亚热带地区地铁环控系统的工程实践和理论探讨

亚热带地区修建地铁，必须解决环境控制空调能耗大的难题。根据广州地区的气候特点和地铁建设工程实践，广州地铁研究建立了适合亚热带地区的地铁环境控制系统——应用站台屏蔽门的节能型环控系统，为低纬度地区的地铁建设提供了可持续发展的思路。     

绿色建筑形态模式设计方法初探--东莞莞城英文实验学校

结合东莞莞城英文实验学校的设计．尝试探讨在亚热带气候条件下绿色建筑形态模式的设计方法．即遵循生态技术规律，在此基础上研究建筑的艺术表现,使生态技术与建筑艺术达到统一。     

Impacts of the MJO on Winter Rainfall and Circulation in China

T Impacts of the MJO on winter rainfall and circulation in China are investigated using a real-time multivariate MJO index. Composite results using the daily rainfall anomalies and "rainy day" anomalies according to eight different MJO phases show that the MJO has considerable influence on winter rainfall in China. Rainfall anomalies show systematic and substantial changes (enhanced/suppressed) in the Yangtze River Basin and South China with the eastward propagation of the MJO convective center from the Indian Ocean to the western Pacific. When the MJO is in phase 2 and 3 (MJO convective center is located over the Indian Ocean), rainfall probability is significantly enhanced. While in phase 6 and 7 (MJO convective center is over the western Pacific), rainfall probability is significantly reduced. MJO in winter influences the rainfall in China mainly through modulating the circulation in the subtropics and mid-high latitudes. For the subtropics, MJO influences the northward moisture transport coming from the Bay of Bengal and the South China Sea by modulating the southern trough of the Bay of Bengal and the western Pacific subtropical high. For the mid-high latitudes, the propagation of the low frequency perturbations associated with the eastward-propagating MJO convection modulate the circulation in the mid-high latitudes, e.g. the East Asian winter monsoon and the low trough over central Asia.     

Nitrogen use and losses in agriculture in subtropical Australia

This review examines the use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer on sugar-cane, summer and winter grain crops, cotton, tropical fruit crops and pastoral areas in the four subtropical zones in eastern Australia. The pathways for N loss from the various crops grown in these zones are also examined and estimates of N loss given.Sugar-cane is the most important crop grown in the subtropical humid northern and southern zones, using 77% of all N fertilizer applied in 1988–89. Urea is the most widely used form of N fertilizer with about 50% of the applied N often lost via ammonia volatilization, denitrification and leaching. Losses of N via ammonia volatilization can be reduced by either irrigating after application, applying urea in subsurface bands or delaying application until after canopy development. Denitrification losses of 20% of applied N have been measured on clay soils in sugar- cane areas while leaching losses may occur by movement of solutes down preferential pathways (e.g. soil fauna, root channels and structural weaknesses in the soil profile). Tropical fruit crops also make a significant contribution to the economy of the humid northern and southern zones. The livestock industry is well established in the subtropical northern zones, with beef and dairy production relying on leguminous as well as N fertilized pastures. Urea is again the most widely used form of N and is susceptible to large losses via ammonia volatilization. Over a 12 month period, losses of between 9% and 42% of the N applied were recorded from a subtropical pasture.Wheat is the major winter crop of the sub-humid northern and southern zones with grain sorghum the main summer crop. Urea is the principal form of N fertilizer applied to both crops and is essential for increasing or maintaining economic yields from both regions. This decrease in soil fertility in grain producing areas is due mainly to a decrease in the amount of soil organic matter available for mineralization. Cotton is another major crop of both areas and relies heavily on N fertilizer application. Nitrogen fertilizer losses have been recorded from all cropping areas, although nitrification inhibitors such as wax coated calcium carbide and 2-ethynylpyridine have reduced denitrification losses from soils growing wheat and cotton respectively.Subtropical agriculture relies heavily on N fertilizer, principally urea, to maintain and increase crop yields. Losses of N from soils sown to crops and from native and sown pasture occur although management practices are being developed to help minimize this loss.     

不同降雨强度对亚热带水源水库浮游植物群落结构的影响及其驱动因子

为了解降雨事件对亚热带水库浮游植物群落结构的影响,于2022年5月和6月分别在两次不同强度降雨期间进行浮游植物采集调查。结合浮游植物门分类和功能群分类方法,运用非度量多维尺度分析（NMDS）探究两次降雨以及降雨前后浮游植物群落的差异性,并采用冗余分析（RDA）和方差分析（VPA）探明浮游植物群落结构演替的驱动因子。结果表明：共检出浮游植物8门69属125种,功能群划分为11种,其中S1、SN、MP和N为主要功能群。降雨Ⅰ和降雨Ⅱ前后浮游植物群落结构均发生了变化：降雨Ⅰ期间由蓝藻向硅藻演替,且雨期硅藻占优;降雨Ⅱ期间由蓝藻向硅藻和绿藻轻微演替,但蓝藻始终处于绝对优势地位。雨期功能群SN和S1丰度百分比减小,而MP或N丰度百分比增大,与蓝藻向硅藻或绿藻演替的变化特征一致。冗余分析和方差分析表明,混合层深度（Z_mix）、水温和营养盐共同驱动了浮游植物群落的演替,且门分类比功能群分类能更好地解释浮游植物群落变化。本文可为降雨条件下浮游植物的响应机制研究提供参考。     

公共建筑能耗总量和强度核算模型与分析——以珠三角九市为例

公共建筑在我国双碳“双控”计划中占有重要地位,其能耗核算方法具有一定个性。针对亚热带地区公共建筑能耗特点,以电力数据为主要依据,结合回归分析等数据分析方法,构建城市级公共建筑能耗计量模型（CPECM）,计算珠三角2000~2019年的公建能耗总量和强度并分析其变化特点。结果显示,珠三角公建能耗总量持续增长,观察期内增量约为3482.91万tce,能耗强度从2007年达峰后开始呈现平稳和下降的趋势,年均降速约为3.82%。对比香港,珠三角城市能耗强度偏高,节能潜力大。研究结果可为我国亚热带公共建筑能耗核算提供一种新思路并为珠三角节能政策的制定提供客观数据支持。     

热带、亚热带近海设施生物污损特点与研究展望

生物污损现象会严重影响海洋设施的安全与使用寿命,对涉海经济活动产生极大危害。在热带和亚热带海区,引发生物污损的种类主要为牡蛎和藤壶,其次是珊瑚和水螅。今后的研究应着重于弄清大型污损生物对腐蚀的影响,建立污损生物数学生态模型,开展海洋恢复生态学研究工作。     

亚热带地区应用于卧室的房间空调器的制冷量分析

亚热带地区,房间空调器广泛应用于卧室夜间睡眠环境。目前人们在选择卧室的空调器制冷量时通常是套用一些空调日间应用的经验数据。本文提出了应用于卧室的房间空调器的制冷量的确定方法,即根据卧室夜间峰值负荷的70%~80%来确定房间空调器的制冷量,可使空调器高效运行且保证室内人员的舒适。     

使建筑融入自然与地域的气候环境——浅析台湾地区绿色建筑实践对闽南地区绿色建筑发展的启示

该文从生态角度出发,提出了使建筑融入自然与地域的气候环境的建筑设计理念,分析了台湾地区开展的绿建筑推广运动对同为南亚热带气候区的闽南地区绿色建筑发展的启示.