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排序方式: 共有918条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(47):20494-20506
Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) durability has been severely hindered by carbon support poor stability in the cathodic Pt-based catalyst. Herein, a high-surface-area nitrogen-doped graphitic nanocarbon (N-G-CA) with mesopores is developed as Pt support to address PEMFCs durability challenge. Resorcinol-formaldehyde aerogel pyrolyzed carbon aerogel is selected as N-G-CA raw material. Nitrogen atoms are introduced into carbon aerogel via NH3 heat treatment. Then, nitrogen-doped carbon aerogel is transferred into N-G-CA via heating together with transition-metal salts (one of FeCl3, FeCl2, CoCl2, or MnCl2, etc.) at 1200 °C. As ORR catalyst, Pt/N-G-CA half-wave potential only lost 10 mV, after 30, 000 cycles accelerated aging test in the rotating-desk-electrode. Only 12 mV voltage loss at 1.5 A/cm2 is observed, after 5, 000 cycles for membrane electrode. Pt/N-G-CA exhibits superior durability and activity than commercial Pt/C. High durability of Pt/N-G-CA is due to N-G-CA high graphitization extent, as well as the interactions between doping nitrogen and Pt. N-G-CA is promising as stable support for durable Pt-based catalysts in PEMFCs, thanks to enhanced carbon corrosion resistance, uniformly dispersed Pt, and strong support-metals interaction. 相似文献
2.
《Ceramics International》2021,47(21):29722-29729
As semiconductor devices have become miniaturized and highly integrated, interconnection problems such as RC delays, power dissipation, and crosstalk appear. To alleviate these problems, materials with a low dielectric constant should be used for the interlayer dielectric in nanoscale semiconductor devices. Silica aerogel as a porous structure composed of silica and air can be used as the interlayer dielectric material to achieve a very low dielectric constant. However, the problem of its low stiffness needs to be resolved for the endurance required in planarization. The purpose of this study is to discover the geometric effect of the electrical and mechanical properties of silica aerogel. The effects of porosity, the distribution of pores, the number of pores on the dielectric constant, and elastic modulus were analyzed using FEM. The results suggest that the porosity of silica aerogel is the main parameter that determines the dielectric constant and it should be at least 0.76 to have a very low dielectric constant of 1.5. Additionally, while maintaining the porosity of 0.76, the silica aerogel needs to be designed in an ordered open pores structure (OOPS) containing 64 or more pores positioned in a simple cubic lattice point to endure in planarization, which requires an elastic modulus of 8 GPa to prevent delamination. 相似文献
3.
溶胶-凝胶法制备疏水型SiO-2气凝胶 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以正硅酸乙酯 (TEOS)为硅源 ,用三甲基氯硅烷 (TMCS)为疏水试剂 ,通过溶胶 凝胶法在室温下制备出疏水型SiO2 气凝胶。用傅立叶变温红外 (FT IR)、扫描电镜 (SEM)、透射电镜 (TEM)和吸水性能对疏水型SiO2气凝胶的结构和性能进行了研究 相似文献
4.
Te-Yu Wei Shih-Yuan Lu Yu-Cheng Chang 《Journal of the Chinese Institute of Chemical Engineers》2007,38(5-6):477-481
Tin oxide–silica composite aerogels were successfully prepared with a co-fed precursor sol–gel process. The crystallinity of the tin oxide nanoparticles, embedded in the mesoporous SiO2 network, was improved with increasing the post-reaction thermal treatment temperature. The composite aerogels exhibited a rich photoluminescence (PL) emission contributed by both SnO2 and SiO2. The PL peak of 346 nm was from the near band edge emission of the tin oxide nanoparticles, and the ones located at 310 and 476 nm were attributable to the oxygen deficiencies of the silica network. Three more emission peaks, 387, 432, and 522 nm, were observed, with the 387 nm peak contributed by the oxygen vacancies VO++, the 432 nm peak by the Sn interstitials, and the 522 nm peak by the oxygen vacancies VO+, respectively, of the tin oxide nanoparticles. The intensities of these three defect level emissions were found decreased, as compared to that of the near band edge emission, with increasing the post-reaction thermal treatment temperature as the tin oxide crystallinity improved. 相似文献
5.
Influence of Pt particle size on catalytic combustion of xylenes on carbon aerogel-supported Pt catalysts 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
M.N. Padilla-Serrano F.J. Maldonado-Hdar C. Moreno-Castilla 《Applied catalysis. B, Environmental》2005,61(3-4):253-258
Pt catalysts supported on a carbon aerogel with different Pt particle sizes were studied in the combustion of o-xylene and m-xylene. Results found show that the activity of the catalysts increased with larger Pt particle size. In addition, the catalysts were activated during consecutive combustion runs and during time on stream. This activation depends on the Pt particle size and type of xylene isomer. Activation was due to the increase in Pt particle size during reaction. The lower activity of catalysts with smaller Pt particle size was due to the stronger PtO bonds formed during xylene combustion by the smaller Pt particles. 相似文献
6.
轻质高效保温材料掺杂硅气凝胶 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
利用正硅酸甲脂(TMOS)为原料的溶胶-凝胶过程,摸索了不同反应条件下形成凝胶的规律,并选用TiO2粉末及玻璃纤维作为掺杂剂,采用超临界干燥处理制备出掺TiO2的硅气凝胶,通过对红外光谱以及不同温度和气压条件下热导率的测量,讨论了不同成份配比以及相应的热传输过程对材料热导率的影响。结果表明,密度为260kg/m^3的掺杂硅气凝胶在800K时的热导率为0.038w/m.k,是一种新型的轻质高效保温材 相似文献
7.
掺富勒烯SiO2气凝胶的制备与发光性质研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文利用溶胶-凝胶工艺成功地将富勒烯掺入了SiO2气凝胶的纳米孔洞中,在Ar^+离子激光激发下,观察到了很强的可见光发射,对该现象作了初步的解释。 相似文献
8.
9.
A novel high power symmetric ZnO/carbon aerogel composite electrode for electrochemical supercapacitor 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We present, for the first time, a new material of symmetric electrochemical supercapacitor in which zinc oxide (ZnO) with carbon aerogel (CA) was used as active material. Physical properties of ZnO/CA composite were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that ZnO has single hexagonal structure and the grain size increases with increase of ZnO compository. The result of cyclic voltammetry indicates that the specific capacitance of ZnO/CA composite in 6 M KOH electrolyte was approximately 25 F/g at 10 mV/s for 2:1 composition. AC impedance analysis reveals that ZnO with carbon aerogel powder enhanced the conductivity by reducing the internal resistance. Galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements were done at various current densities, namely 25, 50, 75, and 100 mA/cm2. It was found that the cells have excellent electrochemical reversibility and capacitive characteristics in KOH electrolyte. The maximum capacitance of the ZnO/CA supercapacitor was 500 F/g at 100 mA/cm2. It has been observed that the specific capacitance is constant up to 500 cycles at all current densities, which implies that the dendrite formation was controlled. 相似文献
10.
盐酸沉淀法制备纳米白炭黑 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
采用盐酸沉淀法制备纳米白炭黑,通过实验调整盐酸的浓度、添加剂的加入、反应体系的温度、pH值的大小。制得粒径小、品质好的纳米白炭黑。利用X ray衍射仪和扫描电镜分析,研究白炭黑的结构。 相似文献