嵌入式实时操作系统内核混合代码的自动化验证框架

"如何构造高可信的软件系统"已成为学术界和工业界的研究热点.操作系统内核作为软件系统的基础组件，它的安全可靠是构造高可信软件系统的重要环节.为了确保操作系统内核的安全可靠，将形式化方法引入到操作系统内核验证中，提出了一个自动化验证操作系统内核的框架.该验证框架包括：（1）分别对C语言程序和混合语言程序（C语言和汇编语言）进行验证；（2）在混合语言程序验证中，为汇编程序建立抽象模型，并将C语言程序和抽象模型粘合形成基于C语言验证工具可接收的验证模型；（3）从规范中提取性质，基于该自动验证工具，对性质完成自动验证；（4）该框架不限于特定的硬件架构.成功地运用该验证框架对两种不同硬件平台的嵌入式实时操作系统内核μC/OS-II进行了验证.结果显示：利用该框架在对两个不同的硬件平台上内核验证时，框架的可重复利用率很高，高达到88%，虽然其抽象模型需要根据不同的硬件平台进行重构.在对基于这两种平台的操作系统内核验证中，分别发现了10~12处缺陷.其中，在ARM平台上两处与硬件相关的问题被发现.实验表明，该方法对不同硬件平台的同一个操作系统分析验证具有一定的通用性.     

注射充模过程的压力求解方法及其比较

提出了一个LU局部分解方法来求解注射充模过程的压力方程,并与其他迭代方法进行了比较。LU局部分解法是当矩阵在逐渐变大时,保留已经分解的部分,只对新增加的部分进行分解,因此相当于只对最后的稀疏矩阵进行了分解。计算表明,LU局部分解法比预条件共轭梯度法快大约1个量级,而预条件共轭梯度方法又比超松弛迭代法快大约1个量级。     

Interaction of a shock pulse with a contact discontinuity

Passing of a triangular moderate-intensity pulse through a constant discontinuity is considered. Decay of the shock wave that passed into the second gas is analyzed. Damping of the detonation wave after burnout of the combustible mixture is discussed. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 43, No. 4, pp. 102–107, July–August, 2007.     

An algorithm and observability research of autonomous navigation and joint attitude determination in asteroid exploration descent stage

In this paper, an autonomous relative navigation and joint attitude determination algorithm in asteroid exploration descent stage is researched based on feature point information of perpendicular asteroid surface image observed by optical navigation camera, distance vectors from spacecraft to asteroid measured by three angled installed lidars and relative velocity increment measured by accelerometer when the relative distance vector to the centroid of asteroid can not be obtained. The inertial attitude of spacecraft is determined by sun vector, star vectors and inertial angular velocity respectively measured by sun sensor, star trackers and inertial reference unit. Also, in order to obtain measurement error model transferred from sensor noise, a covariance matrix solver considering error correlation is presented via the error model of normalized vector to first order. Numerical simulation and improved observability evaluation of filtering are undertaken to discuss the results of complete sensor observation and weak observation of lidars, and verify the effectiveness of the presented relative navigation and attitude determination algorithm.     

利用EXCEL工具率定典型流量数学模型方法探讨

介绍EXCEL【规划求解】功能拟合流量数学模型的操作方法和步骤,并与EXCEL内置图形函数拟合的流量数学模型进行对比分析,说明该功能拟合流量数学模型的优越性。分别以天然河道、水库堰闸、水电站实测流量系列资料为实例,应用该功能拟合不同类型的流量数学模型,结果表明【规划求解】功能拟合流量数学模型均能满足水文资料整编规范要求。     

基于动态符号执行的C代码缓冲区溢出检测

缓冲区溢出是C程序中众多安全隐患的根源之一,以C程序代码为目标对象,提出了一个基于底层虚拟机中间代码的缓冲区溢出检测工具PathChecker.该工具基于动态符号执行方法,使用无量词谓词公式刻画缓冲区操作的安全性质,并利用可满足模型理论求解器技术检验缓冲区操作的安全性.实验结果表明,该工具能有效检测C代码中的缓冲区溢出漏洞,且易于推广至其他高级程序语言代码和其他类型安全漏洞的检测.     

特征线坐标系下柱对称超音速流膨胀波计算方法研究

在静压圆盘止推气体轴承柱对称超音速流膨胀波系的计算中,借鉴Liepmann的特征线坐标系与自然坐标系变换理论和Liepmann引入两个黎曼不变量的方法,使得边界条件的处理更为直观和简便。采用特征线坐标系下的特征线法,推导计算该膨胀波系所用到的基本计算公式,将其应用于 P-M 流动并与 P-M 流动理论解进行比较。结果表明,数值计算结果与P-M流动理论解吻合,该计算方法可行。     

Total-FETI domain decomposition method for solution of elasto-plastic problems

In this paper we present an algorithm for the parallel solution of the rate-independent elasto-plastic problems with kinematic hardening. We assume the von Mises plastic criterion and the associated plastic flow rule. The time discretization is based on the implicit Euler method. The corresponding one-time-step problem is formulated in the incremental form with respect to the unknown displacement and discretized spatially by the finite element method. We use an ‘external’ algorithm based on a linearization of the elasto-plastic stress–strain relation by the corresponding tangential operator and we parallelize the arising linearized problem by the Total-FETI method. The numerical experiments were carried out using our novel C/C++ library FLLOP (FETI Light Layer On top of PETSc) at HECToR supercomputer located at EPCC, UK.     

基于硬件可编程逻辑的SAT求解算法研究与进展

布尔可满足性SAT问题作为第一个被证明的NP完全问题,是计算机理论与应用的核心问题,有着重要的应用价值,因此近年来涌现了各种各样SAT求解器。但是,SAT求解器的运算效率始终是影响其应用的关键因素,所以利用硬件的高性能与并行性来加速SAT求解过程已成为验证领域的一个研究热点。归纳总结了在SAT求解过程中,利用硬件现场可编程门逻辑FPGA的并行性和灵活性加速求解过程的各种算法研究,着重总结分析了应用型SAT求解器的加速策略。通过对各种方法的深入分析,指出它们的优缺点,为未来的研究提供了思路。     

Accurate evaluation of Green’s functions in a layered medium by SDP-FLAM

Based on local Taylor expansions on the complex plane, a method for fast locating all modes (FLAM) of spectral-domain Green’s Functions in a planar layered medium is developed in this paper. SDP-FLAM, a combination of FLAM with the steepest descent path algorithm (SDP), is employed to accurately evaluate the spatial-domain Green’s functions in a layered medium. According to the theory of complex analysis, the relationship among the poles, branch points and Riemann sheets is also analyzed rigorously. To inverse the Green’s functions from spectral to spatial domain, SDP-FLAM method and discrete complex image method (DCIM) are applied to the non-near field region and the near filed region, respectively. The significant advantage of SDP-FLAM lies in its capability of calculating Green’s functions in a layered medium of moderate thickness with loss or without loss. Some numerical examples are presented to validate SDP-FLAM method. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60621002), and the State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China (Grant No. 2009CB320200)