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1.
2.
聚苯硫醚酰胺的合成与表征 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
用4-氯苯甲酰4′-氯苯胺和硫化钠为原料在常压下合成了聚苯硫醚酰胺,并对其进行了表征。结果表明所合成的产物为结晶性聚合物,并且有较高的热稳定性。 相似文献
3.
We investigate the thermodynamics, kinetics, and capacity of the hydrogen storage reaction: Li2Mg(NH)2 + 2H2 Mg(NH2)2 + 2LiH. Starting with LiNH2 and MgH2, two distinct procedures have been previously proposed for activating samples to induce the reversible storage reaction. We clarify here the impact of these two activation procedures on the resulting capacity for the Li–Mg–N–H reaction. Additionally, we measure the temperature-dependent kinetic absorption data for this hydrogen storage system. Finally, our experiments confirm the previously reported formation enthalpy (ΔH), hydrogen capacity, and pressure–composition–isotherm (PCI) data, and suggest that this system represents a kinetically (but not thermodynamically) limited system for vehicular on-board storage applications. 相似文献
4.
利用田间试验方法研究保护剂长残效除草剂解毒效应。不同保护剂对豆磺隆解毒效应有差异,作保灵解毒效应最明显,但在除草剂高残留量时解毒作用下降。作保灵对三种长残效除草剂都具有明显的解毒作用,作物的出苗率可恢复80%~100%。解毒效应顺序为油莱>白菜>甜菜。 相似文献
5.
6.
A novel technique for the preparation of secondary fatty amides 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Alexander Bilyk Raymond G. Bistline Jr. George J. Piazza Stephen H. Feairheller Michael J. Haas 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1992,69(5):488-491
A technique for the synthesis of monosubstituted fatty amides at low temperature and ambient pressure was developed. This
method involved the condensation of an amine with a triacylglycerol. The primary amine (ethyl,n-butyl,n-hexyl andn-octyl were tested) acted as reagent and solvent for the fatty substrates. No additional organic solvent or catalyst was added.
Tallow, vegetable oils and fish oil all served well as substrates, as did pure tripalmitin. The rate of amidation was dependent
upon temperature and the ratio of fat to amine. In a series of experiments conducted with tallow andn-butylamine at a fat:amine molar ratio of 1:16, amidation could be carried out at 20°C, producingn-butyltallowamide in 83% yield in 24 hr. When the fat:amine molar ratio was reduced to 1:8, and the temperature raised to
45°C, the amide yield was 87.6% in 24 hr. When the reaction was carried out at the boiling point ofn-butylamine (78°C) and at a fat:amine ratio of 1:8, the amide yield was 93.2% in 4 hr. The reaction progressed more rapidly
with higher molecular weight amines. The identity and purity of the amides was assessed by thin-layer chromatography and confirmed
by elemental analyses and infrared and C13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. 相似文献
7.
8.
M. A. Foster L. G. Kleine J. Moore 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1993,70(12):1239-1240
Direct-seeding guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) in west Texas has been successful; however, seedlings grow slowly and are extremely susceptible to weed competition.
An effective preplant or preemergence herbicide is necessary for establishment. The objective of this study was to examine
the effects of preemergence herbicides on guayule stand establishment by direct seeding. Experiments were initiated on a Dalby
clay in 1991 and 1992 at the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Guayule Research Site near Fort Stockton, Texas. Conditioned
guayule seed (Mexican Bulk) was planted 10 mm deep on raised beds with a Gaspardo SV255 pneumatic planter at 100 seeds/m.
The following herbicides were applied immediately after planting: dimethyl 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate (DCPA)
[4.5, 9.0, 11.0 kg ai/ha (hectare)], pendimethalin [N-(1-ethylpropyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine] (0.3, 0.6, 1.1 kg/ha) and prodiamine [N3,N3-Di-n-propyl-2,4-dinitro-6-(trifluoromethyl)-m-phenylenediamine] (0.3, 0.6, 1.1 kg/ha). Herbicides were applied in a 0.5-m band on each bed by using a CO2-powered backpack sprayer with a single-nozzle boom delivering 300 L/ha at 172 kPa pressure. The lowest rates of all herbicides
did not significantly reduce guayule stand density in 1991 when compared to the control. DCPA at 9.0 kg/ha was adequately
selective in both studies. Guayule stand reduction varied from only 2% with DCPA at 4.5 kg/ha in 1991, to 71% with 1.1 kg/ha
of pendimethalin in 1992. DCPA (4.5 and 9.0 kg/ha) would be recommended for preemergence weed control, depending on soil type,
when direct seeding guayule. Based on row spacing recommendations for transplants, at least three established seedlings/m
would be required for an acceptable guayule stand. Seeding rate could be reduced and still allow for effective preemergence
weed control. 相似文献
9.
为开发环境友好型润滑油添加剂,以蓖麻油酸、二乙醇胺为原料,采用两步合成法制备蓖麻油酸二乙醇酰胺(RA),然后与硼酸合成蓖麻油酸二乙醇酰胺硼酸酯(RAB)。利用FTIR对RA及RAB的结构进行表征,并以菜籽油为基础油,考察RAB的摩擦学性能。通过单因素实验得到合成RA的最佳条件为:酰化反应中蓖麻油酸和二乙醇胺物质的量比为1.0:0.8,150 ℃下反应6 h;胺解反应中蓖麻油酸和二乙醇胺物质的量比为1.0:0.4,催化剂氢氧化钠用量为蓖麻油酸和二乙醇胺总质量的1%,95 ℃下反应3 h,RA产率达88.10%;RAB的最佳合成条件为:RA与硼酸物质的量比为1.8:1.0,催化剂对甲苯磺酸用量为RA和硼酸总质量的1.5%,140 ℃下反应100 min,RAB产率达92.78%。添加RAB的菜籽油在摩擦表面形成含B、N的复合润滑保护膜,当RAB添加量为菜籽油总质量的2%时,油样最大无卡咬负荷(PB)相比菜籽油提高了61%;当RAB添加量为1%时,油样表现出良好的摩擦保护性能。 相似文献
10.
The booklouse, Liposcelis bostrychophila, is an increasingly common pest of stored food products worldwide. We report here the cuticular lipid composition of this pest (the first report of the hydrocarbons of any member of the Order Psocoptera and the first report of fatty acid amides as cuticular components for any insect). No unsaturated hydrocarbons were present. A homologous series of n-alkanes (C21–C34), monomethyl alkanes (3-, 4-, 5-, 7-, 9-, 11-, 12-, 13- and 15-methyl-) with a carbon chain range of C28–C42, and dimethyl alkanes (3, 7-; 9, 13-; 11, 15-; 13, 17-; 9, 21-; 11, 19-; and 13, 21-); with a carbon number range of C31–C43 were identified. The relative abundances of these hydrocarbons were low, comprising approximately 0.0125% of total biomass. The amides were a homologous series (C16–C22 in chain length), with the major amide being stearoyl amide. In addition to the amides, free fatty acids (C16:1, C16:0, C18:2, C18:1, and C18:0 in chain length) and three straight chain aldehydes (C15, C16, and C17:1 in chain length) also occurred as cuticular components. These findings are discussed in terms of the chemical and physiological ecology of this species. 相似文献