Gloss Properties and Surface Morphology Relationships of Fruits

Eggplants exhibited a higher average gloss reading (15.3 Gloss Units (GU)) than mature green tomatoes (12.0 GU) and apples (8.2 GU) using a flat surface glossmeter. The same trend was observed using a novel curved surface glossmeter. Scanning electron micrographs revealed that epicuticular wax covering eggplants had a smoother structure than that of tomatoes and apples, providing a more effective light scattering surface. Wax removal resulted in decreases in gloss, with average readings of 9.5, 7.4 and 6.3 GU for eggplants, tomatoes and apples, respectively. These results indicate the extent to which wax may influence shininess, although roughness measurements of flattened peel after wax removal suggest that surface topography also influences gloss.     

高耐水高光泽苯丙乳液研究

采用反应型乳化剂AMPS及常规乳化剂合成了一种高耐水高光泽苯丙乳液。讨论了合成工艺、引发剂、乳化剂、AMPS等对乳液的影响。乳液中乳化剂含量 0 .9% (占单体 ) ,耐水性 14 4h不变白。     

S7-1200利用高速脉冲输出方式实现打印

本文介绍SIEMENS S7-1200利用高数脉冲（Pulse Train Output,PTO）功能与MCU进行通讯的方法,具体介绍其中的一个应用：用PTO实现S7-1200的字符打印输出。     

冷轧处理线卷取机带头定位精度的改进

针对采用带头与卷取机芯轴橡胶套筒定位区动态接触的传统自动定位技术控制效果不好而带来带头印缺陷的问题，对其产生原因进行了分析，这是因为不同规格、钢种带钢的工艺参数不同，带钢穿带过程中在传送辊上的打滑量不同，在传输通道上的下垂量不同，带头到达卷取机芯轴定位区时计算带头位置与实际带头位置存在不稳定的偏差，因此带头定位精度不稳定。为此，开发了双动态自动定位技术，穿带过程中预留了足够的带钢打滑及下垂富余量，且带头与定位区中心线在助卷皮带咬入口静止状态下接触，消除了影响带头定位精度的主要因素，带头定位精度能稳定在±15 mm的误差范围内。实际应用效果表明，该方法可行、实用。     

Ambient‐cured polyesteramide‐based anticorrosive coatings from linseed oil—A sustainable resource

Ambient‐cured polyesteramide (APEA) coating resin synthesized from dihydroxy fatty amide obtained from linseed oil, a sustainable resource, and poly(styrene‐co‐maleic anhydride), a bifunctional acid component, was found to exhibit improved physicomechanical and anticorrosive properties. The structural elucidation of APEA resin has been carried out by FTIR, ¹H‐NMR, and ¹³C‐NMR spectroscopies. The physicomechanical and chemical resistance properties were investigated by standard methods. The corrosion resistance performance was evaluated in acid, alkali, and organic solvent. The thermal behavior was studied by TGA technique. A comparative study of these properties of APEA with reported baked polyesteramide (PEA) coatings was carried out. A remarkable improvement in the drying property of APEA was observed. The APEA coatings also showed improved physicomechanical and anticorrosive properties as compared to the baked PEA coatings. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 1818–1824, 2005     

基于Delphi的“虚拟胶片打印系统”的技术实现

利用Delphi和VS这两种开发平台,结合Oracle数据库,实现胶片排版、胶片调整、虚拟打印,自助打印、系统管理等功能。重点介绍了系统开发过程中针对特殊问题采用的几种技术。目的是完成胶片的集中打印管理,胶片存储备份,减少开支。     

丙烯酸酯聚氨酯/SiO2纳米复合涂层结构与形态对其耐刮伤性影响研究

以四乙氧基硅烷(TEOS)作为主要前驱体,通过改变溶胶-凝胶工艺参数制得了结构和形态各异的丙烯酸酯聚氨酯/SiO2纳米复合涂层,利用TEM、SAXS等手段表征涂层的结构与形态,由洗刷前后涂层的失光率来表征耐刮伤性,详细探讨了纳米复合涂层耐刮伤性与SiO2相特征、有机无机相作用力及SiO2质量分数之间的关系。研究表明:丙烯酸酯聚氨酯涂层中引入纳米SiO2相后,耐刮伤性明显提高。有机相与SiO2相之间的作用力是影响涂层耐刮伤性的最重要因素,作用力越强,耐刮伤性越好。网络状纳米SiO2与颗粒状纳米SiO2相比,更有利于耐刮伤性的提高,且网络状纳米SiO2质量分数越大,耐刮伤性越佳,但SiO2相的致密度和尺寸对耐刮伤性影响较小。对于颗粒状胶体SiO2,在15~160 nm范围内,粒径对耐刮伤性没有明显影响;随着胶体SiO2粒子的质量分数增加,耐刮伤性先增大后减小。     

Wrinkling of epoxy powder coatings

Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and mechanical profilometry were used to study wrinkle formation in curing epoxy powder coatings. Powder coating formulations were studied that contained solid epoxy resins, methylene disalicylic acid (MDSA) crosslinker, and an amine‐blocked Lewis acid catalyst. Both the crosslinker (MDSA) and the amine‐blocked catalyst are required for wrinkle formation. Evaporation of the blocking amine from the free surface of the coating generated a depthwise gradient in the extent of polymerization and crosslinking, and hence in the degree of solidification, as evidenced by the formation of a mechanical skin prior to wrinkling. It is hypothesized that compressive elastic stress develops in the still swellable skin when unreacted low‐molecular‐weight material from beneath diffuses up into the monomer‐ or oligomer‐depleted crosslinking skin and swells it. This compressive stress, if above a critical value, buckles the skin to produce wrinkles. Experimentally observed compositional requirements for wrinkle formation were consistent with the proposed mechanism. The size of the wrinkles can be controlled by varying formulation parameters such as the amount of catalyst or crosslinker. Increasing the amount of catalyst decreased both the wavelength and the amplitude of the wrinkle pattern. Increasing the amount of crosslinker initially increased the amplitude of the wrinkles; after reaching a maximum level, the wrinkle amplitude decreased. DSC was a useful tool to understand the critical reactions responsible for wrinkling in this system. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 116–129, 2005     

A comprehensive study on the droplet formation processes and its influencing factors of a tubular piezoelectric print head

Abstract

Various inks with different properties are widely used in the printed electronic industry. In order to obtain high quality inkjet printing, it is necessary to study the droplet formation process and its influencing factors comprehensively. Only in this way, the incentive conditions and liquid physical parameters of droplet ejection can be obtained and optimized. Firstly, the calculation model of the droplet ejection process is established for a tubular print head and the boundary conditions are set according to the driving characteristics. Secondly, the free surface flow is calculated in the simulation software and sequential pictures of the droplet formation processes are captured to validate the availability of the numerical algorithm. Finally, the droplet formation processes of the tubular piezoelectric print head are simulated under different incentive conditions, different viscosities and different surface tensions. Too small a driving energy is insufficient to cause the head to eject droplets. Excessive excitation energy will result in larger or multiple satellite droplets. Additionally, the thinning process of the liquid neck is examined carefully in this paper. Results show that surface tension and viscosity have a significant effect on the thinning speed of the liquid neck, but the effect is not as significant as previous studies.     

基于3D打印的定制脊柱侧弯矫形器设计制造与舒适度评价

针对青少年脊柱侧弯矫正问题,研制一款由3D打印制成的脊柱侧弯矫形器并做出舒适度评价.该方法依据色努矫形原理,建立脊柱侧弯矫形器三维模型,并考虑躯干约束对矫形器进行了有限元仿真分析和结构优化,最后进行模型的分块和3D打印,分析精度误差.依据模糊理论和层次分析法,建立了包括环境、材料、结构、运动4个方面的主观舒适度评价方法.结果表明:3D打印技术可实现定制脊柱侧弯矫形器的制造与生产,并在几何精度和穿戴舒适性上表现良好.