Wind energy resource assessment for five locations in Saudi Arabia

The analysis of recently collected wind data at five sites in Saudi Arabia namely, Dhulum, Arar, Yanbu, Gassim and Dhahran is presented. The five sites represent different geographically and climatologically conditions. The data collected over a period spanned between 1995 and 2002 with different collection periods for each site. Daily, monthly and frequency profiles of the wind speed at the sites showed that Dhulum and Arar sites have higher wind energy potential with annual wind speed average of 5.7 and 5.4 m/s and speeds higher than 5 m/s for 60 and 47% of the time, respectively. The two sites are candidates for remote area wind energy applications. The costal site's, i.e. Yanbu and Dhahran wind speed data indicated that the two sites have lower annual wind speed averages and wind blows at speed higher than 5 m/s during afternoon hours. That makes the two sites candidates for grid connected wind systems for electrical load peak shaving. The data of Gassim site showed that the site has the lowest wind energy potential compared to the others. The annual energy produced by a Nordex N43 wind machine is estimated to be 1080, 990, 730, 454 and 833 MWh for Dhulum, Arar, Yanbu, Gassim and Dhahran, respectively. The analysis showed that the estimated annual energy produced by the machine based on 10 min averaged data is 2.5% higher than the estimated energy based on 30 min averaged data.     

应用分子蒸馏技术分离提纯玫瑰精油

应用刮膜式分子蒸馏装置对玫瑰精油的提纯进行了研究。考察了进料速率、进料温度、蒸发温度和刮膜器转速等因素对玫瑰精油分离效果的影响。通过试验,初步得到了工艺参数的范围:进料速率为50~70 mL/h,进料温度为53~60℃,蒸发温度Ⅰ为100~108℃,蒸发温度Ⅱ为120~130℃,操作压力1.5 Pa,刮膜器转速150~160r/m in,得到的玫瑰精油产品的纯度在86%以上,分离过程总收率大于60%,并为今后工艺参数优化奠定了基础。     

虎红定量光度法测定乳糖酸阿奇霉素

基于乳糖酸阿奇霉素与虎红形成离子缔合物,该离子缔合物的最大吸收在波长560nm处,此处其吸光度与质量浓度呈现线性关系,提出了一种测定乳糖酸阿奇霉素的定量光度法。详细研究了该显色反应的各种影响条件,在条件优化基础上建立了乳糖酸阿奇霉素的测定方法,结果表明乳糖酸阿奇霉素质量浓度的线性范围在5.0~25.0g·L-1之间。所拟方法成功地应用于乳糖酸阿奇霉素注射剂的测定。     

Natural Plant Materials as Dielectric Layer for Highly Sensitive Flexible Electronic Skin

Nature has long offered human beings with useful materials. Herein, plant materials including flowers and leaves have been directly used as the dielectric material in flexible capacitive electronic skin (e‐skin), which simply consists of a dried flower petal or leaf sandwiched by two flexible electrodes. The plant material is a 3D cell wall network which plays like a compressible metamaterial that elastically collapses upon pressing plus some specific surface structures, and thus the device can sensitively respond to pressure. The device works over a broad‐pressure range from 0.6 Pa to 115 kPa with a maximum sensitivity of 1.54 kPa^?1, and shows high stability over 5000 cyclic pressings or bends. The natural‐material‐based e‐skin has been applied in touch sensing, motion monitoring, gas flow detection, and the spatial distribution of pressure. As the foam‐like structure is ubiquitous in plants, a general strategy for a green, cost‐effective, and scalable approach to make flexible e‐skins is offered here.     

应用于碱性土壤上重金属污染的超积累植物种植研究

以调查区的严格管控区土壤为研究对象,挑选了酸模、龙葵、月季、金盏菊、万寿菊、油牡丹、凤仙花7种植物进行了大田试验,考察超积累植物对土壤中Cd、Pb富集的影响。结果表明,不同植物体内或同种植物体内各部位重金属的含量存在较大差异;酸模、金盏菊、龙葵、月季地上部分重金属含量明显高于地下部分,说明重金属在这几种植物的茎叶里积累较多。金盏菊、凤仙花、万寿菊、龙葵对Cd的富集较强,有利于修复Cd污染的土壤。除凤仙花外,其他6种植物对Cd的转运系数均大于1,对Cd的转移能力由强到弱的顺序依次为酸模、金盏菊,龙葵、油牡丹、月季、万寿菊。就单株而言,积累生物量从大到小依次是酸模、金盏菊、万寿菊、月季;就每亩而言,积累生物量从大到小依次是金盏菊、酸模、月季、万寿菊。综合植物对重金属的富集系数、植物自身的转运系数、整株生物量以及植物的经济价值等考量,万寿菊、金盏菊、月季在修复土壤重金属污染的同时还可兼顾提升经济效益,酸模作为有效降低Cd、Pb含量的重金属修复植物,可推广应用于碱性耕地的重金属污染修复。综上所述,从植物对重金属的富集系数、植物自身的转运系数、整株生物量以及植物的经济价值等综合考量,万寿菊、金盏菊、月季作为修复土壤重金属污染的同时兼顾提升经济,酸模作为有效降低Cd、Pb含量的重金属修复植物,可推广应用于碱性耕地的重金属污染修复。     

双波长褪色分光光度法测定盐酸美西律

建立了一种快速、灵敏测定药物中盐酸美西律的双波长分光光度法.在弱碱性溶液中,虎红与盐酸美西律反应生成离子缔合物,使溶液发生褪色现象,光谱曲线上呈现2个较强的负吸收峰,它们分别位于472和560 nm,在此2个波长处,盐酸美西律的线性范围为0.04～2.6 mg/L,表观摩尔吸光系数(κ)分别为5.87×10(472 n...     

玫瑰花露酒的研制

本试验以食用玫瑰为主要原料,以食用酒精为酒基,经过酒精的处理,浸提,调配等过程,开发出芳香四溢的玫瑰露酒.试验结果表明:产品配比为酒精度20V/V,糖10%,柠檬酸0.2%时,质量最佳.     

超声波辅助乙醇提取法提取玫瑰色素

采用玫瑰花提油后的花渣提取玫瑰色素,通过单因素试验和正交试验,确定超声波辅助乙醇提取法提取玫瑰色素的最佳条件为乙醇溶液浓度65%(V/V),pH 1,料液比1∶20(m∶V),提取温度70℃,超声波功率400 W,超声提取时间120min,该条件下色素的吸光值最大。     

缓释型食用玫瑰香精微胶囊的制备

用包结络合法以β-环糊精为壁材,对玫瑰香精进行微胶囊化,赋予其缓释性,采用正交试验获得了最佳包结条件为:β-CD与玫瑰香精的质量比为10∶3、包结的温度为50℃、水溶液中壁材的质量分数w(β-CD)%为15%、体系pH值为7,在此包结条件下,可得包埋率较高的香精微胶囊。通过热重分析测试了玫瑰香精微胶囊的包埋率,用热分析法分析了香精微胶囊的缓释性,并同传统的恒温热失重法作了比较,两种测试方法所得结果一致。利用红外光谱对β-环糊精—玫瑰香精微胶囊进行了表征。