太赫兹超表面计算全息

全息术是一种三维成像技术,它已经被应用于多种实际场景。随着计算机科学与技术的迅猛发展,计算全息由于其方便和灵活的特性,已经成为一种广泛应用的全息成像方法。本文回顾了我们近期基于超表面的太赫兹计算全息研究进展。其中,作为全息板的超表面展示出了超越传统光学器件的独特性能。首先,利用超表面实现了对于全息板每个像素的相位振幅同时且独立的调控,进而实现了高质量全息成像。这种新的电磁波操控能力也带来了新的全息成像效果,如利用介质超表面实现了全息像沿传播方向上的连续变化。其次,对超表面在不同偏振态下的响应进行设计,分别实现了线偏振态与频率复用、圆偏振态复用、以及基于表面波的偏振复用超表面全息术。此外,本文提出了依赖于温度变化而主动可控的超表面全息术,为今后计算全息术的设计与实现提供了新的方案,也推动了超表面在实际应用方面的发展。     

Novel ultra‐compact two‐dimensional waveguide‐based metasurface for electromagnetic coupling reduction of microstrip antenna array

A novel ultracompact two‐dimensional (2D) waveguide‐based metasurface is proposed herein and applied for the first time to reduce mutual coupling in antenna array for multiple‐input multiple‐output applications. The unit cell of the proposed 2D waveguide‐based metasurface is ultracompact (8.6 mm × 4.8 mm, equal to λ₀/14.2 × λ₀/25.5) mainly due to the symmetrical spiral lines etched on the ground. The metasurface exhibits a bandgap with two transmission zeros attributing to the negative permeability in the vicinity of magnetic resonance and the negative permittivity in the vicinity of electric resonance. Taking advantage of these two features, a microstrip antenna array is then designed, fabricated, and measured by embedding an 8 × 1 array of the well‐engineered 2D waveguide‐based metasurface elements between two closely spaced (9.2 mm, equal to λ₀/13.3) H‐plane coupled rectangular patches. There is good agreement between the simulated and measured results, indicating that the metasurface effectively reduces antenna mutual coupling by more than 11.18 dB and improves forward gain. The proposed compact structure has one of the highest reported decoupling efficiencies among similar periodic structures with comparable dimensions. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 25:789–794, 2015.     

基于石墨烯超表面天线的太赫兹动态相位调控及波束扫描

太赫兹波频段介于毫米波和红外光之间,具有诸多优异特性,太赫兹天线更是太赫兹通信、雷达和成像等应用系统中的核心元器件。然而,目前报道的太赫兹天线均无法满足较大动态范围的相位扫描、高效率辐射和大偏转角度的需求。该文设计了 3 种石墨烯太赫兹天线,最小尺寸为 5 μm,并对其辐射效率和相位调控特性进行研究,进而提出具有双共振模式的石墨烯-金属太赫兹超表面天线,缓解了传统的基于单共振模式的相位动态调控范围和辐射效率之间的矛盾,实现了 0～360°的动态相位调控,且辐射效率高于 20%。该研究采用微加工工艺进行样品加工,通过改变栅极电压,在实验上获得了 1.03 THz 的太赫兹动态相位调控,反射率高于 23%,与仿真结果基本吻合。在此基础上,该文基于连续相位编码设计了石墨烯超表面相控阵天线,理论上实现了太赫兹波束在－25°～25°范围内的实时波束偏转。该文为解决超表面相控阵天线的相位动态调控范围小、辐射效率低等难题提供了新的研究思路。     

A high gain wideband circularly polarized antenna with asymmetric metasurface

An asymmetric‐metasurface based wideband circularly polarized (CP) microstrip antenna using a coaxial probe is proposed for L‐band applications. The antenna involves a stacked asymmetric‐metasurface, a radiating rectangular‐patch and a coaxial feed. An asymmetric‐metasurface is designed using rectangular unit cells and smaller size unit cells along one of the diagonal lines. The asymmetric‐metasurface is placed above a radiating rectangular‐patch with support of foam layer to achieve a wideband CP radiation. The measured performance of the prototype antenna achieves an impedance bandwidth (?10 dB return loss bandwidth) of 15.7% (1.58‐1.85 GHz) with CP bandwidth (3‐dB axial ratio) of 13% (1.58‐1.80 GHz) and gain of ≥9 dBic.     

波导型能量选择电磁防护器件设计与实现

提出了一种用于矩形波导的波导型能量选择电磁防护器件.该器件在波导内壁加装了加载PIN二极管单元的超表面阵列,可根据波导内电磁波场强大小自适应切换加载二极管单元的状态,实现基于波导传输功率的传输特性变化.为验证可行性和器件性能,本文基于WR430波导进行了器件设计和实现.仿真和测试结果表明,当入射波功率低于25 dBm时...     

石墨烯动态调控太赫兹泄漏波的研究

设计了一种基于石墨烯动态调控太赫兹泄漏波的调制器件。通过调节石墨烯费米能级的大小,改变了金属-介质-石墨烯(MIG)超表面结构的共振响应,从而达到调控太赫兹泄漏波的功能。仿真结果表明:随着石墨烯费米能级从10 meV到60 meV和介质层厚度从20μm到200μm的变化,通过优化电控石墨烯MIG结构最终实现了35 GHz的频率扫描范围,并伴有电磁响应状态从过阻尼至欠阻尼的转变;在过阻尼状态下结构的电磁响应仅存在共振吸收而在欠阻尼状态下具有类电磁诱导透明现象,使具有这种显著变化特征的电控石墨烯MIG结构可应用于高灵敏的生物检测中。本器件具有构型简单、调控方便的特点,在生物分子和材料折射率检测等方面具有广泛的应用前景。     

An efficient method of generating vortex electromagnetic wave based on double‐layer transmissive metasurface

A broadband double‐layer transmissive metasurface (TMS) for effective generate vortex electromagnetic wave is presented in this paper. The proposed TMS consists of two types of elements. The first element is composed of a multi‐resonant dipole and four metal vias. The metal vias increase the coupling strength between the upper and lower layers to improve transmission efficiency. On the basis of the first element, the second element adds stubs to ensure sufficient phase shift. The far‐field cross polarisation is eliminated by special element arrangement. Then, a centre‐fed linear polarisation TMS is designed to generate orbital angular momentum beams with mode l = ? 1. The proposed TMS is designed, manufactured and measured to verify the proposed design. The measured results indicate that a maximum gain of 20.8 dBi and narrow divergence angle of ±5° are achieved at 18 GHz. Furthermore, mode purity is higher than 86.1% within the 17 to 19 GHz band. The proposed double‐layer TMS saved costs, reduced weight and without assembly error is a good candidate for OAM generator.     

Metasurface based pattern reconfigurable antenna for 2.45 GHz ISM band applications

In this article, a Z‐shaped antenna is designed for 2.45 GHz ISM band applications. The proposed antenna is surrounded by metasurface‐based unit cells. The unit cells are designed to reflect for the proposed frequency. Each of this unit cells are activated with the help of a diode. Unit cell is considered active by switching on the diode of respective unit cell. According to the activation of unit cell the pattern of the antenna will be reconfigured. The 2.45 GHz ISM band pattern reconfigurable microstrip antenna is presented. The radiation pattern of the antenna can be steered toward a desired direction by activating appropriate metasurface unit cell, minimizing the interference and optimizing medium usage. The proposed antenna performance is presented with the help of reflection coefficient and the pattern steerable capability by activating metasurface unit cells. The proposed antenna is having azimuth‐pattern reconfigurable capability around 360°.     

Digital Nonlinear Metasurface with Customizable Nonreciprocity

Recently, investigation of metasurface has been extended to nonreciprocity through breaking time‐reversal symmetry. Among a number of magnetless strategies, nonlinearity is an important nonreciprocal principle amenable to the metasurface. As passive analog‐based devices, most of the existing nonlinear nonreciprocal metasurfaces are inherently characterized by the relatively unchangeable performance, sharp frequency response, and hysteresis loops. Here, an analog–digital–analog mechanism is proposed to realize the nonlinear nonreciprocity, which provides a digitally reconfigurable solution for a family of nonreciprocal performance within a shared hardware architecture. This concept is validated by a metasurface prototype with the integration of a digital module at microwave frequencies. Based on the proposed mechanism, the properties can be customized as demanded, ranging from a normal reciprocal response to a variety of nonreciprocal functions, including electromagnetic (EM) diode and EM unidirectional limiting functions, which have been experimentally demonstrated with direction reversibility and threshold tunability. The proposed metasurface is also underpinned by the nonhysteretic performance and wide operating bandwidth, thereby potentially making it an inexpensive and stable candidate for advanced manipulations of EM waves.     

A low scattering slot antenna based on broadband polarization conversion metasurface

An ultrawide band polarization conversion metasurface (PCM) is proposed to reduce the reflection of a slot antenna. The proposed PCM can convert a linearly polarized incident wave to the reflected wave with a 90° rotation. By arranging the PCM around the antenna symmetrically, an ideal phase cancelation is achieved. To verify the design, a metasurface‐slot antenna is simulated and measured to confirm the proposed PCM for a significant reduction of the reflection. Results show that the normal reflection of the proposed antenna at boresight is reduced more than 10 dB over an ultrawide band. In addition, 2 dB enhancement of the gain is achieved compared with a reference antenna which has the same dimensions. Meanwhile, the small influence is observed for the antenna radiation by introducing the PCM.