Bovidae-based gelatin: Extractions method,physicochemical and functional properties,applications, and future trends

Gelatin is one of the most important multifunctional biopolymers and is widely used as an essential ingredient in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics. Porcine gelatin is regarded as the leading source of gelatin globally then followed by bovine gelatin. Porcine sources are favored over other sources since they are less expensive. However, porcine gelatin is religiously prohibited to be consumed by Muslims and the Jewish community. It is predicted that the global demand for gelatin will increase significantly in the future. Therefore, a sustainable source of gelatin with efficient production and free of disease transmission must be developed. The highest quality of Bovidae-based gelatin (BG) was acquired through alkaline pretreatment, which displayed excellent physicochemical and rheological properties. The utilization of mammalian- and plant-based enzyme significantly increased the gelatin yield. The emulsifying and foaming properties of BG also showed good stability when incorporated into food and pharmaceutical products. Manipulation of extraction conditions has enabled the development of custom-made gelatin with desired properties. This review highlighted the various modifications of extraction and processing methods to improve the physicochemical and functional properties of Bovidae-based gelatin. An in-depth analysis of the crucial stage of collagen breakdown is also discussed, which involved acid, alkaline, and enzyme pretreatment, respectively. In addition, the unique characteristics and primary qualities of BG including protein content, amphoteric property, gel strength, emulsifying and viscosity properties, and foaming ability were presented. Finally, the applications and prospects of BG as the preferred gelatin source globally were outlined.     

Deduction of a facile method to construct Antheraea mylitta silk fibroin/gelatin blend films for prospective biomedical applications

Blend films of two types (I and II) were prepared by mixing Antheraea mylitta silk fibroin (AMF) and gelatin solution in various blend ratios via the solution casting method. Two different crosslinkers, namely glutaraldehyde and genipin, were used during blend preparation. The structural characteristics and thermal properties of the blend films were examined by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Diffrential scanning calorimetery (DSC). The FTIR spectra showed conformational alterations in type I blend films while type II films attained high β‐sheet crystallinity. The XRD diffractograms presented a high degree of crystallinity in type II blend films compared to type I, which showed an almost amorphous structure. Further, thermal and biological studies were conducted on type II films. According to the TGA thermograms, the degradation temperature of the crosslinked blend films shifted compared to pure gelatin and pure AMF films. Partial miscibility of the two components was indicated by DSC thermograms of the blends. The high water uptake capacity of type II blend films was found to imitate hydrogel behaviour. The blend films did not show any toxicity in 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and supported L929 fibroblast cell spreading and proliferation. The biodegradation of the blend films was significantly faster than the pure silk film. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry     

Characteristic tryptic peptides and gelling properties of porcine skin gelatin affected by thermal action

Thermal action in extraction process had effects on characteristic tryptic peptides identification and gelling properties of porcine gelatin. SDS-PAGE, HPLC-LTQ/Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry, texture analyser and rheometer were used to evaluate collagen depolymerisation degree, characteristic tryptic peptides and gelling properties of gelatins prepared in various thermal actions. Results showed that with increasing temperature and time, depolymerisation degree enlarged, while gel strength, gelling and melting temperature decreased. Mass spectra showed that 47 and 49 common characteristic tryptic peptides were identified in gelatins extracted at 50 °C and 100 °C with various times, respectively. Moreover, 34 common characteristic tryptic peptides were identified in all gelatin samples. Further comparison between this work and our previous investigations yielded 20 common characteristic tryptic peptides, which stably exist in various thermal actions. These common characteristic tryptic peptides may be very helpful for the accurate authentication of porcine gelatin.     

Preparation and Characterization Analysis of Hydroxyapatite/ Gelatin Composite

1Introduction Scaffoldmaterialsplayaveryimportantroleintissue engineering,whichisaimedtoprovidereplacementsfor damagedorlosttissuesandorgans.Naturalbone,which formsinapre organizedbiopolymericmatrixthroughthe processofbiomineralization,exhibitsanexcellent…     

Reconstruction of Mandibular Defect with Porous β-TCP/BMG Artificial Bone

1Introduction Reconstructivesurgeryisoneofthehottestre searchedsubjectsthatdealingwithbonedefects.Thetra ditionalmethodisimplantationoffreshautograftbonebe causeofitsnon immunoreactiveproperty.Butautologousbonewasnotabundantinsomecases.Sowefoundbeta trica…     

明胶-异丙基丙烯酰胺水凝胶的溶胀性

以明胶和N -异丙基丙烯酰胺 (NIPAM )为原料 ,制备了明胶 -PNIPAM (聚N -异丙基丙烯酰胺 )水凝胶 ,研究不同的明胶 /NIPAM配比、温度、离子强度对其平衡溶胀度的影响。结果表明 :交联剂质量分数为 2 %时 ,当温度高于最低临界溶液温度 (LCST)值 ,水凝胶中明胶组分越多 ,凝胶的平衡吸水量越大 ;当温度低于LCST ,质量比为明胶 /NIPAM =5 /5 ,水凝胶的溶胀度最大。交联剂质量分数为 0 3%时 ,无论温度在LCST以上或以下 ,溶胀度都随明胶含量的增加而增加。离子强度对溶胀度的影响呈非单调性关系。     

超滤在明胶生产中的应用

本文研究了超滤在明胶生产中的应用,超滤作为初级浓缩是可行的。同时,对超滤设备、超滤膜与工艺条件作了讨论。     

明胶复合Co-Fe-O体纳米微粉的合成和特性

用微乳液法制备了明胶复合的纳米Co Fe O体。将明胶和亚铁盐以及钴盐制成凝胶,使该凝胶状反应物在微乳液的胶束中反应,再被还原-化合-成核长大。用XRD、TEM、SEM、EDS、IR等测试表明:微粉为明胶包裹的球形纳米微球。生成的微粒处于明胶蛋白分子的包裹之中,单个微粒的粒径3 3～4 6nm,每个复合微球中约有3～22个Co Fe O体粒子组成,微球的平均粒径为10～100nm,Co-Fe-O体复合微粉的比饱和磁化强度σs=1 532kAm-1·g-1;矫顽力Hc=18 4kAm-1;剩磁σr=322 5Am-1·g-1。     

硫氰酸钠法明胶改性腈纶的研究

采用丙烯腈对明胶接枝改性 ,然后与聚丙烯腈共混纺丝的方法 ,制备了明胶改性腈纶 ,研究了改性比 (明胶 /丙烯腈 ,质量比 )和明胶含量对明胶改性腈纶机械性能、吸湿保水性能的影响。研究结果表明 ,当改性比为 0 .7～ 2 .0 ,明胶含量不超过 5 .0 %时 ,改性腈纶具有良好的机械性能 (断裂强度大于 3 .1c N/dtex) ,可以满足后纺加工的需要 ;改性腈纶纤维亲水性能良好 ,随着改性比的减小、明胶含量的增加 ,其回潮率和保水率都逐渐增大。