基于光机热集成分析法的红外成像系统热设计

由于红外成像光学的特殊性,温度是影响其成像质量的主要因素之一。针对一款红外成像系统,应用光机热集成分析法,就其在夏季室外工作环境下的成像质量展开综合分析,发现光机元件温度的梯度分布对系统引入无法校正的像差,降低系统成像质量。建立在仿真分析的基础上,本文有针对性地设计一种分布式散热系统,在降低系统整体温度的同时,使得光机元件的温度分布均匀化,提高其成像质量。     

Regulatory framework and business models for charging plug-in electric vehicles: Infrastructure,agents, and commercial relationships

Electric vehicles (EVs) present efficiency and environmental advantages over conventional transportation. It is expected that in the next decade this technology will progressively penetrate the market. The integration of plug-in electric vehicles in electric power systems poses new challenges in terms of regulation and business models. This paper proposes a conceptual regulatory framework for charging EVs. Two new electricity market agents, the EV charging manager and the EV aggregator, in charge of developing charging infrastructure and providing charging services are introduced. According to that, several charging modes such as EV home charging, public charging on streets, and dedicated charging stations are formulated. Involved market agents and their commercial relationships are analysed in detail. The paper elaborates the opportunities to formulate more sophisticated business models for vehicle-to-grid applications under which the storage capability of EV batteries is used for providing peak power or frequency regulation to support the power system operation. Finally penetration phase dependent policy and regulatory recommendations are given concerning time-of-use pricing, smart meter deployment, stable and simple regulation for reselling energy on private property, roll-out of public charging infrastructure as well as reviewing of grid codes and operational system procedures for interactions between network operators and vehicle aggregators.     

利用抗张挺度取向优化新闻纸质量的研究

通过检测新闻纸纸样的抗张挺度取向角(TSO)等参数,分析了纸机抄造过程中存在的问题,对改进新闻纸质量、缩小国内外新闻纸质量差距具有重要的参考价值.     

浆网速变化对纸张物理性能的影响

采用动态纸张成形器在不同浆网速条件下抄造纸张,利用抗张挺度取向(TSO)测试仪对纸张的TSO性能参数进行测定,同时检测纸张的紧度、透气度和抗张强度等指标,考察浆网速变化对成纸纵横向物理性能的影响。结果表明,随着网速的增加,纸张的纵向抗张挺度指数(TSIMD)和纵横向抗张挺度指数比(TSIMD/CD)增大,横向抗张挺度指数(TSICD)减小;浆速提高的情况下TSI变化规律与网速增加时相反;抗张强度变化趋势与TSI变化趋势相一致。随着网速的增加,纸张的紧度增大,透气度降低;改变浆速,纸张紧度和透气度变化规律不明显。纸张的匀度随着浆网速差的增加而提高。     

超声波测量技术在包装纸板生产中的应用

主要介绍了TSO仪的测量原理及利用TSO仪测量得到的纸板抗张挺度取向TSO、纵向抗张挺度指数TSIMD、横向抗张挺度指数TSICD和纵横向抗张挺度指数比TSIMD/CD等测量信息,及时调整纸机操作,从而优化产品质量的方法。     

高渗松软地层水力压裂缝宽预测新模型

对高渗透松软地层进行水力压裂施工时，由于地层胶结程度差，强度低，压裂液对弱胶结裂缝壁面的切向应力就会破坏裂缝壁面的稳定性，使附着在裂缝壁面上的砂粒由静止变为运动，并随压裂液的注入而向缝端后移，形成冲刷裂缝；同时，砂粒在水力冲刷作用下的后移有利于“端部脱砂”产生，而“端部脱砂”的形成又加剧了水力冲刷作用强度，这种相互作用控制着缝宽的大小，影响着“端部脱砂”压裂施工的成败，因而具有很强的研究价值。现有的缝宽模型都以弹性理论为基础，并没有考虑该水力冲刷现象，因而不能准确地预测缝宽，文中综合考虑岩石力学、流体力学、压裂液性质以及压裂施工等理论，对该冲刷缝形成机理进行了分析，建立了一种新的针对垂直裂缝的水力冲刷缝宽预测模型，并编制了相应的计算程序，最后根据一些实际参数对该模型进行了分析验证。     

抗张挺度取向性能与涂布灰底白纸板质量的相关性分析

对涂布灰底白纸板生产过程中纸板的抗张挺度取向性能(T S O,包括纵、横向抗张挺度指数TSI M D、TSI C D和两者的比值TSI M D/C D,抗张挺度取向角TSOAngle)及纸板的定量、厚度、纵横向抗张指数、纵横向挺度、纵横向环压强度、耐破指数等常规物理性能进行了跟踪测定,采用主成分分析法成功发现了TS O参数与常规物理性能之间存在的一些良好相关关系.由此表明,在优化涂布灰底白纸板纸机的生产时,可充分利用TSO测定仪具有快速、全幅测定纸板性能的优势,快速优化纸板的纵向挺度、横向环压指数以及耐破度等重要指标.     

浅析军用机载设备适航要求及实现方法

介绍了民用机载设备适航技术要求和软硬件开发要求,对比军用机载设备开发现状,提出军用机载设备符合适航要求的方法。     

Challenges facing the European power transmission tariffs: The case of inter-TSO compensation

This article draws attention to problems important for all EU power consumers—the unfairness in individual payments for power transmission and in the cross-border subsidy element in the mechanism of Inter-Transmission System Operators (TSO) Compensation (ITC). A brief review of power transmission tariffs brings out the structure of the problems. A short retrospection explains their growth. The essence of the ITC mechanism is explained and existing shortcomings are illustrated. The deficiencies of existing regulations for transmission pricing are analyzed. In the light of this analysis, the ITC problem is reconsidered and defined more precisely. The basic prerequisites to an ITC reformulation process are presented. The main principles of a new simple, transparent and equitable approach are suggested, in accordance with the contemporary legal positions and functions of the TSOs.     

超声波TSO仪测量技术的在线应用

超声波实时在线测量技术作为优化造纸过程、改善纸品质量使之更符合消费者要求的一种测量方法,已经得到了广泛的认同,并迅速的发展起来.本文主要描述了纸机生产过程中测量纸产品强度和弹性性能的新方法超声波TSO测量仪,及其在线实时测量的信号处理技术、设备组成以及在工厂的实践应用等.