The Influence of Prior Commitment on the Reactions of Layoff Survivors to Organizational Downsizing.

Nurses (N := 179; Study 1) and managers (N = 154; Study 2) participated in 2 panel studies examining the relationship among prior commitment (affective and continuance commitment and perceived organizational support), coping strategies, and survivors' attitudes and perceptions during and following downsizing. In Study 1, perceived organizational support was significantly positively related to control-oriented coping, job satisfaction, and intention to remain and negatively related to perceived job insecurity and burnout 2 years later. In Study 2, coping mediated the relationship between the prior commitment variables and job alienation, health symptoms, and burnout following the downsizing. Control-oriented coping was associated with elevated levels of health symptoms and burnout following the downsizing, suggesting that control-oriented coping may have positive effects in the short term but potentially harmful effects in the long term. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

提高涡轮增压内燃机效率的探讨

本文首先论述了内燃机在工业交通各领域的广泛应用以及内燃机节能的必要性和重大意义。其次对涡轮增压内燃机进行全面(火用)分析,(火用)平衡和(火用)效率的计算。最后对如何进一步减少(火用)损失进行探讨,指出了提高内燃机(火用)效率的途径。     

复杂参数产品形态设计中的解空间降维方法

针对产品形态设计中评价标准的模糊性问题,探索了智能化设计方法中的操作性技术.基于产品的形态编码,采用参数权重集中曲线的噪声度自动评测方式对解空间进行降维处理,并对产品形态编码分级.在降维后的系列解空间中使用交互式遗传算法搜索最优方案,并逐级完成形态的细化设计.文中方法从用户交互选择信息中提取出各参数对产品形态的重要性等级,作为细化设计过程的依据.求解过程全部基于解码的形态方案进行,为设计师的工作提供了直观的界面.     

Efficiency improvement and NOx emission reduction potentials of two‐stage turbocharged Miller cycle for stationary natural gas engines

As a part of an engine research and development project in cooperation with industry, a V20 engine is designed with two‐stage high‐pressure turbocharging, and the potential of the Miller cycle is examined through calculations using computational models based on experimental as well as computational studies. The stationary gas engines must produce less than 250 mg Nm^?3 in 5% excess of O₂, additionally the amount of NO_x emissions and their dependence on engine operational and design conditions are investigated by using a zero‐dimensional reaction kinetic model. The results show an increase in efficiency, also the amount of NO_x emissions is kept under the constraint value of 250 mg Nm^?3 for stationary engines. The results obtained here promise a very high improvement potential for future emission regulations. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

车用增压柴油机的平衡和分析

分析法是一种新的热力学分析法: 本文对车用增压柴油机各主要部件进行了分析。并介绍分析法在495Q型车用柴油机上的应用,最后进行了平衡和效率的计算并提出涡轮增压车用柴油机减少损失的途径。     

防爆柴油机增压中冷技术的应用研究

基于对柴油机防爆改装后存在问题的分析,结合煤矿井下环境的特殊性,提出用配有水-空进气中冷器的增压中冷技术改进防爆柴油机性能的方案,通过分析增压中冷技术对功率及排放的影响,表明该方案可提高防爆柴油机功率并降低排放。     

Repeated Downsizing Contact: The Effects of Similar and Dissimilar Layoff Experiences on Work and Well-Being Outcomes.

In this longitudinal study, the authors compared 1,244 white- and blue-collar workers who reported 0, 1, or 2 contacts with layoffs; all were employees of a large manufacturing company that had engaged in several mass waves of downsizing. Consistent with a stress-vulnerability model, workers with a greater number of exposures to both direct and indirect downsizing reported significantly lower levels of job security and higher levels of role ambiguity, intent to quit, depression, and health problems. Findings did not support the idea that workers became more resilient as they encountered more layoff events. The authors found only partial evidence that the similarity or dissimilarity of the type of repeated downsizing exposure played a role in how workers reported changes in these outcome variables. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Emission characteristics of a turbocharged diesel engine fueled with gas-to-liquids

Emission characteristics of a turbocharged, intercooled, heavy-duty diesel engine operating on neat gas-to-liquids (GTL) and blends of GTL with conventional diesel were investigated and a comparison was made with those of diesel fuel. The results show that nitrogen oxides (NO _x ), smoke, and particulate matter (PM) emissions can be decreased when operating on GTL and diesel-GTL blends. Engine emissions decrease with an increase of GTL fraction in the blends. Compared with diesel fuel, an engine operating on GTL can reduce NO _x , PM, carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrocarbon (HC) by 23.7%, 27.6%, 16.6% and 12.9% in ECE R49 13-mode procedure, respectively. Engine speed and load have great influences on emissions when operating on diesel-GTL blends and diesel fuel in the turbocharged diesel engine. The study indicates that GTL is a promising alternative fuel for diesel engines to reduce emissions. Translated from Transactions of CSICE, 2006, 24(6): 489–493 [译自: 内燃机学报]     

电视剧缩编网络的研究与设计

介绍了电视剧缩编网络的需求与功能,分析了系统的主要业务流程,构建一个面向电视台全台网的电视剧缩编网络,实现了电视剧入库、上载、检索、编辑、播出、存档一体化管理等功能。     

Coping With Downsizing: A Comparison of Executive-Level and Middle Managers.

A longitudinal study compared the reactions of executive-level and middle managers prior to a large-scale downsizing, during initial and final phases, and following the downsizing. Compared with executives, middle managers perceived greater job insecurity, were more likely to use escape coping, and reported lower job performance and higher levels of health symptoms. Over time, both executives and middle managers reported a decline in perceived threat of job loss but an increase in sense of powerlessness, a decrease in the use of control-oriented coping strategies, and reduced job performance in the initial phase of downsizing. Although less so, executive-level managers were also adversely affected by the downsizing, suggesting that this group should be included in stress management interventions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)