合肥市即食肉类食品中金黄色葡萄球菌污染情况及耐药和基因型分布

目的调查合肥市即食肉类食品中金黄色葡萄球菌的污染情况,并对分离株进行耐药性分析及多位点序列分型研究。方法 2017年10月—2018年10月自合肥市区范围内的超市和开放型菜市场共采集744份即食型肉类食品样品。根据GB 4789.10—2016《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验金黄色葡萄球菌检验》中的方法对样品进行金黄色葡萄球菌定性和定量分析,采用K-B纸片扩散法检测分离株的耐药性,采用多位点序列分型法对分离株进行ST分型,使用MEGA 7.0绘制聚类树状图。结果样品中金黄色葡萄球菌检出率为4.2%(31/744),其中卤肉制品检出率最高为8.1%(15/185),其次为烤肉制品(6.3%,11/174),定量分析显示超过90%的样品金黄色葡萄球菌污染水平在0.3～10 MPN/g范围内。耐药性分析结果显示80.6%(25/31)的菌株对青霉素G耐药,40%以上的菌株对链霉素、红霉素和卡那霉素耐药;多重耐药菌株占比为61.3%(19/31)。分型分析共获得8个ST型,分别为ST6、ST7、ST15、ST59、ST72、ST188、ST398和ST2196型,其中以ST188和ST72型为主。结论合肥市卤肉和烤肉制品中存在金黄色葡萄球菌污染,且多重耐药菌株比例较高,对消费者的健康有潜在威胁,有必要持续监测污染率、菌株耐药和基因型流行趋势,完善合肥市食源性金黄色葡萄球菌感染的风险评估。     

Modified atmosphere packaging of fresh meats–sudden partial adaptation caused an increase in sustainability of dutch supply chains of fresh meats

In the past decade, a major transition evolved in the Dutch fresh meat industry with ramifications for the entire meat business. In 1995, more than 95% of all fresh meat products for consumers were either sold loose or packed in the traditional way, i.e. on a white styrofoam tray with stretch wrap. Almost a decade later, about half of the meat industry has adapted the modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) technology. Strikingly, the first trials with this technology had already been conducted in The Netherlands in 1964, but it took four decades for the technology to conquer the Dutch meat industry. This paper argued that the partial adaptation of MAP diminished the product losses in fresh meat sales and hence the environmental impact of meat production and consumption. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

酶联免疫法检测猪肉中的司帕沙星

为了建立一种检测猪肉中司帕沙星(SPFX)残留的方法,并且在检测时具有特异性高,背景低和无需样品预处理的特点.该研究制备了间接竞争性酶联免疫吸附剂和特异性抗司帕沙星单克隆抗体.结果表明,该抗体与氟甲喹(11.99％)、氟罗沙星(11.14％)、恩诺沙星(4.60％)、环丙沙星(0.31％)几乎没有交叉反应.该方法测定了...     

Physical measures of sensory texture in thawed sea scallop meat

An instrumental method of texture measurement for scallop (Placopecten magellanicus) meats after frozen storage has been developed to replace the sensory method. Non-destructive and destructive compressive forces at 50 and 80% deformation respectively and shear peak force gave significant correlation coefficients of 0.89, 0.78 and 0.82 respectively with sensory evaluation of the cooked meats. The coefficient of variation associated with the compression method was smaller, however, than with the shear method.     

ATP Metabolites During Aging of Exudative and Nonexudative Pork Meats

ABSTRACT: The content of nucleotide metabolites in the muscle L.dorsi from 9 exudative and 9 acceptable quality pork carcasses was determined during 7 d of aging in order to establish a period postmortem for detecting exudative meats. Hypoxanthine and inosine levels in exudative meats were different (p < 0.05) from those of normal meats up to 3 days of aging, while 5'-inosine monophosphate (IMP) and 5'-adenosine triphosphate (ATP) contents only differed during the 1st 4 and 6 h postmortem, respectively. The IMP/ATP ratio was only different (p < 0.05) at 2 h. Thus, 2 h postmortem is proposed as the optimal sampling time for the detection of exudative pork meats.     

A novel compound, 7,10-dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid from oleic acid by bioconversion

Sixty-two cultures from the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) Culture Collection and 10 cultures isolated from soil and water samples in Illinois were screened for their ability to convert agricultural oils to value-added industrial chemicals. A new compound, 7,10-dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid (DOD), was produced from oleic acid at a yield of greater than 60% by bacterial strain PR3 which was isolated from a water sample in Morton, IL. To our knowledge, DOD has not been previously reported. The optimum time, pH and temperature for the production of DOD were 2 days, 7.0, and 30°C, respectively. The production of DOD is unique in that it involves hydroxylation at two positions and rearrangement of the double bond of the substrate molecule.     

Fluorometric Peroxygenase Assay for Lipid Hydroperoxides in Meats and Fish

A fluorometric assay for lipid hydroperoxide in meats and fish was developed using pea peroxygenase, a hydroperoxide-dependent hy-droxylase. The freeze-dried microsome fraction of germinating pea seed was used as a peroxygenase source. Linear relationships between the hydroperoxide added (25 to 150 nmol) and fluorescence were observed with methyl linoleate hydroperoxide, linoleic acid hydroperoxide, triglyceride hydroperoxide, and phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide. α-Tocopherol at levels equivalent to those in meats and fish did not affect the peroxygenase reaction. The assay was specific for hydroperoxides. The method enables determination of total lipid hy droperoxides in sample homogenates without extracting total lipids from retail meats and fish.