EFFECTS OF MELT TEMPERATURES ON MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF RAPIDLY SOLIDIFIED Al－(14%－18%)Si RIBBONS

研究了提高熔体喷射温度和附加高温处理对快凝Ａｌ－Ｓｉ合金条带微观组织结构，硬度及韧性的影响，分析了因不同处理温度而引起的熔体结构变化对快凝微观组织的影响规律的冶金物理本质。     

预冻方式对脱酸图书冻干效果的影响研究

本文以水溶液脱酸后的整本图书为对象,选取真空冷冻干燥法对脱酸后的整本图书进行干燥实验,研究了预冻方式对图书冷冻干燥过程和干燥品质的影响,分别采用液氮预冻和慢速预冻两种预冻方式对图书进行真空冷冻干燥,并比较分析了图书干燥过程和干燥后纸张白度、色差、抗张强度、撕裂度、耐折度及外观等指标。结果表明:慢速预冻可以减短图书冷冻干燥所需要的干燥时间,提高干燥效率;在图书纸张机械性能保持方面,慢速预冻效果更佳;在图书光学性能和外观保持方面,液氮预冻效果更优;从经济性及图书的长久保存方面考虑,推荐采用慢速预冻。     

计算流体力学技术在食品冷藏链中的应用

目的综述国内外计算力体力学(CFD)在食品冷藏链中的应用现状。方法分类讨论CFD在食品冷藏链中预冷、冷冻、冷藏、冷藏运输4个环节中的应用。结果归纳总结了CFD在食品冷链设备中的应用研究与进展,并指出了今后的发展方向。结论 CFD数值模拟技术在食品冷藏链中得到了广泛的应用,通过CFD数值模拟技术对冷链设备中的流场进行模拟分析,对冷链设备的优化与降低设备能耗具有重要意义。     

Influence of Pre-Freezing Temperature on the Corneal Endothelial Cytocompatibility and Cell Delivery Performance of Porous Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel Carriers

The development of porous hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels for corneal endothelial tissue engineering is attractive because they can be used as functional cell delivery carriers to help in the reconstruction of damaged areas. The purpose of this study was to investigate the corneal endothelial cytocompatibility and cell delivery performance of porous HA hydrogel biomaterials fabricated at different pre-freezing temperatures. As compared to their counterparts prepared at −80 °C, the HA samples fabricated at higher pre-freezing temperature (i.e., 0 °C) exhibited a larger pore size and higher porosity, thereby leading to lower resistance to glucose permeation. Live/dead assays and gene expression analyses showed that the restricted porous structure of HA carriers decreases the viability and ionic pump function of cultured corneal endothelial cells (CECs). The results also indicated that the porous hydrogel biomaterials fabricated at high pre-freezing temperature seem to be more compatible with rabbit CECs. In an animal model of corneal endothelial dysfunction, the wounded rabbit corneas receiving bioengineered CEC sheets and restricted porous-structured HA carriers demonstrated poor tissue reconstruction. The therapeutic efficacy of cell sheet transplants can be improved by using carrier materials prepared at high pre-freezing temperature. Our findings suggest that the cryogenic operation temperature-mediated pore microstructure of HA carriers plays an important role in corneal endothelial cytocompatibility and cell delivery performance.     

On-board handling and freezing of the sea scallop, Placopecten magellanicus

The effects of on-board handling and freezing on the quality of meats from the sea scallop, Placopecten magellanicus , in the Atlantic Canadian fishery were investigated. The results show that meats frozen within 6 h of catching, pre-rigor, were markedly superior to meats frozen after storage in ice for up to 10 days, with lower drip loss, more tender texture, less flavour loss and higher overall acceptability.
Inferior results were obtained without pre-chilling of the meats before storage in cotton bags in melting ice and with live holding for 3 days followed by freezing and storage at minus 30°C for up to 6 months. Days in ice before freezing, however, exerted by far the greatest influence on quality.
According to these results, freezing on board warrants consideration on grounds of superior quality including increased yield of cooked product.     

嗜酸乳杆菌冷冻干燥过程中保护剂的筛选及液氮预冻

冻干乳酸菌发酵剂在乳品生产中的优势日益明显,对其研究尤为重要。通过正交试验设计,优化适合嗜酸乳杆菌的最佳冻干保护剂配方为：脱脂乳粉15%、海藻糖4%、VC 1%、谷氨酸钠1.5%。在冷冻干燥中,通过实验发现,用液氮预冻比在普通的冷冻干燥条件下预冻嗜酸乳杆菌的存活率要高。此外,用液氮预冻时,不同的液滴大小对嗜酸乳杆菌的存活率也有影响,液滴越小,存活率越高。     

冷冻法取样对腐木淤泥混合土变形参数的影响试验研究

对于常规取样方法不适用的特殊土,冷冻法取样是方法之一。对于包含腐木的软土,常规法取样往往会使淤泥和腐木分离扰动,本项目采取冷冻法取样,并对冷冻法取样和常规法取样进行了固结、次固结和压缩试验。本文通过比较分析不同取样法的试验数据,得出了冷冻法取样对腐木淤泥混合土变形参数的扰动影响程度,并指出冷冻法取样对于腐木含量较高的对象更为适宜。     

熔体温度对快凝Al－Si过共晶合金条带微观组织及性能的影响

研究了提高熔体喷射温度和附加高温（１２００℃）处理对快凝Ａｌ－（１４％－１８％）Ｓｉ合金条带微观组织结构、硬度及韧性的影响，分析了因不同处理温度而引起的熔体结构变化对快凝微观组织的影响规律的冶金物理本质，实验发现，快凝熔体喷射温度的提高或在熔体喷射前附加高温（如１２００℃）或恒温均匀化处理，有利于合金微观组织均匀化和细化，有利于快凝条带综合机械性能的优化．