,初始转化率5.37%,而对四氯化碳脱氯活性较低,转化率为13.4%;1%Pt-2%Cu/SiO2双金属催化剂对四氯化碳脱氯与甲烷氯化耦合反应表现出较高的活性和稳定性,四氯乙烯选择性接近100%。     

四氯乙烯改性炭黑在橡胶中的分散速度及硫化胶性能影响的研究

应用四氯乙烯对炭黑进行热机械方法处理后，由于四氯乙烯对炭黑粒子起到了表面活化作用和氯原子的空间位阻效应，降低了炭黑粒子间的内聚能，在混炼时提高了炭黑在橡胶中的分散速度，缩短了混炼时间，增多了橡胶大分子链与炭黑粒子间的化学结合点，从而提高了硫化胶的定伸强度、硬度等综合性能。     

Multi-response optimization of process parameters for remediation of tetrachloroethylene pools by surfactants: Application of Taguchi design of experiment and Artificial Neural Network

Within the scope of the study, the effectiveness of the experimental conditions was tested by performing a multi-response Taguchi experimental design for the optimization of the minimum cost remediation performance with Tween 80, Methyl beta cyclodextrine (MCD) and Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) from tetrachloroethylene (PCE) contaminated porous media. Tween 80, MCD and SDS were extensively used in cosmetic industry as emulsifier. Both time of remediation and cost of remediation were studied as two separate response variables in three replicate experiments conducted according to the Taguchi L9 orthogonal experimental design. In the multi-response Taguchi analysis, the sensitivity analysis was performed by systematically changing the weights determined for two separate response variables in the calculation of total loss of quality (TNQLj). Optimum experimental conditions were determined with the help of the calculated multi-response signal/noise (S/N) ratios (MRSN). The results show that the type of Flushing Agent is the most important factor in optimizing the remediation time and remediation cost for the removal of dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) PCE mass. Flushing rate is considered to be the least contributing factor. Furthermore, the results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that all parameters used in the system had a significant effect on the experimental results and the Taguchi method could explain 97.15% of the Remediation Time and 92.03% of the Remediation Cost. Afterwards, the data obtained from the experiments performed according to the experimental design were modelled using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to estimate the remediation performance and remediation cost without performing new experiments.     

FeCl3-HCl-C2Cl4体系浸出硫化锌矿的动力学研究

针对FeCl3-HCl-C2Cl4体系浸出硫化锌精矿过程，建立了以固体产物层扩散控制和混合扩散控制浸出的核收缩动力学模型。动力学研究和浸出过程矿粒表面的SEM分析结果表明，在相同的搅拌强度下，FeCl3-HCl体系符合固体产物层扩散控制的核收缩过程，四氯乙烯能有效地溶解矿粒表面形成的固体硫层，提高固体产物层扩散控制的速度，并且随四氯乙烯加入量的增大；对于FeCl3-HCl-C2Cl4体系则由固体产物层扩散控制变为混合扩散控制的的核收缩过程，显著地提高了浸出速率。