Effect of high hydrostatic pressure pretreatment on flavour and physicochemical properties of freeze-dried carambola slices

Ripe carambolas are hard to store and transport, while freeze-dried ones are easy to store. However, its long production time leads to higher costs. This study shows that high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment could shorten the freeze-drying time of carambola slices. After HHP treatment (25–250 MPa), the drying time of the fresh sample can be shortened by 33.3–44.4% and the distribution of water and pigment in tissues is much uniform. With the increment of the pressure, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radical scavenging rate are increased. At 250 MPa, the total phenolic content (TPC) increased from 11.34 to 13.36 mg GAE g⁻¹, and the total flavonoid content (TFC) of the control sample was increased from 10.77 to 12.73 mg RE g⁻¹. Compared with the untreated sample, HHP treatment can enhance the flavour and shorten the freeze-drying time. This work guides the application of HHP technology for drying food processing.     

中国菊花主题花展及其对行业发展的作用

中国的菊花主题花展(菊花展览)是最重要的赏菊形式,对我国3种主要类型的菊花展览,即综合性菊花展览(中国菊花展览会、国际博览会菊花专项展和各级城市菊花展)、菊花专类园和菊花花田花海的发展现状进行了研究,并分析了菊花展览在促进菊花产业发展、弘扬菊花文化、服务生态文明及美丽乡村建设、加强菊花非物质文化遗产保护中的重要作用,为推动我国菊花展览水平的提高提供借鉴。     

Flower‐shaped ultra‐wideband fractal antenna

A flower‐shaped ultra‐wideband fractal antenna is presented. It comprises a fourth iterative flower‐shaped radiator, asymmetrical stub‐loaded feeding line, and coplanar quarter elliptical ground planes. A wide operating band of 12.12 GHz (4.58‐16.7 GHz) for S ₁₁ ≤ ? 10 dB is achieved along with an overall antenna footprint of 15.7 × 11.4 mm². In addition, other desirable characteristics, that is, omnidirectional radiation patterns, peak gain upto 5 dB, and fidelity factor more than 75% are achieved. A good agreement exists between the simulation and measured results. The obtained results illustrate that this antenna has wide operating range and compact dimensions than available structures.     

鲜花保鲜技术及环境影响因素分析

通过介绍鲜花采收、预冷、贮存、运输、销售过程中的保鲜及保鲜方法,论述了采摘后鲜花保鲜过程中应注意的各个环节及影响因素,对保鲜技术在花卉市场中的应用以及各种保鲜技术进行总结,为鲜花保鲜市场提供了理论指导.     

Lutein and lutein esters in marigold flowers by high performance chromatography

Lutein and lutein esters in marigold flowers was quantitatively determined by high performance chromatography (HPLC) with ODS-C18 column. A mixture of CH3CN-CH3OH-CH3COOCH2CH2 with volume ratio of 55:1:44 was used as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0mL/min and detection was carried out at 480 nm. The column temperature was about 20℃. The contents of lutein and lutein esters were determined by analytical curve of lutein since lutein and lutein esters have the same spectral characteristics. Determination results of hexane extracts and saponified samples of lutein show that the saponification transforms the esters into free lutein. The increase of the content of dipalmitate and palmitate stearate reveals that the reaction includes transesterifications.     

冰花镀锡在金属制品上的应用

在金属制品上获得美丽的结晶冰花,美化生活用品,已越来越为人们所重视。本文对冰花镀锡的电镀液组成,工艺参数的控制,生产过程中的故障排除作出了全面的介绍.     

Isolation,identification, and function of the Dufour gland secretion ofXylocopa virginica texana (Hymenoptera: Anthophoridae)

The Dufour's gland secretion ofXylocopa virginica texana possesses short-term repellency for conspecifics when applied to passion flowers. This secretion contains a number of straight-chain hydrocarbons. The two major components are the methyl esters of palmitic and myristic acid. A mixture of the two esters and two of the available hydrocarbons were as effective as the Dufour's gland extract in eliciting a response in females to the passion flower,Passiflora incarnata, to which the extract was applied.Approved as TA13387 by the Director, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station and conducted in cooperation with the USDA. Supported in part by NSF-DEB-76-03963.     

LDH@MMT/MZBMSO的制备及其在皮革中的阻燃性能

采用水热法在蒙脱土（MMT）表面原位生长层状双氢氧化物（LDH），获得了层状双氢氧化物@蒙脱土（LDH@MMT）。通过XRD、SEM、FTIR对LDH@MMT进行了表征。结果表明，LDH和MMT通过氢键复合在一起，呈花状结构。将其引入花椒籽油（ZBMSO）中制得层状双氢氧化物@蒙脱土/改性花椒籽油（LDH@MMT/MZBMSO），TEM结果表明：LDH@MMT均匀分散在MZBMSO中。将其应用于皮革加脂工艺，结果表明：与MZBMSO加脂坯革相比，当LDH@MMT的质量占ZBMSO的12%时，LDH@MMT/MZBMSO加脂坯革阻燃性能明显提高，加脂坯革氧指数由22.8%提升至28.3%，有焰燃烧时间由87 s减少到43 s，热释放速率降低了43.6%，总热释放速率降低了73.6%，产烟速率降低了63.5%；LDH@MMT包裹在坯革纤维表面，形成的“曲折路径”可减缓热量及烟气的释放，燃烧后在纤维表面形成致密碳层进一步阻隔坯革燃烧过程中释放的热量、烟气，并隔绝氧气，从而提升了加脂坯革的阻燃抑烟性能。     

高档中温快烧反应釉的试制及生产

系统介绍了高档瓷用中温花釉系列配方组成,以及生产工艺等影响因素。该釉适应性强,有广阔的市场前景。     

河南省花卉产业发展现状及对策分析

摘 要 河南省是我国重要的粮食主产省,也是我国重要的花卉传统生产区域之一。在保障粮食生产目标 顺利实现的同时,利用特色资源发展特色农业,是促进农民增收的有效途径。该文在分析河南省花卉产业 发展的基础、存在的问题、面临的发展机遇后,提出了河南省花卉产业发展的若干对策:升级花卉产业结 构,发展特色花卉细分品种系列;优化花卉产业布局,发挥产业集聚效应;延伸花卉产业链;发挥南北过 渡带的地缘优势;创新花卉产业组织模式等。