梯形聚甲基/苯基倍半硅氧烷的合成及其热稳定性研究

选用甲基三氯硅烷和苯基三氯硅烷为主要原料合成了梯形聚甲基倍半硅氧烷(有机硅树脂Ⅰ)和梯形聚苯基倍半硅氧烷(有机硅树脂Ⅱ).并进行了红外光谱和差热分析.     

RDX热分解特性及HMX对其热稳定性的影响

利用微热量热实验研究了黑索今(RDX)的热分解特性及奥克托今(HMX)对其热稳定性的影响,运用AKTS分析软件对热分解曲线进行解耦分峰,得到了不受熔融相变影响的热分解曲线和参数,采用Kissinger、Friedman和Ozawa法计算了其热分解活化能。结果表明:RDX是熔融分解型物质,解耦后的RDX熔融峰温为201.07～208.05℃,分解峰温为207.99～232.76℃,活化能为167.70 kJ·mol~(-1),通过Friedman法和Ozawa法计算的活化能变化趋势相同,并得到AKTS软件验证。不同RDX/HMX比例(9/1,8/2,7/3,6/4,5/5)的样品与单质RDX相比,混合样品中RDX的熔融峰温平均降低了8.63,8.32,9.70,8.57,6.50℃,其分解峰温平均改变了1.14,2.01,2.58,3.53,3.47℃;混合样品中RDX活化能为162.32,151.40,149.78,141.14,132.93 kJ·mol~(-1),表明随着HMX比例的增加,RDX活化能降低。     

碳纳米管高温热稳定性与结构的关系

使用分子动力学方法对单壁碳纳米管高温下的结构进行了计算机模拟。对扶手椅结构（10，10）和（20，20）的单壁碳纳米管进行了模拟，结果表明，碳纳米管开关端由于能量弛豫过程，直径比内部略大，在温度逐渐升高之后，构成纳米管的碳原子逐渐偏离晶格位置，小直径的碳纳米管在3000K温度之下结构是稳定的；直径小的碳纳米管的高温热稳定性比直径大的碳纳米管要好。     

合金元素钒对高碳钢丝组织与性能的影响

 钒对高碳钢丝的微观组织、力学性能及热稳定性具有显著的影响。钒元素在高碳钢中主要存在于渗碳体中,可以起到强化渗碳体的作用。添加钒元素有利于珠光体片层间距的细化,还可以增加渗碳体的热稳定性,从而抑制钢丝拉拔过程中渗碳体的分解。但在拉拔应变量较大时,富含钒的渗碳体片碎化严重,会加重钢丝在镀锌过程中的球化现象,而导致钒合金化钢丝与未添加钒元素的钢丝相比,无论镀锌与否,其扭转性能均明显下降。     

热喷涂技术制备耐蚀涂层在炼油装备中的应用及发展前景

热喷涂技术是一门表面防护和表面强化技术,它可以在任何基材上制备耐蚀、抗磨、隔热等优良性能涂层.热喷涂技术在炼油装备中具有广泛的应用,本文介绍了热喷涂技术制备烟气轮机叶片耐高温热腐蚀涂层,油浆泵抗冲蚀涂层和钢结构、储油罐、储气罐、输油管道的长效防腐涂层.总结了目前该领域存在的问题,并对今后发展前景进行了展望.     

不同储藏条件下中性双蛋白饮品中维生素的光热稳定性分析

强化食品饮料中维生素的稳定性对于保障产品质量及标签中的标示值符合法规要求具有重要意义。该研究以中性双蛋白饮品为研究对象,系统考察了储藏温度（37 ℃和55 ℃）、光照条件（自然光和氙灯照射）对饮品中维生素稳定性的影响。结果表明：常温放置3个月,VE含量基本不发生变化,VA、VD、烟酰胺、VB1、VB2和VB6的衰减率为5.45%、8.74%、8.99%、18.13%、21.40%和33.72%。随着储藏温度升高到37 ℃或者55 ℃,VE衰减率变化最小,其次是烟酰胺、VB2和VB6。VA和VB1对高温较为敏感,55 ℃下储藏2个月平均衰减率显著增加到89.23%和83.33%。各维生素对光照的敏感度不同,自然光照3个月VE、VA、VD、烟酰胺、VB1、VB2和VB6的平均衰减率分别为1.28%、15.03%、8.68%、14.42%、7.92%、86.41%和35.27%。而氙灯辐照5 d,VE和VB6含量不发生显著变化,烟酰胺衰减率较小（9.32%）,VB2衰减率高达76.62%,对比结果表明VE、烟酰胺光稳定性较好,VA、VD、VB1对紫外线的敏感度高于可见光线,而VB6则对可见光更敏感。该研究可为高品质饮品的开发与应用提供基础数据。     

Environment-Friendly Synergistic Abiotic Stress for Enhancing the Yield of Lipids from Oleaginous Yeasts

The microbial lipids isolated from oleaginous yeasts are a potential alternative to tree borne oils. There is a need to optimize and enhance the production of lipid by various stress approaches. In the present study, yeasts are subjected to physico-chemical stresses, and growth, as well as lipid concentration at different time intervals are monitored. It is found that the nanoparticles (NP) such as Ag-NP and Zn-NP have an inhibitory effect on yeast growth. Most yeast strains show an increase in growth and lipid accumulation when ionic liquid (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate) ([EMIM][OAc]) and table salt (NaCl) stress are applied. Lipid is chemically characterized using gas chromatography furnished with flame ionization detector (GC-FID), GC/MS, and NMR techniques. It contains a higher percentage of saturated fatty acids (SFA: 74.3%), monounsaturated fatty acids (19.1%) with low amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids (1.9%). The thermo-stability study reveals that the lipid have higher volatility (380–410 °C) as closely compared with coconut oil, and much lower with respect to the winged bean oil (430–470 °C). The melting point of the lipids (37 °C) is determined through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The DSC and physico-chemical properties are supported that the yeast lipids may use as a cocoa-butter substitute. Production of lipid under NaCl stress (200 × 10⁻³ m ) is more than 60.4% higher as compared to the control. However, the combined stress effect of NaCl (200 × 10⁻³ m ) and 15 × 10⁻³ m of [EMIM][OAc] results in more than 96.4% yield of lipid. The exchange of inorganic and organic ions in combined treatment forces the microbial cells to accumulate more amounts of lipid, which may form a lipid-emulsion layer to protect the cell from osmosis. It is interestingly observed that the stress cells shift the flux to accumulate a significantly improved percentage of SFA, which could be provided better protection cover due to its expanded structure, less reactive characteristics, and completely insoluble nature in ionic-aqueous solvent. Practical applications: Oleaginous yeast is multiplied in a very limited space, and easily scalable for sustainable production of lipid to meet its commercial demand. This novel approach for enhancing the yield of lipid with the application of synergistic stress in between NaCl and the green solvent (ionic liquid) is being reported for the first time. This lipid has potential alternative applications as cocoa-butter.     

n+n组合结构半导体丙酮气敏元件研究

n n组合结构半导体气敏元件是基于气敏元件互补反馈原理的一种新结构半导体气敏元件.该元件是由2种传导类型相同的敏感体A和B构成,A和B都是n型半导体材料.理论分析表明:当敏感体A和B满足一定条件时,该元件具有高的选择性,同时,还具有好的热稳定性和高的灵敏度.通过试验,获得了性能较好的n n组合结构丙酮气敏元件.     

评武钢的合理配煤炼焦

随着高炉的日趋大型化和喷煤工艺的采用，对高炉用焦炭的热稳定性的要求越来越高，因此，对我国含有一定碱金属的大型高炉的生产，如何合理组织配煤炼焦，是大型高炉顺产的重要因素。作者通过多年的研究，对武钢配煤炼焦提出了一些新的看法。     

乳化稳定剂在肉制品中的应用

本文介绍了乳化稳定剂功能特性,使用方法及在肉制品中一些使用情况,用乳化稳定剂与一定比例的水和脂肪制作成具有热稳定性的乳化体,添加到肉制品中不仅可以降低产品成本,改善产品风味,而且还可避免出油现象的发生.